Nitric oxide and clustering of metabolic syndrome components in pediatrics

Ghasemi, Asghar; Zahediasl, Saleh; Azizi, Fereidoun

doi:10.1007/s10654-009-9382-3

Cited by 29 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…4,[30][31][32] Our results are consistent with those of Gruber et al, 4 who showed reduced nitrite/nitrate levels (NOx) in juvenile obesity, and with Siervo and Bluck, 32 who showed reduced NO synthesis in obesity and in metabolic syndrome.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

The effects of endothelial nitric oxide synthase tagSNPs on nitrite levels and risk of hypertension and obesity in children and adolescents

et al. 2014

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Obesity and the nitric oxide synthase 3 (NOS3) gene polymorphisms are associated with nitrite levels and hypertension. However, no study has tested the hypothesis that NOS3 tagSNPs rs3918226, rs3918188, rs743506 and rs7830 affect nitrite levels and are associated with hypertension in childhood obesity. We investigated the association of these NOS3 tagSNPs and the haplotypes formed by them with hypertension and with nitrite levels in children and adolescents with obesity and with obesity plus hypertension. We studied 355 subjects: 174 healthy (controls), 109 normotensive obese, and 72 obese children and adolescents with obesity plus hypertension. Genotypes were determined by Taqman allele discrimination assay and real-time PCR. We compared the distribution of NOS3 tagSNP genotypes, alleles and haplotypes in the three groups of subjects. Nitrite levels were determined by ozone-based chemiluminescence. Nitrite levels were affected by the rs3918226 polymorphism (P<0.05) but not by NOS3 haplotypes. There was no association between the tagSNPs studied and hypertension in children and adolescents. Our findings show that the NOS3 tagSNP rs3918226 is associated with NO production in children and adolescents, and suggest that this polymorphism may have an impact on cardiovascular health. Further studies are needed to better clarify the effects of this polymorphism on cardiovascular risk.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

The effects of endothelial nitric oxide synthase tagSNPs on nitrite levels and risk of hypertension and obesity in children and adolescents

et al. 2014

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“…Increased shear stress can stimulate angiogenesis and increase blood flow. NO levels are elevated in diabetic young adults (12) and obese children (21) and linked to glomerular hyperfiltration, oxidative stress, and inflammation, although NO synthesis might later decline with disease progression.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Increased glomerular filtration rate in early metabolic syndrome is associated with renal adiposity and microvascular proliferation

Woollard

Wang

et al. 2011

American Journal of Physiology-Renal Physiology

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Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is associated with glomerular hyperfiltration and is a risk factor for chronic kidney disease, but the underlying mechanisms are poorly defined. This study tested the hypothesis that increased glomerular filtration rate (GFR) in early MetS is associated with renal adiposity and microvascular proliferation. Twelve MetS-prone Ossabaw pigs were randomized to 10 wk of a standard (lean, n = 6) or atherogenic (MetS, n = 6) diet. Kidney hemodynamics and function, perirenal fat volume, and tubular dynamics were assessed in vivo by multidetector computed tomography (CT) and blood oxygen level-dependent (BOLD)-MRI. Microvascular architecture was assessed ex vivo with micro-CT. Candidate injury mechanisms were evaluated in kidney tissue by Western blotting and histology. Basal GFR, renal blood flow, and renal cortical perfusion and volume were elevated in the MetS group. Perirenal and kidney tissue fat, proximal-nephron intratubular fluid concentration, and endothelial nitric oxide synthase expression were increased in MetS. GFR levels correlated with tissue triglyceride levels. Elevated spatial density of 20- to 40-μm cortical microvessels was accompanied by mild oxidative stress, inflammation, and with proximal tubular vacuolization. Medullary size and perfusion were relatively preserved, and BOLD-MRI showed intact medullary tubular response to furosemide. Increased GFR in early MetS is associated with renal adiposity and microvascular proliferation, which involve mainly the renal cortex and precede significant activation of oxidative stress and inflammation. Renal adiposity and proliferative microvessels may represent novel therapeutic targets for preserving renal function in early MetS.

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“…Further, there is evidence that NO production is suppressed by NOS inhibitors such as asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA) [25] and caveolin-1 [26], which are elevated in T2DM. Conversely, others have reported increased plasma nitrate and nitrite concentrations in individuals with T2DM [27,28], which may indicate a quenching of NO activity or upregulation of NO synthesis to counteract resistance. It is possible that dietary nitrate supplementation in this population could ameliorate the impact of T2DM on NOS-dependent NO synthesis by increasing the amount of NO produced via the enterosalivary pathway [14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 88%

Effects of dietary nitrate supplementation on the oxygen cost of exercise and walking performance in individuals with type 2 diabetes: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled crossover trial

Shepherd

Gilchrist

Winyard

et al. 2015

Free Radical Biology and Medicine

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Dietary nitrate supplementation has been shown to reduce the oxygen (O2) cost of exercise and enhance exercise tolerance in healthy individuals. This study assessed whether similar effects could be observed in individuals with type 2 diabetes (T2DM). In a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled crossover study, 48 participants with T2DM supplemented their diet for 4 days with either nitrate-rich beetroot juice (70ml/day, 6.43mmol nitrate/day) or nitrate-depleted beetroot juice as placebo (70ml/day, 0.07mmol nitrate/day). After each intervention period, resting plasma nitrate and nitrite concentrations were measured subsequent to participants completing moderate-paced walking. Pulmonary gas exchange was measured to assess the O2 cost of walking. After a rest period, participants performed the 6-min walk test (6MWT). Relative to placebo, beetroot juice resulted in a significant increase in plasma nitrate (placebo, 57±66 vs beetroot, 319±110µM; P< 0.001) and plasma nitrite concentration (placebo, 680±256 vs beetroot, 1065±607nM; P < 0.001). There were no differences between placebo juice and beetroot juice for the O2 cost of walking (946±221 vs 939±223ml/min, respectively; P = 0.59) and distance covered in the 6MWT (550±83 vs 554±90m, respectively; P = 0.17). Nitrate supplementation did not affect the O2 cost of moderate-paced walking or improve performance in the 6MWT. These findings indicate that dietary nitrate supplementation does not modulate the response to exercise in individuals with T2DM.

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Nitric oxide and clustering of metabolic syndrome components in pediatrics

Cited by 29 publications

References 48 publications

The effects of endothelial nitric oxide synthase tagSNPs on nitrite levels and risk of hypertension and obesity in children and adolescents

The effects of endothelial nitric oxide synthase tagSNPs on nitrite levels and risk of hypertension and obesity in children and adolescents

Increased glomerular filtration rate in early metabolic syndrome is associated with renal adiposity and microvascular proliferation

Effects of dietary nitrate supplementation on the oxygen cost of exercise and walking performance in individuals with type 2 diabetes: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled crossover trial

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