Nitric Oxide Enhances Cytotoxicity of Lead by Modulating the Generation of Reactive Oxygen Species and Is Involved in the Regulation of Pb2+ and Ca2+ Fluxes in Tobacco BY-2 Cells

Wu, Jiaye; Zhang, Yue; Hao, Ruizhi; Cao, Yuan; Shan, Xin; Jing, Yanping

doi:10.3390/plants8100403

Cited by 10 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 54 publications

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“…Similarly, nitrosative and oxidative stresses were reported under alkalinity and/or aniline stresses (Dawood et al 2021b), collectively known as secondary stress, i.e., "nitro-oxidative stress" (Corpas and Barroso 2013). Thus, herein, NO could be a potential agent in Hg-mediated ROS production and, subsequently, oxidative perturbations, as recommended by the study of Wu et al (2019). Contrary to this, the application of algal extracts vastly reduced both ROS and NO; consequently, high tolerance to Hg stress was the result.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 78%

N- or/and P-deprived Coccomyxa chodatii SAG 216–2 extracts instigated mercury tolerance of germinated wheat seedlings

et al. 2022

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Purpose This research studies the alleviation potential of N- or/and P- deprived Coccomyxa chodatii SAG 216–2 extracts as biostimulants on mercury stress (10 and 30 mg L−1) of wheat seedlings. Materials The study includes the interactive effect of mercury and biostimulants on growth, reactive nitrogen and oxygen species, membrane stability, and antioxidant activity in wheat seedlings. Results The imposed toxic effects of Hg-stress on the studied parameters were to a great extent less noticeable under different algal extracts, and the magnitude of augmentation was P-deprived extract > P-&N-deprived extract > N-deprived extract > Normal algal extract. Higher Hg-tolerance modulated by algal extracts, especially P-deprived extract, was associated with high antioxidant capacity and ferric reducing power. These activities could instigate the antioxidant system (enzymatic and non-enzymatic) under Hg-stress. Furthermore, the algal extracts broadly alleviated wheat chelating mechanism deterioration by Hg-stress via enhancing phytochelatins, reduced glutathione, and metallothioneins. Thus, the applied algal extracts retarded Hg accumulation in wheat tissues exposed to Hg stress. In addition, the nitrosative stress induced by Hg-stress in terms of high nitric oxide content was minimized by various algal extracts. All these regulations by algal extracts are reflected in high membrane stability as denoted by the reduction of lipid peroxidation, lipoxygenase, and methylglyoxal as a sign of reducing oxidative damage and reactive oxygen species (ROS). Conclusion Thus, we recommended using the macronutrient-deprived algal extracts of Coccomyxa chodatii SAG 216–2 as potential biostimulants of wheat growth under Hg-stress and may be under other stresses.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 78%

N- or/and P-deprived Coccomyxa chodatii SAG 216–2 extracts instigated mercury tolerance of germinated wheat seedlings

et al. 2022

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“…It is reported that the expression of Ca 2+ /Mg 2+ -dependent nucleases causes DNA fragmentation in the nucleus and other forms of apoptosis [ 57 ]. Moreover, studies have shown that changes in intracellular Ca 2+ homeostasis can lead to the release of cytochrome c, which triggers PCD [ 58 , 59 ]. So, ET signaling can activate downstream Ca 2+ signal-related genes to increase cytoplasmic Ca 2+ , which leads to the expression of PCD-associated genes, thereby also promoting PCD in pir1 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gene Mapping, Genome-Wide Transcriptome Analysis, and WGCNA Reveals the Molecular Mechanism for Triggering Programmed Cell Death in Rice Mutant pir1

Chen

Mei

Liang

et al. 2020

Plants

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Programmed cell death (PCD) is involved in plant growth and development and in resistance to biotic and abiotic stress. To understand the molecular mechanism that triggers PCD, phenotypic and physiological analysis was conducted using the first three leaves of mutant rice PCD-induced-resistance 1(pir1) and its wild-type ZJ22. The 2nd and 3rd leaves of pir1 had a lesion mimic phenotype, which was shown to be an expression of PCD induced by H2O2-accumulation. The PIR1 gene was mapped in a 498 kb-interval between the molecular markers RM3321 and RM3616 on chromosome 5, and further analysis suggested that the PCD phenotype of pir1 is controlled by a novel gene for rice PCD. By comparing the mutant with wild type rice, 1679, 6019, and 4500 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified in the three leaf positions, respectively. KEGG analysis revealed that DEGs were most highly enriched in phenylpropanoid biosynthesis, alpha-linolenic acid metabolism, and brassinosteroid biosynthesis. In addition, conjoint analysis of transcriptome data by weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) showed that the turquoise module of the 18 identified modules may be related to PCD. There are close interactions or indirect cross-regulations between the differential genes that are significantly enriched in the phenylpropanoid biosynthesis pathway and the hormone biosynthesis pathway in this module, which indicates that these genes may respond to and trigger PCD.

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“…Several biochemical indicators are useful tools to distinguish PCD from necrosis. A very common indicator of PCD in plant cells is the internucleosomal fragmentation of DNA, which is easily determined by the TUNEL assay that labels 3′-OH ends produced as a result of DNA fragmentation [ 18 , 71 , 90 , 91 ]. The early stage of PCD could be detected using a very fast and cost-effective DNA ladder assay, where specific endonucleases attack nuclear DNA, producing double-stranded DNA fragments with low molecular weights [ 92 ].…”

Section: Plant Cell Death Under Abiotic Stress—pcd Vs Necrosismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Ethylene, the level of which is modulated by ROS formation and stimulates the redistribution of Ca 2+ , also participates in the onset of PCD [ 5 , 7 ]. The cellular response to Cd and Pb involves complex crosstalk between ROS, hormones (ethylene), NO, and Ca 2+ [ 6 , 91 , 145 ]. Accordingly, NO modulates the content of phytochelatins (PCs), whose function is to bind heavy metals in the cytoplasm and to mediate their vacuolar sequestration [ 102 ].…”

Section: The Physiological Characteristics Of Pcd In Plant Cells Umentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, researchers have not clearly determined whether Cd uptake is achieved by PC engagement, although the PC level is remarkably increased during the pre-PCD phase and reaches a limiting value at cultivation times coinciding with the PCD trigger in the presence of 150 µM Cd [ 146 ]. The NO burst occurred earlier than ROS accumulation, influenced Ca 2+ effluxes and disrupted Ca homeostasis in Nicotiana tabacum cells treated with Pb [ 91 ]. The inhibition of Ca transients eliminated cell death in A. thaliana suspensions, highlighting the role of Ca in PCD [ 147 ].…”

Section: The Physiological Characteristics Of Pcd In Plant Cells Umentioning

confidence: 99%

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Insights into Plant Programmed Cell Death Induced by Heavy Metals—Discovering a Terra Incognita

Sychta

Słomka

Kuta

2021

Cells

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Programmed cell death (PCD) is a process that plays a fundamental role in plant development and responses to biotic and abiotic stresses. Knowledge of plant PCD mechanisms is still very scarce and is incomparable to the large number of studies on PCD mechanisms in animals. Quick and accurate assays, e.g., the TUNEL assay, comet assay, and analysis of caspase-like enzyme activity, enable the differentiation of PCD from necrosis. Two main types of plant PCD, developmental (dPCD) regulated by internal factors, and environmental (ePCD) induced by external stimuli, are distinguished based on the differences in the expression of the conserved PCD-inducing genes. Abiotic stress factors, including heavy metals, induce necrosis or ePCD. Heavy metals induce PCD by triggering oxidative stress via reactive oxygen species (ROS) overproduction. ROS that are mainly produced by mitochondria modulate phytotoxicity mechanisms induced by heavy metals. Complex crosstalk between ROS, hormones (ethylene), nitric oxide (NO), and calcium ions evokes PCD, with proteases with caspase-like activity executing PCD in plant cells exposed to heavy metals. This pathway leads to very similar cytological hallmarks of heavy metal induced PCD to PCD induced by other abiotic factors. The forms, hallmarks, mechanisms, and genetic regulation of plant ePCD induced by abiotic stress are reviewed here in detail, with an emphasis on plant cell culture as a suitable model for PCD studies. The similarities and differences between plant and animal PCD are also discussed.

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Nitric Oxide Enhances Cytotoxicity of Lead by Modulating the Generation of Reactive Oxygen Species and Is Involved in the Regulation of Pb2+ and Ca2+ Fluxes in Tobacco BY-2 Cells

Cited by 10 publications

References 54 publications

N- or/and P-deprived Coccomyxa chodatii SAG 216–2 extracts instigated mercury tolerance of germinated wheat seedlings

N- or/and P-deprived Coccomyxa chodatii SAG 216–2 extracts instigated mercury tolerance of germinated wheat seedlings

Gene Mapping, Genome-Wide Transcriptome Analysis, and WGCNA Reveals the Molecular Mechanism for Triggering Programmed Cell Death in Rice Mutant pir1

Insights into Plant Programmed Cell Death Induced by Heavy Metals—Discovering a Terra Incognita

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