Nitric Oxide Production from Surface Recombination of Oxygen and Nitrogen Atoms

Pejaković, Dušan A.; Marschall, Jochen; Duan, Lian; Martı́n, M. Pino

doi:10.2514/1.33073

Cited by 24 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…We have recently strengthened the experimental evidence provided by Copeland et al [3] by adding sequential N-and O-atom LIF diagnostics and simultaneous concentration measurements at four different sidearm locations [4]. These measurements reproduced the findings of Copeland et al [3] and confirmed their prediction of decreased O-atom loss in O=N mixtures.…”

supporting

confidence: 78%

“…In our previous room-temperature experiments, reasonable agreement was found between measured and simulated O-atom and N-atom profiles along the sidearm tube by setting O N 1 10 5 and specifying f O;O 2 f N;N 2 0:5 [4]. The loss probability of O and N atoms by surface recombination on quartz increases with temperature, although the reported magnitude and functional dependence of this effect varies greatly between researchers [6][7][8][9][10].…”

Section: B Simulation Resultsmentioning

confidence: 60%

“…These measurements reproduced the findings of Copeland et al [3] and confirmed their prediction of decreased O-atom loss in O=N mixtures. In addition, we developed a multispecies reaction-diffusion model for the diffusion-tube reactor that takes into account NO formation as a species boundary condition [4]. Simulations of the experimental conditions using this model reproduced the salient experimental results and imply that NO surface production is of comparable magnitude to the O O and N N surface recombination pathways on quartz surfaces at room temperature.…”

mentioning

confidence: 76%

“…The reaction-diffusion model applied to interpret the experimental results was described in detail and its computational performance verified in our previous paper [4]. Therefore, only a cursory description is given here.…”

Section: A Model Formulation and Solutionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…On the experimental side, Laux et al [2] have used single-photon laser-induced fluorescence (LIF) to detect and compare relative NO number densities in front of different materials tested in a plasma wind tunnel. Copeland et al [3] and, more recently, Pejaković et al [4] performed experiments in a diffusion-tube sidearm reactor using two-photon LIF to monitor O-atom and N-atom number densities, inferring the O N surface reaction from changes in the LIF signals as the O=N atomic ratio at the sidearm entrance was varied.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Direct Detection of NO Produced by High-Temperature Surface-Catalyzed Atom Recombination

Pejaković¹,

Marschall²,

Duan³

et al. 2010

Journal of Thermophysics and Heat Transfer

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The surface-catalytic recombination of oxygen and nitrogen atoms to form nitric oxide was confirmed by the direct detection of product NO molecules, using single-photon laser-induced fluorescence spectroscopy. Experiments were performed from room temperature to 1200 K in a quartz diffusion-tube sidearm reactor enclosed in a hightemperature tube furnace. Atomic nitrogen was generated using a microwave discharge, and atomic oxygen was produced via the rapid gas-phase titration reaction N NO ! O N 2 . The use of isotopically labeled titration gases 15 N 16 O and 15 N 18 O allowed for the unambiguous identification of nitric oxide produced by the O N surface reaction. The absolute number densities of surface-produced NO were determined from separate calibration experiments using 14 N 16 O. Observed variations of the NO number density with temperature and varying O=N atomic ratios at the sidearm entrance are generally consistent with the predictions of a simple reaction-diffusion model of the sidearm reactor that includes surface-catalyzed NO production as a species boundary condition. Nomenclature c = concentration or molar density, mol m 3 D = diffusion coefficient, m 2 s 1 E = activation energy, J mol 1 f s;r = branching fraction of reactant s into product r j = diffusive mass flux, kg m 2 s 1 k i = rate coefficient for reaction i, cm 3 molecule 1 s 1 or cm 6 molecule 2 s 2 L = sidearm length, m M = molar mass, kg mol 1 P = pressure, Pa R = sidearm radius, m R = universal gas constant, 8:314 J mol 1 K 1 r = radial sidearm coordinate, m T = temperature, K v = average thermal speed, m s 1 w = gas-phase production rate, kg m 3 s 1 w w = surface production rate, kg m 2 s 1 x = mole fraction z = axial sidearm coordinate, m = loss probability = mass density, kg m 3 = diffusion velocity, m s 1 Subscripts O, O 2 , N, N 2 , NO = species r = species index or radial direction s = species index w = wall z = axial direction

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supporting

confidence: 78%

Section: B Simulation Resultsmentioning

confidence: 60%

mentioning

confidence: 76%

Section: A Model Formulation and Solutionmentioning

confidence: 98%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Direct Detection of NO Produced by High-Temperature Surface-Catalyzed Atom Recombination

Pejaković¹,

Marschall²,

Duan³

et al. 2010

Journal of Thermophysics and Heat Transfer

Self Cite

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Quantification of uncertainty on the catalytic property of reusable thermal protection materials from high enthalpy experiments

Sanson

Villedieu

Panerai

et al. 2017

Experimental Thermal and Fluid Science

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An accurate determination of the catalytic property of thermal protection materials is crucial to design reusable atmospheric entry vehicles. This property is determined by combining experimental measurements and simulations of the reactive boundary layer near the material surface. The inductively-driven Plasmatron facility at the von Karman Institute for Fluid Dynamics provides a test environment to analyze gas-surface interactions under effective hypersonic conditions. In this study, we develop an uncertainty quantification methodology to rebuild values of the gas enthalpy and material catalytic property from Plasmatron experiments. A non-intrusive spectral projection method is coupled with an in-house boundarylayer solver, to propagate uncertainties and provide error bars on the rebuilt gas enthalpy and material catalytic property, as well as to determine which uncertainties have the largest contribution to the outputs of the experiments. We show * Corresponding author. that the uncertainties computed with the methodology developed are significantly reduced compared to those determined using a more conservative engineering approach adopted in the analysis of previous experimental campaigns.

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Effect of Hyperthermal Hybrid Gas Composition on the Interfacial Oxidation and Nitridation Mechanisms of Graphene Sheet

Cao,

Ye,

Zhao

et al. 2024

Langmuir

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Graphene is one of the most promising thermal protection materials for high-speed aircraft due to its lightweight and excellent thermophysical properties. At high Mach numbers, the extremely high postshock temperature would dissociate the surrounding air into a mixture of atomic and molecular components in a highly thermochemical nonequilibrium state, which greatly affects the subsequent thermal chemical reactions of the graphene interface. Through establishing a reactive gas−solid interface model, the reactive molecular dynamics method is employed in this study to reveal the influences of the thermochemical nonequilibrium gas mixture on the thermal oxidation and nitridation mechanisms of graphene sheet. The results show that three distinctive stages can be recognized during bombardment of various nonequilibrium gas components toward the graphene sheet: (i) collision and surface adsorption stage, (ii) gas−solid heterogeneous reaction stage, and (iii) gas phase homogeneous reaction stage. The surface catalysis effect is found to be dominant during the first two stages, which can influence the following ablation behavior of graphene significantly at high-temperature conditions. Moreover, surface catalysis, oxidation, nitridation, and ablation mechanisms between nonequilibrium gas and graphene interface are revealed, which is of high relevance for future interfacial design and application of graphene as a thermal protection material.

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Nitric Oxide Production from Surface Recombination of Oxygen and Nitrogen Atoms

Cited by 24 publications

References 34 publications

Direct Detection of NO Produced by High-Temperature Surface-Catalyzed Atom Recombination

Direct Detection of NO Produced by High-Temperature Surface-Catalyzed Atom Recombination

Quantification of uncertainty on the catalytic property of reusable thermal protection materials from high enthalpy experiments

Effect of Hyperthermal Hybrid Gas Composition on the Interfacial Oxidation and Nitridation Mechanisms of Graphene Sheet

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