Nitric oxide‐sensitive and ‐insensitive interaction of <i>Bacillus subtilis</i> NsrR with a ResDE‐controlled promoter

Kommineni, Sushma; Yukl, Erik T.; Hayashi, Takahiro; Delepine, Jacob; Geng, Hao; Moënne‐Loccoz, Pierre; Nakano, Michiko

doi:10.1111/j.1365-2958.2010.07407.x

Cited by 36 publications

(57 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…4). This result is consistent with the previous in vitro binding data for nasD (13). Association of NsrR with ykuN was reduced 4-fold either during nitrate respiration or by exposure to sperNONOate, indicating that the binding is NO sensitive in vivo, albeit to a lesser extent than that to nasD.…”

Section: No Affects Nsrr Binding In Vivosupporting

confidence: 82%

“…Our previous study indicated that ResD is involved in transcriptional regulation of all NsrR-controlled genes tested thus far (13). We wondered whether ResD controls NsrR-repressed genes by directly binding to promoter regions.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Our previous and current studies demonstrated that NO reaction with NsrR is responsible for increased transcription of nasD (4,13,14). The Fur repressor contains a mononuclear iron, and nitrosylation of the iron by NO was shown to inactivate Fur repressor activity in E. coli (41), which might also be the case with the B. subtilis Fur protein (40).…”

Section: No Affects Nsrr Binding In Vivomentioning

confidence: 99%

“…When NO is present endogenously via nitrate respiration or exogenously, NsrR-dependent repression of nasD and hmp is relieved. This derepression is attributed to the release of NsrR from the nasD promoter by direct interaction of NO with iron in the [4Fe-4S] cluster of NsrR (13,14). More genes controlled by NsrR were identified by transcriptome analysis, which was validated by transcriptional lacZ fusions to promoters of the identified genes (15).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Transcription of these genes is dependent on the ResD response regulator and the ResE sensor kinase (6,7). NsrR binds to the Ϫ35 region of the nasD promoter, resulting in disruption of the RNA polymerase (RNAP)-ResD-DNA complex (13). When NO is present endogenously via nitrate respiration or exogenously, NsrR-dependent repression of nasD and hmp is relieved.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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The ResD Response Regulator, through Functional Interaction with NsrR and Fur, Plays Three Distinct Roles in Bacillus subtilis Transcriptional Control

Henares

Kommineni

Chumsakul

et al. 2013

Journal of Bacteriology

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bThe ResD response regulator activates transcription of diverse genes in Bacillus subtilis in response to oxygen limitation. ResD regulon genes that are the most highly induced during nitrate respiration include the nitrite reductase operon (nasDEF) and the flavohemoglobin gene (hmp), whose products function in nitric oxide (NO) metabolism. Transcription of these genes is also under the negative control of the NO-sensitive NsrR repressor. Recent studies showed that the NsrR regulon contains genes with no apparent relevance to NO metabolism and that the ResD response regulator and NsrR coordinately regulate transcription. To determine whether these genes are direct targets of NsrR and ResD, we used chromatin affinity precipitation coupled with tiling chip (ChAP-chip) and ChAP followed by quantitative PCR (ChAP-qPCR) analyses. The study showed that ResD and NsrR directly control transcription of the ykuNOP operon in the Fur regulon. ResD functions as an activator at the nasD and hmp promoters, whereas it functions at the ykuN promoter as an antirepressor of Fur and a corepressor for NsrR. This mechanism likely participates in fine-tuning of transcript levels in response to different sources of stress, such as oxygen limitation, iron limitation, and exposure to NO. Bacillus subtilis undergoes either nitrate respiration or fermentation to generate ATP when oxygen becomes limited (reviewed in reference 1). Growth under oxygen-limited conditions, particularly via nitrate respiration, requires the ResD-ResE twocomponent regulatory system (2, 3). During nitrate respiration in B. subtilis, unlike the case with denitrifiers, nitrite is reduced to ammonium instead of nitric oxide (NO). However, NO is generated at low concentrations from nitrite as a by-product of nitrate respiration in B. subtilis (4), as it is in Escherichia coli (5). Since accumulation of NO is cytotoxic, B. subtilis uses flavohemoglobin (Hmp) (6) and nitrite reductase (NasDEF) (7) to reduce NO levels by conversion of NO to nitrate (or N 2 O under anaerobic conditions) (8-10) and by metabolism of nitrite to ammonium (7), respectively. NsrR, a member of the Rrf2 family, is known to control transcription of genes involved in NO detoxification in both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria (reviewed in references 11 and 12). B. subtilis NsrR represses transcription of the nasD operon and hmp under anaerobic fermentative conditions (4). Transcription of these genes is dependent on the ResD response regulator and the ResE sensor kinase (6, 7). NsrR binds to the Ϫ35 region of the nasD promoter, resulting in disruption of the RNA polymerase (RNAP)-ResD-DNA complex (13). When NO is present endogenously via nitrate respiration or exogenously, NsrR-dependent repression of nasD and hmp is relieved. This derepression is attributed to the release of NsrR from the nasD promoter by direct interaction of NO with iron in the [4Fe-4S] cluster of NsrR (13,14). More genes controlled by NsrR were identified by transcriptome analysis, which was validated by transcriptional ...

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Section: No Affects Nsrr Binding In Vivosupporting

confidence: 82%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: No Affects Nsrr Binding In Vivomentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

The ResD Response Regulator, through Functional Interaction with NsrR and Fur, Plays Three Distinct Roles in Bacillus subtilis Transcriptional Control

Henares

Kommineni

Chumsakul

et al. 2013

Journal of Bacteriology

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Structure–Function Relationships of the NsrR and RsrR Transcription Regulators

Volbeda¹,

Crack²,

Brun³

2020

Encyclopedia of Inorganic and Bioinorganic Chemistry

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Protein‐coordinated iron–sulfur clusters play multiple crucial functions in biological processes. One of these functions is the response to effectors that regulate gene expression. This response can be very variable. Several members of the Rrf2 family of bacterial transcriptional regulators contain [FeS] clusters that perform a variety of sensing roles, including those involved in controlling cellular iron levels (RirA), controlling [FeS] cluster synthesis (IscR), responding to nitrosative stress (NsrR), and monitoring and possibly regulating the redox status of the cell (RsrR). Cluster ligation and composition varies significantly, and, with the exception of RsrR, DNA binding is regulated by effector‐dependent either partial or total cluster disassembly. Our own recent work has concentrated on the structure–function relationships of NsrR and RsrR, which coordinate [4Fe4S] and [2Fe2S] clusters, respectively. The reaction of nitric oxide with the NsrR [4Fe4S] cluster is progressive and modulates NsrR binding to different promotors. One consequence of cluster disassembly is the disruption of a key salt bridge that, in turn, causes a conformational change in the helix‐turn‐helix DNA‐binding domain of NsrR. The case of RsrR is especially interesting because its DNA binding depends on a one‐electron cluster redox change. This reduction causes the protonation of a neighboring His residue, which is followed by the generation of a protein cavity and the rotation of a tryptophan residue into it. Like in the case of NsrR, this rotation provokes a conformational change in the helix‐turn‐helix DNA‐binding domain of the protein.

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Characterization of the global impact of low temperature gas plasma on vegetative microorganisms

Winter

Polák

et al. 2011

Proteomics

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Plasma medicine and also decontamination of bacteria with physical plasmas is a promising new field of life science with huge interest especially for medical applications. Despite numerous successful applications of low temperature gas plasmas in medicine and decontamination, the fundamental nature of the interactions between plasma and microorganisms is to a large extent unknown. A detailed knowledge of these interactions is essential for the development of new as well as for the enhancement of established plasma-treatment procedures. In the present work we introduce for the first time a growth chamber system suitable for low temperature gas plasma treatment of bacteria in liquid medium. We have coupled the use of this apparatus to a combined proteomic and transcriptomic analyses to investigate the specific stress response of Bacillus subtilis 168 cells to treatment with argon plasma. The treatment with three different discharge voltages revealed not only effects on growth, but also clear evidence of cellular stress responses. B. subtilis suffered severe cell wall stress, which was made visible also by electron microscopy, DNA damages and oxidative stress as a result of exposure to plasma. These biological findings were supported by the detection of reactive plasma species by OES measurements.

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Nitric oxide‐sensitive and ‐insensitive interaction of Bacillus subtilis NsrR with a ResDE‐controlled promoter

Abstract: Summary NsrR is a nitric oxide (NO)-

Cited by 36 publications

References 52 publications

The ResD Response Regulator, through Functional Interaction with NsrR and Fur, Plays Three Distinct Roles in Bacillus subtilis Transcriptional Control

The ResD Response Regulator, through Functional Interaction with NsrR and Fur, Plays Three Distinct Roles in Bacillus subtilis Transcriptional Control

Structure–Function Relationships of the NsrR and RsrR Transcription Regulators

Characterization of the global impact of low temperature gas plasma on vegetative microorganisms

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