Nitriding of austenitic stainless steels using plasma immersion ion implantation

Mändl, S.; Günzel, R.; Richter, E.; Möller, W.

doi:10.1016/s0257-8972(97)00651-8

Cited by 77 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 10 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Much work focused on improvement of components made from stainless steel [86][87][88][89][90][91][92][93][94][95][96][97][98][99], tool steel [6,19,45,[100][101][102][103][104][105][106][107][108][109], tungsten carbide [110], nickel alloys [6,111], chromium [112], pure aluminum [113,114] and titanium and aluminum alloys [20,49,[115][116][117][118][119][120][121]. Möller and coworkers [122] describe PBII of nitrogen as "favorable boundary conditions for the efficiency of diffusive surface treatment."…”

Section: A Reduction Of Wear and Corrosion Applications In Metallurgymentioning

confidence: 99%

Plasma-based ion implantation and deposition: a review of physics, technology, and applications

Pelletier

Anders

2005

IEEE Trans. Plasma Sci.

174

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

After pioneering work in the 1980s, plasma-based ion implantation (PBII) and plasma-based ion implantation and deposition (PBIID) can now be considered mature technologies for surface modification and thin film deposition. This review starts by looking at the historical development and recalling the basic ideas of PBII. Advantages and disadvantages are compared to conventional ion beam implantation and physical vapor deposition for PBII and PBIID, respectively, followed by a summary of the physics of sheath dynamics, plasma and pulse specifications, plasma diagnostics, and process modelling. The review moves on to technology considerations for plasma sources and process reactors. PBII surface modification and PBIID coatings are applied in a wide range of situations. They include the by-now traditional tribological applications of reducing wear and corrosion through the formation of hard, tough, smooth, low-friction and chemically inert phases and coatings, e.g. for engine components. PBII has become viable for the formation of shallow junctions and other applications in microelectronics. More recently, the rapidly growing field of biomaterial synthesis makes used 1 of PBII&D to produce surgical implants, bio-and blood-compatible surfaces and coatings, etc.With limitations, also non-conducting materials such as plastic sheets can be treated. The major interest in PBII processing originates from its flexibility in ion energy (from a few eV up to about 100 keV), and the capability to efficiently treat, or deposit on, large areas, and (within limits) to process non-flat, three-dimensional workpieces, including forming and modifying metastable phases and nanostructures.We use the acronym PBII&D when referring to both implantation and deposition, while PBIID implies that deposition is part of the process.2

show abstract

Section: A Reduction Of Wear and Corrosion Applications In Metallurgymentioning

confidence: 99%

Plasma-based ion implantation and deposition: a review of physics, technology, and applications

Pelletier

Anders

2005

IEEE Trans. Plasma Sci.

174

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…In Ref. [8] the authors present improved hardness and wear behavior of austenitic stainless steel (X6CrNi-MoTi17.12.2-AISI 316Ti) injected with nitrogen plasma immersion ion implantation (PIII) while retaining its corrosion properties. The corrosion behavior of different stainless steel grades in several commercial products was investigated also in Ref.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

AISI 316Ti (1.4571) steel—Mechanical, creep and fracture properties versus temperature

Brnić

Turkalj

Čanađija

et al. 2011

Journal of Constructional Steel Research

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

“…[6][7][8][9] In order to improve the nitrogen chemical potential for further nitrogen diffusion, plasma immersion ion implantation ͑PI 3 ͒ becomes a suitable technique because the high voltage applied produces an energetic ion bombardment, thus augmenting the nitrogen retention. [10][11][12][13] Furthermore, plasma nitriding of austenitic stainless steels is a model system where PI 3 demonstrated the efficiency of decreasing the surface potential barrier compared to rf plasma. 14 Finally, pathways for plasma surface engineering can be opened, bearing in mind not only the type of steel and the process variables, but also the previous heat treatment of the base material.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Previous heat treatment inducing different plasma nitriding behaviors in martensitic stainless steels

Figueroa

Alvarez

Mitchell

et al. 2006

Journal of Vacuum Science &Amp; Technology A: Vacuum, Surfaces, and Films

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

In this work we report a study of the induced changes in structure and corrosion behavior of martensitic stainless steels nitrided by plasma immersion ion implantation (PI3) at different previous heat treatments. The samples were characterized by x-ray diffraction and glancing angle x-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy, and potentiodynamic measurements. Depending on the proportion of retained austenite in the unimplanted material, different phase transformations are obtained at lower and intermediate temperatures of nitrogen implantation. At higher temperatures, the great mobility of the chromium yields CrN segregations like spots in random distribution, and the a' -martensite is degraded to -Fe (ferrite). The nitrided layer thickness follows a fairly linear relationship with the temperature and a parabolic law with the process time. The corrosion resistance depends strongly on chromium segregation from the martensitic matrix, as a result of the formation of CrN during the nitrogen implantation process and the formation of CrxC during the heat treatment process. Briefly speaking, the best results are obtained using low tempering temperature and low implantation temperature (below 375 degrees) due to the increment of the corrosion resistance and nitrogen dissolution in the structure with not too high diffusion depths (about 5-10 um). In this work we report a study of the induced changes in structure and corrosion behavior of martensitic stainless steels nitrided by plasma immersion ion implantation ͑PI 3 ͒ at different previous heat treatments. The samples were characterized by x-ray diffraction and glancing angle x-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy, and potentiodynamic measurements. Depending on the proportion of retained austenite in the unimplanted material, different phase transformations are obtained at lower and intermediate temperatures of nitrogen implantation. At higher temperatures, the great mobility of the chromium yields CrN segregations like spots in random distribution, and the ␣Ј-martensite is degraded to ␣-Fe ͑ferrite͒. The nitrided layer thickness follows a fairly linear relationship with the temperature and a parabolic law with the process time. The corrosion resistance depends strongly on chromium segregation from the martensitic matrix, as a result of the formation of CrN during the nitrogen implantation process and the formation of Cr x C during the heat treatment process. Briefly speaking, the best results are obtained using low tempering temperature and low implantation temperature ͑below 375°͒ due to the increment of the corrosion resistance and nitrogen dissolution in the structure with not too high diffusion depths ͑about 5 -10 m͒.

show abstract

Nitriding of austenitic stainless steels using plasma immersion ion implantation

Cited by 77 publications

References 10 publications

Plasma-based ion implantation and deposition: a review of physics, technology, and applications

Plasma-based ion implantation and deposition: a review of physics, technology, and applications

AISI 316Ti (1.4571) steel—Mechanical, creep and fracture properties versus temperature

Previous heat treatment inducing different plasma nitriding behaviors in martensitic stainless steels

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About