Nitrification and Denitrification in a Passive On-site Wastewater Treatment System with a Recirculation Filtration Tank

Hossain, Fahim; Chang, Ni‐Bin; Wanielista, Martin P.; Xuan, Zhemin; Daranpob, Ammarin

doi:10.1007/s12403-010-0022-7

Cited by 21 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…Bulk samples were collected from a distance at least five feet inside from the banks in pre-rinsed sterilized plastic bottles. The pH, electrical conductivity (EC), total dissolved solids (TDS), temperature, and salinity (as NaCl) were analysed on the site using HACH (USA) made HQ40-D-Multi model meter (Hossain et al 2010). Dissolved oxygen (DO) was also analysed on the site using DO probe fitted with HACH made HQ30-D-Flexi model meter.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of water quality and suitability analysis of River Ganga in Rishikesh, India

2014

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The water samples were collected from River Ganga in Rishikesh during December 2008 to assess its suitability for drinking, irrigation, and industrial usages using various indices. Based on the values obtained and suggested designated best use, water in upper segment can be used for drinking but after disinfection (Class A); organized outdoor bathing in middle segment (Class B); and can be used as drinking water source (Class C) in lower segment in Rishikesh. All the parameters were within the specified limits for drinking water quality except E. coli. The indices of suitability for irrigation and industrial application were also evaluated. The irrigation quality ranged from good to excellent at almost all places with the exception of percent sodium. The abundance of major ions followed K

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of water quality and suitability analysis of River Ganga in Rishikesh, India

2014

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“…On the other hand, heterotrophic denitrification systems use solid-phase carbon sources including woodchips (Kim et al, 2003), sawdust (Kim et al, 2003), cardboard (Greenan et al, 2006), paper (Kim et al, 2003), and agricultural residues (Kim et al, 2003;Rocca et al, 2005;Greenan et al, 2006). Some proprietary media mixes containing woodchips and other materials have been developed (Hossain et al, 2009a(Hossain et al, , 2009bRyan et al, 2010). Cellulosicbased systems using wood chips or sawdust form the most common heterotrophic denitrification filter technology, although elemental sulfur (autotrophic denitrification) may also be used as an electron donor.…”

Section: Stormwater Treatmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…An ongoing test bed installed in Ocala County, Florida, removed nutrient smoothly using sorption media deployed in the forebay (O'Reilly et al, 2010b). Periodical maintenance and replacement can be made based on the isotherm test of the filter media (Hossain et al, 2009b;Chang et al, 2010b). In the work by Hossain et al (2009b), about 800.00 g filter media mixture was prepared using 50.00% sand, 20.00% limestone, 15.00% sawdust, and 15.00% tire The use of sorption media, such as compost, to capture pollutants from storm water runoff started from late 1990s (Richman, 1997).…”

Section: Stormwater Treatmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Periodical maintenance and replacement can be made based on the isotherm test of the filter media (Hossain et al, 2009b;Chang et al, 2010b). In the work by Hossain et al (2009b), about 800.00 g filter media mixture was prepared using 50.00% sand, 20.00% limestone, 15.00% sawdust, and 15.00% tire The use of sorption media, such as compost, to capture pollutants from storm water runoff started from late 1990s (Richman, 1997). Stormwater infiltration systems were then widely used to address the quality issue of stormwater runoff through the use of either infiltration (Birch et al, 2005;Hatt et al, 2007) or exfiltration (Sansalone and Teng, 2004).…”

Section: Stormwater Treatmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Filter Media for Nutrient Removal in Natural Systems and Built Environments: II—Design and Application Challenges

Chang

Wanielista

Daranpob

2010

Environmental Engineering Science

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Both surface and groundwater systems can be contaminated by treated or untreated wastewater discharged from improper on-site wastewater treatment systems, nutrient-laden agricultural runoffs, landfill leachate disposal with high nutrient concentrations, and increasing use of fertilizer in residential communities. This elevated nutrient level in surface and groundwater systems burdens the operation and maintenance cost of water treatment plants when the contaminated source water is to be made available for drinking water use. Most of the nutrient removal techniques using sorption media are based on laboratory experiments and limited field applications. The objective of this article was to investigate the current design and application challenges of using sorption media for nutrient removal in this field based on the basic understanding gained through a critical and thorough review of all relevant laboratory work. Retention and detention pond techniques for stormwater treatment, permeable reactive barriers for groundwater treatment, and passive on-site wastewater treatment are among the few examples in this emerging area. It is notable that these field applications have demonstrated some success for nutrient removal. Even at its simplest, identifying the general design features specific to different applications is by no means an easy task, and critical comparison and evaluation of the potential use of sorption media is essential. In this article, relevant technologies with future research potential are systematically reviewed to illuminate the design and application challenges.

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“…For example, saw dust and other wood products, zeolites, tire crumbs, vegetation, sulfur, and spodosols were suggested or used as possible treatment media (Richman, 1997;Kim et al, 2000;Birch et al, 2005;Hsieh and Davis, 2005;Chang et al, 2007;Smith et al, 2008;Xuan et al, 2009). Such soil augmentations with sorption media mixes may result in improvements to current designs (Hossain et al, 2009a(Hossain et al, , 2009bXuan et al, 2009). The use of these sorption media in the engineered and natural processes may remove not only the nutrients, but also pathogens and other pollutants, such as heavy metals, pesticides, and toxins, for various purposes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

New Performance-Based Passive Septic Tank Underground Drainfield for Nutrient and Pathogen Removal Using Sorption Media

Chang

Wanielista

Daranpob

et al. 2010

Environmental Engineering Science

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Removal of nutrients and pathogens in wastewater effluents is very important for the sustainability of the aquatic ecosystem and environment. On-site sewage treatment and disposal systems commonly referred as septic systems are one of the major sources of nutrients and pathogens in groundwater systems. Drainfields in septic tank systems are normally located in permeable, unsaturated natural soil or imported fill material so that wastewater can infiltrate and percolate through the underlying soil to the groundwater for final disposal. In the past, removal of nutrients in these conventional drainfields was too low to meet the water quality requirements. This article presents a new passive underground drainfield of innovative design with soil amendments (sorption media) for nutrient and pathogen removal in a field-scaled septic tank system. This new system, which is filled with green sorption media consisting of recycled materials mixed with naturally occurring materials, was fully tested in both Phases I and II periods in late 2008 and early 2009, respectively. The new drainfield system with soil amendments was designed to furnish aerobic and anoxic environments, which were fully demonstrated to support final nitrification and denitrification in our pilot study. In this embodiment, the green sorption material mixture includes *68% fine sand, *25% tire crumbs, and *7% sawdust by volume. Overall, >70.21% and 81.79% of total nitrogen and total phosphorus were removed, respectively. Removal efficiency of 5-day carbonaceous biochemical oxygen demand and ammonia was also >80%. Removal efficiency of Escherichia coli was 99.93%. Such a new biofiltration system may be integrated with any type of on-site sewage treatment and disposal systems to effectively remove nutrients and pathogens. The technology will make a significant contribution to the development of sustainable rural areas.

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Nitrification and Denitrification in a Passive On-site Wastewater Treatment System with a Recirculation Filtration Tank

Cited by 21 publications

References 18 publications

Assessment of water quality and suitability analysis of River Ganga in Rishikesh, India

Assessment of water quality and suitability analysis of River Ganga in Rishikesh, India

Filter Media for Nutrient Removal in Natural Systems and Built Environments: II—Design and Application Challenges

New Performance-Based Passive Septic Tank Underground Drainfield for Nutrient and Pathogen Removal Using Sorption Media

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