Nitrification of municipal wastewater in moving‐bed biofilm reactors

Rusten, B.; Hem, Lars J.; Ødegaard, Hallvard

doi:10.2175/106143095x131213

Cited by 156 publications

(105 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…The carrier is suspended and moves freely in the reactor. The MBBR has been applied for organic matter removal [11], for nitrification [12], and for nutrient (N and P) removal [13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Treatment of domestic wastewater in an up-flow anaerobic sludge blanket reactor followed by moving bed biofilm reactor

Tawfik

El‐Gohary

Temmink

2009

Bioprocess Biosyst Eng

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The performance of a laboratory-scale sewage treatment system composed of an up-flow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) reactor and a moving bed biofilm reactor (MBBR) at a temperature of (22-35°C) was evaluated. The entire treatment system was operated at different hydraulic retention times (HRT's) of 13.3, 10 and 5.0 h. An overall reduction of 80-86% for COD total ; 51-73% for COD colloidal and 20-55% for COD soluble was found at a total HRT of 5-10 h, respectively. By prolonging the HRT to 13.3 h, the removal efficiencies of COD total , COD colloidal and COD soluble increased up to 92, 89 and 80%, respectively. However, the removal efficiency of COD suspended in the combined system remained unaffected when increasing the total HRT from 5 to 10 h and from 10 to 13.3 h. This indicates that, the removal of COD suspended was independent on the imposed HRT. Ammonia-nitrogen removal in MBBR treating UASB reactor effluent was significantly influenced by organic loading rate (OLR). 62% of ammonia was eliminated at OLR of 4.6 g COD m -2 day -1 . The removal efficiency was decreased by a value of 34 and 43% at a higher OLR's of 7.4 and 17.8 g COD m -2 day -1 , respectively. The mean overall residual counts of faecal coliform in the final effluent were 8.9 9 10 4 MPN per 100 ml at a HRT of 13.3 h, 4.9 9 10 5 MPN per 100 ml at a HRT of 10 h and 9.4 9 10 5 MPN per 100 ml at a HRT of 5.0 h, corresponding to overall log 10 reduction of 2.3, 1.4 and 0.7, respectively. The discharged sludge from UASB-MBBR exerts an excellent settling property. Moreover, the mean value of the net sludge yield was only 6% in UASB reactor and 7% in the MBBR of the total influent COD at a total HRT of 13.3 h. Accordingly, the use of the combined UASB-MBBR system for sewage treatment is recommended at a total HRT of 13.3 h.

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“…The carrier is suspended and moves freely in the reactor. The MBBR has been applied for organic matter removal [11], for nitrification [12], and for nutrient (N and P) removal [13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Treatment of domestic wastewater in an up-flow anaerobic sludge blanket reactor followed by moving bed biofilm reactor

Tawfik

El‐Gohary

Temmink

2009

Bioprocess Biosyst Eng

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“…Rusten et al (1995) also reports nitrification rates in excess of 1.4-1.6 gNH 4 -N/m 2 /day using the MBBR process at temperatures ranging from 8 °C to 15.6 °C. At the lowest temperatures, removal efficiency dropped below 85% at high ammonia loading conditions, but remained well above 50% (Rusten et al 1995). Rusten et al (1995) to the influent ammonia load placed on the process.…”

Section: Mbbr Nitrificationmentioning

confidence: 90%

“…At the lowest temperatures, removal efficiency dropped below 85% at high ammonia loading conditions, but remained well above 50% (Rusten et al 1995). Rusten et al (1995) to the influent ammonia load placed on the process. The relationship is not linear, and levels off at higher ammonia loading conditions.…”

Section: Mbbr Nitrificationmentioning

confidence: 93%

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Evaluation of Nitrification Kinetics for a 2.0 MGD IFAS Process Demonstration

Thomas¹,

Bott²,

Regmi³

et al. 2009

proc water environ fed

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The James River Treatment Plant (JRTP) operated a 2 MGD Integrated Fixed Film Activated Sludge (IFAS) demonstration process from November 2007 to April 2009 to explore IFAS performance and investigate IFAS technology as an option for a full scale plant upgrade in response to stricter nutrient discharge limits in the James River Basin. During the study, nitrification kinetics for both ammonia and nitrite oxidizing bacteria and plastic biofilm carrier biomass content were monitored on a near-weekly basis comparing the IFAS media, the IFAS process mixed liquor, and mixed liquor from the full-scale activated sludge process. Carrier biomass content is variable with respect to temperature and process SRT and relates to the localization of nitrification activity in the IFAS basin. Similar to trends observed for carrier biomass content (Regmi, 2008), ammonia oxidizing bacteria (AOB) and nitrite oxidizing bacteria (NOB) activity also shifted from the fixed film to the suspended phase as water temperatures increased and vice versa as the temperature decreased. The data suggest that AOB activity occurs on the surface of the biofilm carriers, while NOB activity remains deeper in the biofilm. During the highest temperatures observed in the IFAS tank, AOB activity on the media contributed as little as 30% of the total nitrification activity in the basin, and after temperatures dropped below 20 °C, AOB activity in the fixed film phase made up 75% of the total activity in the IFAS basin. During the warmest period of the summer, the media still retained more than 60% of the total NOB activity, and more than 90% of the total NOB activity during the period of coldest water temperature. This trend also points out that some AOB and NOB activity remained in the mixed liquor, even during the coldest periods. The retention of nitrification activity in the iii mixed liquor indicates that the constant sloughing of biomass off of the carriers allowed for autotrophic activity, even during washout conditions. Carrier biomass content and nitrification rates on the IFAS media remained constant along the length of the basin, indicating that the IFAS tank is will mixed with respect to biomass growth, although there was a concentration gradient for soluble species (NH 4 -N, NO 2 -N, NO 3 -N). In addition to the weekly nitrification rate measurements, experiments were also conducted to determine how operational inputs such as dissolved oxygen (DO) and mixing affect the nitrification rates. Mixing intensity had a clear impact on nitrification rates by increasing the velocity gradient in the bulk liquid and decreasing the mass transfer boundary layer mass transfer resistance. At higher mixing intensities, advection through the mass transfer boundary layer increased making substrate more available to the biofilm. The affect of mixing was much more profound at low DO, whereas increased mixing had less effect on nitrification rates at higher bulk liquid DO. DO also affected nitrification rates, such that as DO increased it penetrated deeper in...

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“…Rusten et al (1995) Figura 1 -Representação esquemática do sistema LAI, com suportes plásticos móveis e fotografia do modelo utilizado de suporte plástico.…”

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Desempenho de reator integrado de lodo ativado com biofilme em leito móvel

Fujii

Piveli²,

Campos³

et al. 2013

Eng. Sanit. Ambient.

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ResumoO objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar os efeitos da presença de suportes plásticos móveis (carriers) no processo de lodo ativado por meio da operação, sob diferentes tempos de retenção de sólidos para remoção de matéria carbonácea e nitrogênio, de dois sistemas aeróbios. Um deles, denominado LAC, foi constituído por reatores de lodo ativado com biomassa apenas em suspensão, e comparado com outro, LAI, com reatores integrados de lodo ativado com biofilme em leito móvel. Monitorou-se o crescimento das biomassas em suspensão e aderida e as condições ambientais nos reatores. Testes respirométricos determinaram os coeficientes cinéticos relativos à nitrificação. Foi possível a aplicação de carga de aproximadamente duas vezes a que foi suportada por um sistema de lodo ativado, a nitrificação se estendeu até reduzidas idades do lodo aeróbio e a desnitrificação ocorreu eficientemente. As velocidades específicas de crescimento das bactérias nitritantes e nitratantes foram determinadas para o processo com biofilme aderido, resultando similares às obtidas apenas com biomassa em suspensão.Palavras-chave: lodo ativado; remoção de nitrogênio; MBBR; IFAS. AbstractThe aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of plastic media carriers presence in the activated sludge process through the operation under different solids retention times, for the removal of carbonaceous organic matter and ammonia nitrogen, of two aerobic systems. One of them, called LAC, was constituted by activated sludge reactors with suspended biomass only and compared with another, LAI, with integrated fixed-film activated sludge reactors. The growth of attached and suspended biomass and environmental conditions in the reactors have been monitored. Respirometric analyzes were used to determine kinetic coefficients related to nitrification. It was possible to apply approximately twice the load supported by an activated sludge system, nitrification was extended until low solids retention times related to the aerobic and suspended biomass, and denitrification has occurred efficiently. The specific growth rate of nitrifying bacteria in attached biomass has resulted similar to that observed in suspended biomass.

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Nitrification of municipal wastewater in moving‐bed biofilm reactors

Cited by 156 publications

References 16 publications

Treatment of domestic wastewater in an up-flow anaerobic sludge blanket reactor followed by moving bed biofilm reactor

Treatment of domestic wastewater in an up-flow anaerobic sludge blanket reactor followed by moving bed biofilm reactor

Evaluation of Nitrification Kinetics for a 2.0 MGD IFAS Process Demonstration

Desempenho de reator integrado de lodo ativado com biofilme em leito móvel

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