Nitrite and Nitrate Production by NO and NO2 Dissolution in Water Utilizing Plasma Jet Resembling Gas Flow Pattern

Talviste, Rasmus; Jõgi, Indrek; Raud, Sirli; Noori, H.; Raud, Jüri

doi:10.1007/s11090-022-10270-2

Cited by 8 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 50 publications

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“…Under acidic conditions in the presence of H 2 O 2 ,

{<mpadded xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">\mathrm{NO}</mpadded>}_{2}^{-}

is converted to

{<mpadded xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">\mathrm{NO}</mpadded>}_{3}^{-}

via the following reaction [ 50 ] :

{\rm{N}}{<mpadded xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">{\rm{O}}</mpadded>}_{2}^{-}+{{\rm{H}}}_{2}{{\rm{O}}}_{2}+{{\rm{H}}}^{+}\to {\rm{N}}{<mpadded xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">{\rm{O}}</mpadded>}_{3}^{-}+{{\rm{H}}}_{2}{\rm{O}}+{{\rm{H}}}^{+}.

…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…At a higher pH, Reaction () becomes unimportant, resulting in

{<mpadded xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">\mathrm{NO}</mpadded>}_{2}^{-}

concentrations equal to or higher than the

{<mpadded xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">\mathrm{NO}</mpadded>}_{3}^{-}

concentration. [ 50 ] Thus, in plasma‐treated saline with pH >6 (Figure 3 inset), more

{<mpadded xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">\mathrm{NO}</mpadded>}_{2}^{-}

was available for RCS quenching in Reaction ().…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…At a higher pH, Reaction (9) becomes unimportant, resulting in NO 2 − concentrations equal to or higher than the NO 3 − concentration. [50] Thus, in plasma-treated saline with pH >6 (Figure 3 inset), more NO 2 − was available for RCS quenching in Reaction (5).…”

Section: Plasma Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…During the water plasma treatment, the pH decreased, and this was connected with the formation of NO 2 − and NO 3 − . [24] After is converted to NO 3 − via the following reaction [50] :…”

Section: Plasma Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The production of reactive chlorine species (RCS) by argon and helium plasma jets and the sensitivity of liver cancer cell HepG2 to RCS and H₂O₂ treatment

Raud,

Aarik

et al. 2023

Plasma Processes & Polymers

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The present study investigated the production of reactive chlorine species (RCS) by Ar/O2 and He/O2 radiofrequency plasma jets in saline solution, and the sensitivity of the liver cancer cell line HepG2 to RCS and H2O2. Both plasma jets were able to produce RCS; however, at similar plasma powers, pressures, and feed gas flow rates, the He/O2 jet was more efficient for RCS production. The lower RCS yield in the case of the Ar/O2 plasma jet was mainly due to the higher RCS quenching. At a low production rate, RCS can be produced in the open air. Viability tests showed that HepG2 cells were more sensitive to H2O2 than RCS.

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“…Under acidic conditions in the presence of H 2 O 2 ,

{<mpadded xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">\mathrm{NO}</mpadded>}_{2}^{-}

is converted to

{<mpadded xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">\mathrm{NO}</mpadded>}_{3}^{-}

via the following reaction [ 50 ] :

{\rm{N}}{<mpadded xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">{\rm{O}}</mpadded>}_{2}^{-}+{{\rm{H}}}_{2}{{\rm{O}}}_{2}+{{\rm{H}}}^{+}\to {\rm{N}}{<mpadded xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">{\rm{O}}</mpadded>}_{3}^{-}+{{\rm{H}}}_{2}{\rm{O}}+{{\rm{H}}}^{+}.

…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…At a higher pH, Reaction () becomes unimportant, resulting in

{<mpadded xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">\mathrm{NO}</mpadded>}_{2}^{-}

concentrations equal to or higher than the

{<mpadded xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">\mathrm{NO}</mpadded>}_{3}^{-}

concentration. [ 50 ] Thus, in plasma‐treated saline with pH >6 (Figure 3 inset), more

{<mpadded xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">\mathrm{NO}</mpadded>}_{2}^{-}

was available for RCS quenching in Reaction ().…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Plasma Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 95%

Section: Plasma Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

The production of reactive chlorine species (RCS) by argon and helium plasma jets and the sensitivity of liver cancer cell HepG2 to RCS and H₂O₂ treatment

Raud,

Aarik

et al. 2023

Plasma Processes & Polymers

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“…Substances produced by collisions in the gas–liquid phase dissolve in water, eventually forming NO 2 – /NO 3 – . , This gaseous NOx reacts in contact with the water layer. NO x is slowly converted to HNO xaq .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Highly Efficient Ammonia Synthesis by Gas–Liquid Interface Pulsed Discharge Plasma: A Synthesis Method without Hydrogen

Wang,

Sun

et al. 2023

ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng.

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In order to replace the traditional high-energy synthetic ammonia method, new synthetic ammonia technologies and methods are developing day by day. In this investigation, a gas−liquid interface pulsed discharge plasma technology is proposed, which uses only nitrogen and pure water to synthesize ammonia efficiently at room temperature and atmospheric pressure without injecting hydrogen gas and catalyst. The effects of the reactor structure, gas flow rate, and pulse power parameters on the synthesis of ammonia were studied experimentally, and the parameters were optimized. The results show that under the optimum conditions of the electrode distance gas−liquid ratio 10:4 and the discharge time 5 min, the maximum ammonia production was 7.67 mg/h and the energy consumption is 0.68 g/kW h, but the selectivity was highest when the electrode space gas−liquid ratio was 10:7. In addition, radicals and active substances in the reaction process were measured and analyzed by emission spectroscopy and chemical analysis. The transient behavior of ammonia production and the mechanism of ammonia formation were studied. The application of this method provides a new technical direction for improving the rate of ammonia synthesis and for research of sustainable nitrogen fixation.

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Fixation of air nitrogen to ammonia and nitrate using cathodic plasma and anodic plasma in the air plasma electrolysis method

Saksono,

Suryawinata,

Zakaria

et al. 2023

Env Prog and Sustain Energy

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The fixation of nitrogen (N2) from the air into ammonia (NH3) and nitrate (NO3−) is usually conducted using the Haber–Bosch process, which requires the raw material of hydrocarbons for hydrogen (H2), which has a large amount of energy but produces high CO2 emissions. An environmentally friendly and energy‐saving alternative is the air plasma electrolysis method, which can be used to synthesize NH3 and NO3− under ambient conditions. In this study, this method was used to inject air into the plasma zone in a K2SO4 electrolyte solution to produce N2 fixation compounds. The results showed that the use of cathodic plasma promoted the formation of NH3 but suppressed NO3− production. The optimal air injection rate was achieved at 0.6 L.min−1 and an electrical power of 452 W, with a total fixed N2 of 51.66 mmol. The highest formation of NO3− in cathodic plasma was obtained in 35 min, with a value of 29.92 mmol, and 2.57 mmol NH3 was achieved at 60 min. The high concentration of H2 gas, which is a by‐product of this process, can contribute to increasing the use of Haber–Bosch green technology in the production of NH3.

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Nitrite and Nitrate Production by NO and NO2 Dissolution in Water Utilizing Plasma Jet Resembling Gas Flow Pattern

Cited by 8 publications

References 50 publications

The production of reactive chlorine species (RCS) by argon and helium plasma jets and the sensitivity of liver cancer cell HepG2 to RCS and H₂O₂ treatment

The production of reactive chlorine species (RCS) by argon and helium plasma jets and the sensitivity of liver cancer cell HepG2 to RCS and H₂O₂ treatment

Highly Efficient Ammonia Synthesis by Gas–Liquid Interface Pulsed Discharge Plasma: A Synthesis Method without Hydrogen

Fixation of air nitrogen to ammonia and nitrate using cathodic plasma and anodic plasma in the air plasma electrolysis method

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Nitrite and Nitrate Production by NO and NO2 Dissolution in Water Utilizing Plasma Jet Resembling Gas Flow Pattern

Cited by 8 publications

References 50 publications

The production of reactive chlorine species (RCS) by argon and helium plasma jets and the sensitivity of liver cancer cell HepG2 to RCS and H2O2 treatment

The production of reactive chlorine species (RCS) by argon and helium plasma jets and the sensitivity of liver cancer cell HepG2 to RCS and H2O2 treatment

Highly Efficient Ammonia Synthesis by Gas–Liquid Interface Pulsed Discharge Plasma: A Synthesis Method without Hydrogen

Fixation of air nitrogen to ammonia and nitrate using cathodic plasma and anodic plasma in the air plasma electrolysis method

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

The production of reactive chlorine species (RCS) by argon and helium plasma jets and the sensitivity of liver cancer cell HepG2 to RCS and H₂O₂ treatment

The production of reactive chlorine species (RCS) by argon and helium plasma jets and the sensitivity of liver cancer cell HepG2 to RCS and H₂O₂ treatment