Nitrite in breast milk: roles in neonatal pathophysiology

Kobayashi, Jun

doi:10.1038/s41390-020-01247-y

Cited by 11 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 75 publications

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“…Saliva may be of particular importance for the nitrate/nitrite/ NO cycle (Kobayashi 2021). Our study design is not able to answer these questions.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 91%

“…Many of the low-molecular-mass analytes we measured in the breast milk samples, including native and modified amino acids, nitrite, nitrate and creatinine, may also originate from the maternal blood and from other non-mammary gland cells, as well as from the nutrition of the lactating women and the saliva of mothers and neonates. Saliva may be of particular importance for the nitrate/nitrite/NO cycle (Kobayashi 2021 ). Our study design is not able to answer these questions.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Possible role of SIRT1 and SIRT3 in post-translational modifications in human breast milk during the neonatal period

et al. 2022

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We measured free and proteinic concentrations of native and modified amino acids from post-translational modifications (PTMs) and correlated them with the activity of SIRT1 and SIRT3 in the pellet and aqueous phases of human breast milk samples of ten lactating women during the neonatal period. SIRT1 and SIRT3 correlated directly with citrullination, asymmetric dimethylation and glycation of L-arginine, hydroxylation and glycation of L-lysine. SIRT1 and SIRT3 correlated inversely with the hydroxylation of L-proline. SIRT1 and SITR3 tended to correlate inversely with oxidative stress measured as malondialdehyde. Our study suggests that SIRT1 and SIRT3 may modulate PTMs in human breast milk cells.

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“…Saliva may be of particular importance for the nitrate/nitrite/ NO cycle (Kobayashi 2021). Our study design is not able to answer these questions.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 91%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Possible role of SIRT1 and SIRT3 in post-translational modifications in human breast milk during the neonatal period

et al. 2022

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“…Breast milk rich in nitrites plays a role in the prevention of neonatal infections and gastrointestinal diseases by ensuring the bioavailability of nitric oxide. Nitric oxide, under a, so far, unexplained mechanism, helps the child adapt to the extrauterine environment [ 77 ].…”

Section: Direct Additives In Children’s Nutritionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Additives in Children’s Nutrition—A Review of Current Events

Savin

Vrkatić

Dedić

et al. 2022

IJERPH

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Additives are defined as substances added to food with the aim of preserving and improving safety, freshness, taste, texture, or appearance. While indirect additives can be found in traces in food and come from materials used for packaging, storage, and technological processing of food, direct additives are added to food with a special purpose (canning). The use of additives is justified if it is in accordance with legal regulations and does not pose a health or danger to consumers in the prescribed concentration. However, due to the specificity of the child’s metabolic system, there is a greater risk that the negative effects of the additive will manifest. Considering the importance of the potential negative impact of additives on children’s health and the increased interest in the control and monitoring of additives in food for children, we have reviewed the latest available literature available through PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar. Expert data were taken from publicly available documents published from January 2010 to April 2022 by internationally recognized professional organizations. It was found that the most frequently present additives in the food consumed by children are bisphenols, phthalates, perfluoroalkyl chemicals, perchlorates, pesticides, nitrates and nitrites, artificial food colors, monosodium glutamate, and aspartame. Increasing literacy about the presence and potential risk through continuous education of parents and young people as well as active monitoring of newly registered additives and harmonization of existing legal regulations by competent authorities can significantly prevent the unwanted effects of additives on children’s health.

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“…Nitric oxide (NO) and its metabolites serve as essential mediators in various physiological processes in the human body including neurotransmission, the regulation of vascular tone, host defense, and cellular respiration [9]. Nitrite and nitrate (referred to collectively, herein, as NOx), which are both relatively high in concentration in human milk [10], are believed to be involved in the physiological adaptation of infants to extrauterine life and may be involved in the process of lactation [11]. During the neonatal period, the infant has an immature immune system, less acidic gastric juices, and reduced bacterial communities in the mouth, which are all associated with increased susceptibility to infections.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Total Nitrite and Nitrate Concentration in Human Milk and Saliva during the First 60 Days Postpartum—A Pilot Study

Ericson,

McGuire,

Svärd

et al. 2024

Biomedicines

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Nitric oxide (NO) in human milk may have important functions in lactation and infant health. This longitudinal pilot cohort study investigated the total nitrite and nitrate (NOx) concentration in human milk and maternal saliva during the first 60 days postpartum. Additionally, we explored the association between selected breastfeeding variables and milk and saliva NOx concentration. Human milk and maternal saliva samples were collected on days 2, 5, 14, 30, and 60 postpartum and analyzed for NOx concentration. Breastfeeding data were collected through self-assessed questions. Data analyses were performed using mixed models. The concentration of NOx in milk was significantly higher during the first 30 days compared to day 60, and there was a positive association between milk and saliva NOx concentrations throughout the entire study period. In absolute numbers, partially breastfeeding mothers had a lower concentration of NOx in milk on day 2 compared to exclusively breastfeeding mothers (8 vs. 15.1 μM, respectively). Partially breastfeeding mothers reported a later start of secretory activation and fewer mothers in this group started breastfeeding within the first hour after birth. Due to the small numbers, these differences could not be statistically evaluated. Further research is warranted to elucidate the role of NO in lactation success and breastfeeding outcomes.

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Nitrite in breast milk: roles in neonatal pathophysiology

Cited by 11 publications

References 75 publications

Possible role of SIRT1 and SIRT3 in post-translational modifications in human breast milk during the neonatal period

Possible role of SIRT1 and SIRT3 in post-translational modifications in human breast milk during the neonatal period

Additives in Children’s Nutrition—A Review of Current Events

Total Nitrite and Nitrate Concentration in Human Milk and Saliva during the First 60 Days Postpartum—A Pilot Study

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