Nitrite in Human Saliva. Its Possible Relationship to Nitrosamine Formation23

Tannenbaum, S.R.; Sinskey, Anthony J.; Weisman, M.; Bishop, Walter W.

doi:10.1093/jnci/53.1.79

Cited by 227 publications

(95 citation statements)

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“…Nitrite may derive from nitrate by the flora of the mouth or stomach (human saliva typically contains 6-10 mg/L nitrite and 15-35 mg/L nitrate [27] , and further react with secondary amines to give rise to N-nitroso compounds which are strong carcinogens suspected of playing a role in upper gastrointestinal carcinogenesis [28] because of their spontaneous synthesis from dietary components and their ability to alkylate nucleic acids. This "N-nitroso compounds" theory has provided a potential explanation for some geographic regions at a very high risk for gastric cancer [29] .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Carcinogenic potential of duodenal reflux juice from patients with long-standing postgastrectomy

Wang²,

Zhang³

et al. 2001

WJG

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AIM To determine whether study on the carcinogenic potential of reflux juice from patients with remote gastrectomy could clarify the inherent relationship between duodenal reflux and gastric stump cancer. METHODS A total of 37 reflux juice samples (13 BillrothI, 24 BillrothII) were employed in the present study. A two-stage transformation assay using BALB/c 3T3 cells was carried out to test the initiating or promoting activity of these samples. RESULTS Two of 18 (11.1%) reflux samples exerted initiating activities, whereas 9/19 (47. 4%) samples enhanced the MNNG-initiating cell transformation, suggesting the duodenal reflux juice might more frequently possess the tumorpromoter activity (P = 0.029). In addition, there was no difference in initiating activities of the samples irrespective of surgical procedures (P = 0.488), while Billroth II samples exhibited stronger tumor-promoter activity than Billroth I samples (P = 0.027). Furthermore, the promoter activities were well correlated with the histological changes of the stomas (r s = 0.625, P = 0.004), but neither their cytotoxicities nor initiating activities had this correlation (Probabilities were 0.523 and 0.085, respectively

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Carcinogenic potential of duodenal reflux juice from patients with long-standing postgastrectomy

Wang²,

Zhang³

et al. 2001

WJG

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“…Salivary nitrate reduction by the oral bacteria contributes to the major nitrite exposure in the human body [21]. In the oral cavity, salivary nitrate will be utilized by bacteria that are capable of rapidly reducing nitrate to nitrite as part of their respiration.…”

Section: Denitrification Effect On Dental Caries Formationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This would be the reason why nitrogen oxides are significantly higher in poor oral hygiene individuals than those with good oral hygiene who have thinner dental biofilm [22]. Many anaerobic facultative bacteria synthesize nitrate reductase in low oxygen tension [9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24], hence, reduction can take place in the thick biofilm or deep tongue crypts [23]. In thick cariogenic plaque, the low pH level allows the production of acidified nitrite.…”

Section: Denitrification Effect On Dental Caries Formationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Nitric oxide antibacterial effects are thought to include DNA modifications and interactions with other reactive species; for example, reaction with superoxide produces the highly reactive molecule peroxynitrite [27]. Therefore, nitrate recycling and the availability of large amounts of nitrite in the oral cavity would result in bacteriostatic and possibly bacteriocidal effects which subsequently limit the survival of acidogenic bacteria and decrease caries formation [11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26].…”

Section: Denitrification Effect On Dental Caries Formationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Role of Nuclear Factor Kappa B in Periodontal Diseases

Younis¹

2017

JDHODT

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Periodontal (gum) diseases are inflammatory conditions caused by microbial dental biofilm. Chronic periodontitis is the most common form of the periodontal diseases result in loss of connective tissue attachment and supporting bone that may eventually result in loss of teeth. Nuclear factor kappa B (NF-kB) is a key regulator during inflammatory process involving the gingiva and alveolar bone of teeth. In this paper, we explain the role of NF-kB in the destructive process of teeth supporting tissues.

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“…Firstly, the theoretical possibility of forming carcinogenic N-nitroso compounds in food to which these ions are added and in humans in vivo, due to nitrosation of secondary amines also present in the diet or ingested as drug therapy [37]. Nitrosation of amines and other chemicals will occur rapidly under acidic conditions (such as in the human stomach) when nitrite is present, due to the formation of nitrous acid [42].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nitrates in the human diet - good or bad?

Benjamin

2000

Ann. Zootech.

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-Although the nitrate and nitrite have been used for centuries, it has only recently been discovered that nitrate is manufactured in mammals by the oxidation of nitric oxide and that the nitrate formed also has the potential for disinfecting the food we eat. The mechanisms by which nitric oxide and other nitrogen oxides provide selective toxicity towards pathogens is not yet completely understood, and it is likely that the mechanisms will be different with different organisms. Whereas it is clear that acidified nitrite is produced on mucosal surfaces, and that this combination is effective in killing a variety of human gut and skin pathogens, there is no definite evidence as yet that this mechanism is truly protective in humans exposed to a contaminated environment. Further understanding of the complex chemistry of nitrogen oxides may also help develop new antimicrobial therapies based on augmenting what seems to be a simple and effective host defence system. nitrates / nitrites / human diet / healthRésumé -Les nitrates dans l'alimentation humaine : une bonne ou une mauvaise chose ? Bien que les nitrates soient connus depuis des siècles, c'est seulement depuis peu qu'il a été décou-vert que les nitrates sont synthétisés chez les mammifères à partir du monoxyde d'azote, et que les nitrates formés ont la capacité de tuer les bactéries présentes dans les aliments consommés. Les mécanismes par lesquels le monoxyde d'azote et d'autres oxydes d'azote manifestent une toxicité sélec-tive vis-à-vis de bactéries pathogènes ne sont pas encore totalement élucidés. Il est probable que ces mécanismes dépendent des organismes considérés. Alors qu'il est clair que les nitrites acidifiés sont produits à la surface des muqueuses, et que cela permet de tuer de nombreux agents pathogènes de la peau et de l'intestin de l'Homme, une incertitude demeure quant aux mécanismes de protection réels de l'Homme exposé à un environnement contaminé. Une meilleure compréhension de la chimie complexe des oxydes d'azote permettra d'aider au développement de nouvelles thérapies antibacté-riennes fondées sur l'accroissement de ce qui semble être un système de défense de l'hôte simple et efficace.nitrates / nitrites / alimentation humaine / santé humaine

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Nitrite in Human Saliva. Its Possible Relationship to Nitrosamine Formation23

Cited by 227 publications

References 0 publications

Carcinogenic potential of duodenal reflux juice from patients with long-standing postgastrectomy

Carcinogenic potential of duodenal reflux juice from patients with long-standing postgastrectomy

The Role of Nuclear Factor Kappa B in Periodontal Diseases

Nitrates in the human diet - good or bad?

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