Nitrite-Responsive Hydrogel: Smart Drug Release Depending on the Severity of the Nitric Oxide-Related Disease

Abstract

Nitric oxide (NO) is known as one of the most important biomarkers of many diseases. However, the development of NO-triggered drug releasing platforms is challenging due to the low concentration and short lifetime of NO in vivo. In this work, a novel nitrite (NO2 –)-responsive hydrogel (DHPL-GEL), which can be used for smart drug release depending on the severity of the NO-related disease, is demonstrated. A dihydropyridine cross-linking agent is designed to construct DHPL-GEL to enable the responsive degradation of the hydrogel triggered by NO2 –. On-demand release of the drug loaded in DHPL-GEL was observed under the stimulation of various concentrations of NO2 – at the physiological level both in vitro and in vivo. In the inflammatory arthritis rat model, the DHPL-GEL drug delivery system showed a better therapeutic effect and less side effects than the traditional therapy and nonresponsive hydrogel drug delivery system, demonstrating the promising application of the NO2 –-responsive hydrogel for the treatment of NO-related diseases.

Smart stimuli-responsive drug delivery systems in spotlight of COVID-19

“…In a study, Xiong et al. [28] synthesized a NO 2 _ responsive polyacrylamide hydrogel with a dihydropyridine cross-linker. Methotrexate was loaded into the hydrogel and used for inflammatory arthritis treatment ( Fig.…”

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Injectable reactive oxygen and nitrogen species-controlling hydrogels for tissue regeneration: current status and future perspectives

“…A novel nitrite ( )-responsive hydrogel for smart drug release, depending on the severity of NO-related diseases, was introduced by Liang et al . [ 79 ]. Compared to other NO-triggered drug-releasing platforms, this ( )-responsive hydrogel is predicted to be more sensitive because of the higher concentration of than NO in vivo (10–100 times).…”

An Insight into Skeletal Networks Analysis for Smart Hydrogels

“…These disease-related molecules or biomarkers are also popular targets for biochemical detection. [240,241] Therefore, the target responsive hydrogels are not only suitable for biochemical analysis but also inspired the designs of a variety of smart delivery systems. In the absence of advanced fabrication, the polymers capable of molecular interaction and recognition, such as hyaluronic acid, have been used for targeted delivery in the form of drug-loaded hydrogels and functionalized nanoparticles.…”