Nitrite scavenging effect by flavonoids and its structure-effect relationship

Choi, Jae Sue; Park, Si Hyang; Choi, Jin-Ho

doi:10.1007/bf02855742

Cited by 31 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…Nitrite is highly toxic and the excessive presence of nitrites in the body leads to negative effects, such as the oxidation of hemoglobin, which can cause methemoglobinemia [46], and acts in many tissues to regulate a diverse range of physiological processes [47]. Therefore, the removal of nitrite from natural food is important.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Extraction, Structural Characterization, and Potential Antioxidant Activity of the Polysaccharides from Four Seaweeds

Chen

et al. 2016

IJMS

112

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Four seaweed polysaccharides were extracted from Sarcodia ceylonensis, Ulva lactuca L., Gracilaria lemaneiformis, and Durvillaea antarctica, respectively, by microwave-assisted extraction. The effect of three significant variables (extraction time, extraction temperature, and the ratio of water to raw material) on the process for extracting polysaccharides was investigated, along with the optimization of the extraction using the response surface method (RSM) with a Box–Behnken design. The polysaccharide structure, monosaccharide composition, degree of sulfation, and molecular weight (MW) distribution were analyzed by infrared (IR) spectrometry, gas chromatography (GC), and high-performance gel permeation chromatography (HPGPC). IR spectrometry showed that Sarcodia ceylonensis polysaccharide (SCP), Ulva lactuca L. polysaccharide (ULLP), and Durvillaea antarctica polysaccharide (DAP) were all sulfated polysaccharides and, except Gracilaria lemaneiformis polysaccharide (GLP), all belong to β-pyranosidic polysaccharides. The average molecular weight (MW) of SCP, ULLP, GLP, and DAP was 466, 404, 591, and 482 kDa, respectively. The quantitative and comparative results with external standards indicated that the main monosaccharide in SCP and ULLP was mannose; and GLP and DAP were mainly composed of galactose and glucose, respectively. Then the in vitro antioxidant activity of all of the polysaccharides was evaluated using different assays—2,2–azino –bis (3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6- sulfonate) (ABTS), hydroxyl radical, nitrite scavenging capacity, and reducing power—and the relationship between their antioxidant activity and chemical characteristics were also examined. ULLP presented the highest ABTS radical scavenging activity; ULLP, SCP and DAP also showed a strong effect on the ABTS radical scavenging activity. SCP and ULLP exhibited excellent hydroxyl radical scavenging activities, about 83.33% ± 2.31% and 80.07% ± 2.17%, respectively, at 4 mg/mL. The reducing power of DAP was relatively more pronounced than that of the three other polysaccharides. However, the nitrite scavenging activities of the four seaweed polysaccharides were weaker than other antioxidant activity (ABTS), hydroxyl radical scavenging capacity, and reducing power. In addition, GLP exhibited lower activities than the other three samples in all of the tests for the antioxidant activity.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Extraction, Structural Characterization, and Potential Antioxidant Activity of the Polysaccharides from Four Seaweeds

Chen

et al. 2016

IJMS

112

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“…High quality dihydrorhodamine 123 (DHR 123) and peroxynitrite were purchased from Molecular Probes (Eugene, Oregon, USA), and Cayman Chemical (Ann Arbor, MI, USA), respectively. Flavonoids were extracted and purified according to a published procedure, and the purification was confirmed by MS, UV and NMR spectroscopies (Choi et al, 1989(Choi et al, , 1990(Choi et al, , 1994Lee et al, 1998;Park et al, 1991). All flavonoids used were over 95% pure.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The structure–activity relationship of flavonoids as scavengers of peroxynitrite

Choi

Chung

Kang

et al. 2002

Phytotherapy Research

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111

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Peroxynitrite is a cytotoxic intermediate produced by the reaction between a superoxide anion radical and nitric oxide. The scavenging activities of flavonoids on peroxynitrite were investigated to illustrate the structure-activity relationship. Peroxynitrite was scavenged by the presence of various flavonoids, whose structures seem to be closely related to the degree of scavenging. Of 31 compounds tested, the most active was quercetin, with an IC50 value of 0.93 microM. Others had IC50 values ranging from 0.96 to more than 10 microM. The scavenging activity was postulated to be governed by the position of the hydroxyl group. Ortho-hydroxyl structures increased the scavenging activity on peroxynitrite.

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“…The IC 50 values were 1.09 and 1.58 mg/ml, respectively, for the water and ethanol extracts, indicating that the scavenging activity of the water extract was significantly more potent than that of the ethanol extract (P < 0.05; Table 2). Previously, Choi et al (1989) reported that phenolic compounds, that occur naturally in plants, may inhibit the formation of nitrosamine. Therefore, the high phenolic content of the GJE extracts might be responsible for the increased nitritescavenging activity.…”

Section: Extractmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Nitrite scavenging activity was performed as reported elsewhere (Choi, Park, & Choi, 1989;Lee et al, 2009). Briefly, 1 ml of each sample or standard reagent at various concentrations, from 0.125-2.0 mg/ml, was mixed with 1 ml of NaNO 2 (1 mM); 0.1 N HCl was added dropwise until the pH was 2.0.…”

Section: Nitrite-scavenging Activitymentioning

confidence: 99%