Nitrogen and Phosphorous Co‐Doped Graphene Monolith for Supercapacitors

Wen, Yangyang; Rufford, Thomas E.; Hulicova‐Jurcakova, Denisa; Wang, Luyao

doi:10.1002/cssc.201501303

Cited by 91 publications

(55 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…289 A microwave-assisted technique was used for the synthesis of a N-S dual-doped graphene electrode, which was further used for the development of an articial muscle. 290 Due to their large surface areas, good conductivity, reactivity, stability, enhanced electrochemical performance and good Li ion storage capability, N-S, 291,292 N-F, 293 N-Cl 294 and N-P 295,296 dual-doped graphene materials have been proven to be excellent electrodes for batteries and [292][293][294]296 supercapacitors 294,295 as well as superior catalysts. 293,297 4.7 Concluding remarks and future outlook…”

Section: Substitution Of Two Elements (Dual-doping)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Modulating the electronic and magnetic properties of graphene

et al. 2017

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Graphene, an sp2 hybridized single sheet of carbon atoms organized in a honeycomb lattice, is a zero band gap semiconductor or semimetal. This emerging material has been the subject of recent intensive research due to the novelty of its structural, electronic, optical, mechanical, and magnetic properties. Due to these properties, graphene is a favorable material for the fabrication of electronic devices, transparent electrodes, spintronics devices, and a growing array of several other applications that explore the potential of this marvelous material. However, the lack of intrinsic band gap and nonmagnetic nature of graphene limit its practical applications in the widely expanding field of carbon-based devices. To take advantage of the hidden potential of this material, numerous techniques have been developed to tailor its electronic and magnetic properties. These methods include the mutual interaction between graphene layer and its substrate, doping with surface adatoms, substitutional doping, vacancy creation, and edges and strain manipulation. Herein, an overview of recently emerging innovative techniques adopted to tailor the electronic and magnetic properties of graphene is presented. The limitations, possible directions for future research and applications in diverse fields of these methods are also mentionedpublishersversionPeer reviewe

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Section: Substitution Of Two Elements (Dual-doping)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Modulating the electronic and magnetic properties of graphene

et al. 2017

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“…Nitrogen and phosphorus belong in the same family; therefore, they show higher electron-donating ability which further shows stronger n-type behaviour. 358 The defects induced by co-doping (N and P) is predicated to bring about a highly localized state which is close to the Fermi level, especially for electrocatalysis. 359 However, N and P-doped graphene can also be applied in DSSCs as metal-free electrocatalyst.…”

Section: Phosphorus-doped Graphene In Dsscsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Heteroatom-doped graphene and its application as a counter electrode in dye-sensitized solar cells

2018

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Summary The most frequently used counter electrode (CE) in dye‐sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) is platinum on fluorine‐doped tin oxide glass. This electrode has excellent electrical conductivity, chemical stability, and high electrocatalytic affinity for the reduction of triiodide. However, the high cost of metallic platinum and the poor electrochemical stability pose a major drawback in the commercial production. This has necessitated a search for a non‐precious metal and metal‐free electrocatalyst that demonstrates better catalytic activity and longer electrochemical stability for practical use in DSSCs. Graphene has been at the centre of attention due to its excellent optoelectronic properties. However, a defect‐free graphene sheet is not suitable as a CE in DSSCs, because of its neutral polarity which often restricts efficient charge transfer at the graphene/liquid interface, irrespective of the high in‐plane charge mobility. Hence, heteroatom‐doped graphene‐based CEs are being developed with the aim to balance electrical conductivity for efficient charge transfer and charge polarization for enhanced reduction activity of redox couples simultaneously. The elements commonly used in chemical doping of graphene are nitrogen, oxygen, boron, sulfur, and phosphorus. Halogens have also recently shown great promise. It has been demonstrated that edge‐selective heteroatom‐doping of graphene imparts both efficient in‐plane charge transfers and polarity, thereby enhancing electrocatalytic activity. Thus, heteroatom‐doped graphene serves as a good material to replace conventional electrodes and enhance power conversion efficiency in DSSCs. The focus is to reduce the cost of DSSCs. This review explores the performance of DSSCs, factors that influence the power conversion efficiency, and various physicochemical properties of graphene. It further outlines current progress on the synthetic approaches for chemical doping (substitutional and surface transfer doping) of graphene and graphene oxide with different heteroatoms in order to fine‐tune the electronic properties. The use of heteroatom‐doped graphene as a CE in DSSCs and how it improves the photovoltaic performance of cells is discussed.

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“…However, as with the IL electrolyte with a high voltage window used, the power characteristics of extremely narrow micropores are still limited, especially under the condition of high specific power. With such a limitation mainly due to the large ionic size of IL, the ion transport resistance in the IL electrolyte is high, which causes a rapid decrease in capacitance, thereby affecting the rate performance of the SC (Kondrat et al, 2012;Merlet et al, 2012;Peng et al, 2014;Wen et al, 2016). Chen et al have found that the pore size region of the favorable capacitors, except for the micropore region, is the mesoporous region (pore size ≈ 2 to 3.5 times ion size of IL; Wang et al, 2016b).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Boosting Specific Energy and Power of Carbon-Ionic Liquid Supercapacitors by Engineering Carbon Pore Structures

et al. 2020

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Carbon-ionic liquid (C-IL) supercapacitors (SCs) promise to provide high capacitance and high operating voltage, and thus high specific energy. It is still highly demanding to enhance the capacitance in order to achieve high power and energy density. We synthesized a high-pore-volume and specific-surface-area activated carbon material with a slit mesoporous structure by two-step processes of carbonization and the activation from polypyrrole. The novel slit-pore-structured carbon materials provide a specific capacity of 310 F g −1 at 0.5 A g −1 for C-IL SCs, which is among one of the highest recorded specific capacitances. The slit mesoporous activated carbons have a maximum ion volume utilization of 74%, which effectively enhances ion storage, and a better interaction with ions in ionic liquid electrolyte, thus providing superior capacitance. We believe that this work provides a new strategy of engineering pore structure to enhance specific capacitance and rate performance of C-IL SCs.

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Nitrogen and Phosphorous Co‐Doped Graphene Monolith for Supercapacitors

Cited by 91 publications

References 42 publications

Modulating the electronic and magnetic properties of graphene

Modulating the electronic and magnetic properties of graphene

Heteroatom-doped graphene and its application as a counter electrode in dye-sensitized solar cells

Boosting Specific Energy and Power of Carbon-Ionic Liquid Supercapacitors by Engineering Carbon Pore Structures

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