Nitrogen and Phosphorus in Runoff from Cattle Manure Compost Windrows of Different Maturities

Larney, Francis J.; Olson, A. R.; Miller, Jim J.; Tovell, Bonnie C.

doi:10.2134/jeq2013.06.0230

Cited by 12 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…The rainfall simulator was calibrated for a rainfall intensity of 98 mm h −1 . Comparable rainfall intensities have been used in previous rainfall simulation studies investigating nutrient runoff (Reiter et al, 2013; Wang et al, 2013a; Larney et al, 2014). …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Limited Dissolved Phosphorus Runoff Losses from Layered Double Hydroxide and Struvite Fertilizers in a Rainfall Simulation Study

et al. 2018

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The enrichment of P in surface waters has been linked to P runoff from agricultural fields amended with fertilizers. Novel slow-release mineral fertilizers, such as struvite and P-exchanged layered double hydroxides (LDHs), have received increasing attention for P recycling from waste streams, and these fertilizers may potentially reduce the risk of runoff losses. Here, a rainfall simulation experiment was performed to evaluate P runoff associated with the application of recycled slow-release fertilizers relative to that of a soluble fertilizer. Monoammonium phosphate (MAP), struvite, and LDH granular fertilizers were broadcasted at equal total P doses on soil packed in trays (5% slope) and covered with perennial ryegrass ( L.). Four rainfall simulation events of 30 min were performed at 1, 5, 15, and 30 d after the fertilizer application. Runoff water from the trays was collected, filtered, and analyzed for dissolved P. For the MAP treatment, P runoff losses were high in the first two rain events and leveled off in later rain events. In total, 42% of the applied P in the MAP treatment was lost due to runoff. In the slow-release fertilizer treatments, P runoff losses were limited to 1.9 (struvite) and 2.4% (LDH) of the applied doses and were more similar over the different rain events. The use of these novel P fertilizer forms could be beneficial in areas with a high risk of surface water eutrophication and a history of intensive fertilization.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Limited Dissolved Phosphorus Runoff Losses from Layered Double Hydroxide and Struvite Fertilizers in a Rainfall Simulation Study

et al. 2018

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“…Most nutrients showed increasing concentrations with runoff volume as occurred with chlortetracycline in runoff from the bedding area of feedlot pens (Sura et al, 2015). Other nutrients, notably NO 3 -N (Larney et al, 2014a), showed decreasing concentrations with runoff volume, as occurred with tylosin after collection of the second liter of runoff on Day 2.…”

Section: Antimicrobial Concentrations In Runoffmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…Thus, concentrations of the three antimicrobials would be expected to be greater in the leachate compared with the corresponding concentrations in the runoff. Other workers (Coker, 2008;Larney et al, 2014a) have indicated that contaminant concentrations in leachate were greater than those in surface runoff.…”

Section: Antimicrobial Concentrations In Runoffmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…Average runoff rates were calculated by dividing total volume of runoff by the duration of the rain simulation event (i.e., time from start of rainfall simulation until runoff ceased). For each rain simulation event, a volumetric runoff coefficient (VRC) was calculated by dividing the total volume of runoff by the volume of the simulated rain incident on the 1-m × 1-m plot (Larney et al, 2014a). The volume of simulated rainfall was calculated from rain intensity and the duration of the rain event on a 1-m 2 area: mm h −1 × h × m 2 = mm m 2 .…”

Section: Sample Collectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Rainfall during composting or stockpiling (3-4 mo) (Larney et al, 2014a) or curing (3-6 mo after composting) (Rynk, 1992) may result in runoff and leachate from the windrows or stockpiles. Such runoff and leachate may contain not only nutrients but also antimicrobials, steroid hormones, and antimicrobial-resistant bacteria along with the resistant genes they harbor.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Transport of Three Antimicrobials in Runoff from Windrows of Composting Beef Cattle Manure

et al. 2016

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Rain runoff from windrowed or stockpiled manure may contain antimicrobials with the potential to contaminate surface and ground water. To quantify the concentration of antimicrobials transported in runoff from windrowed manure, antimicrobials were administered continuously in feed to beef cattle () as follows: 44 mg of chlortetracycline kg feed (dry weight), a 1:1 mixture of 44 mg of chlortetracycline and 44 mg sulfamethazine kg feed, and 11 mg of tylosin kg feed. Cattle in a fourth treatment group received no antimicrobials (control). Manure from the cattle was used to construct two windrows per treatment. On Days 2 and 21 of composting, a portable Guelph Rainfall Simulator II was used to apply deionized water at an intensity of 127 mm h to each windrow, and the runoff was collected. Manure samples were collected before rain simulations on Days 2 and 21 of composting for antimicrobial analysis. On Day 2, average concentrations of chlortetracycline, sulfamethazine, and tylosin in manure were 2580, 450, and 120 μg kg, respectively, with maximum concentrations in runoff of 2740, 3600, and 4930 μg L, respectively. Concentrations of all three antimicrobials in runoff were higher ( < 0.05) on Day 2 than on Day 21, reflecting the higher concentrations in manure on Day 2. Maximum estimated masses of chlortetracycline, sulfamethazine, and tylosin that could be transported in runoff from a windrow (3 m long, 2.5 m wide, 1.5 m high) were approximately 0.87 to 0.94, 1.57, and 1.23 g, respectively. This study demonstrates the importance of windrow composting in reducing antimicrobial concentrations in manure. The runoff from windrows can be a source of antimicrobials and demonstrates the need for containment of runoff from composting facilities to mitigate antimicrobial contamination of surface and groundwater resources.

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Nitrogen process in stormwater bioretention: the impact of alternate drying and rewetting on nitrogen migration and transformation

Chen

Liu

et al. 2021

Environ Sci Pollut Res

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Nitrogen migration and transformation in the stormwater bioretention system were studied in laboratory experiments, in which the effects of drying-rewetting were particularly investigated. The occurrence and distribution of nitrogen in the plants, the soil, and the pore water were explored under different dryingrewetting cycles. The results clearly showed that bioretention system could remove nitrogen e ciently in all drying-rewetting cycles. The incoming nitrogen could be retained in the topsoil (0-10 cm) and accumulated in the planted layer. However, the overlong dry periods (12 and 22 days) cause an increase in nitrate in the pore water. In addition, nitrogen is mostly stored in the plants' stem tissues. Up to 23.26% of the in owing nitrogen can be immobilized in plant organ after a dry period of 22 days. In addition, the relationships between nitrogen reductase activity in the soil and soil nitrogen content were explored. The increase of soil TN content could enhance the activity of nitrate reductase. Meanwhile, the activity of hydroxylamine reductase (HyR) could be enhanced with the increase of soil NO 3 − content. These results provide a reference for the future development of nitrogen transformation mechanism and the construction of stormwater bioretention systems.

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Nitrogen and Phosphorus in Runoff from Cattle Manure Compost Windrows of Different Maturities

Cited by 12 publications

References 52 publications

Limited Dissolved Phosphorus Runoff Losses from Layered Double Hydroxide and Struvite Fertilizers in a Rainfall Simulation Study

Limited Dissolved Phosphorus Runoff Losses from Layered Double Hydroxide and Struvite Fertilizers in a Rainfall Simulation Study

Transport of Three Antimicrobials in Runoff from Windrows of Composting Beef Cattle Manure

Nitrogen process in stormwater bioretention: the impact of alternate drying and rewetting on nitrogen migration and transformation

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