Nitrogen and sulfur co-doped graphene counter electrodes with synergistically enhanced performance for dye-sensitized solar cells

Kannan, Aravindaraj G.; Zhao, Jun; Jo, Sung Geun; Kang, Yong Soo; Kim, Dong-Won

doi:10.1039/c4ta01927j

Cited by 133 publications

(99 citation statements)

References 53 publications

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“…The high-resolution spectrum of C1s in NS-MCs (Fig. 4B) can be deconvoluted into several single peaks, corresponding to C-C (284.6 eV, C1), C-O,C-N&C-S (285.1 eV, C2) and O=C&-NH 2 (288.8 eV, C3) further confirming that N and S heteroatoms have been successfully doped into the carbon foams [36,37]. The N1s peaks in the XPS spectra of NS-MC composites and PANi were fitted into three peaks: pyridinic N (N1), pyrrolic N (N2) and graphitic N (N3) at the binding energies of around 398.0, 399.8 and 401.3 eV, respectively (Fig.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 50%

Facile Synthesis of Nitrogen and Sulfur Dual-doped Hierarchical Micro/mesoporous Carbon Foams as Efficient Metal-free Electrocatalysts for Oxygen Reduction Reaction

Jiang

Sun

Dai

et al. 2015

Electrochimica Acta

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 50%

Facile Synthesis of Nitrogen and Sulfur Dual-doped Hierarchical Micro/mesoporous Carbon Foams as Efficient Metal-free Electrocatalysts for Oxygen Reduction Reaction

Jiang

Sun

Dai

et al. 2015

Electrochimica Acta

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“…Graphite oxide prepared using modified Hummers method 25 , was exfoliated in ethanol using sonication to form graphene oxide (GO), and GO (30 mg of GO dispersed in 15 ml ethanol) was coated onto the FTO substrates by spin coating at various spin speeds (3000-6000 rpm). Hematite nanorods on FTO and GO modified FTO substrates were prepared by a simple hydrothermal method as reported by Vayssieres et al 26 High temperature sintering (800 °C for 10 min) is carried out, which is believed to be important for activation the hematite photoanodes.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of Graphene Oxide as a Sacrificial Interlayer for Enhanced Photoelectrochemical Water Oxidation of Hematite Nanorods

et al. 2015

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Photoelectrochemical cells (PECs) with a structure of F-doped SnO 2 (FTO)/graphene oxide (GO)/hematite (α-Fe 2 O 3 ) photoanode were fabricated, in which GO serves as a sacrificial underlayer layer. In contrast to low temperature sintering carried out under a normal atmosphere, high temperature sintering was carried out for the GO underlayer-based hematite photoanodes. The photocurrent density of the PECs with GO underlayers gradually increased as the spin speed of the FTO substrate increased. In particular, GO at a spin speed of 5,000 rpm showed the highest photocurrent of 1.3 mA/cm 2 . The higher performance of the GO/α-Fe 2 O 3 photoanodes was attributed to the improved FTO/α-Fe 2 O 3 interface. When sintered at 800°C for activation of the hematite (FTO/GO/α-Fe 2 O 3 ) photoanodes, the GO layers before being decomposed act as localized hot zones at the FTO/α-Fe 2 O 3 interface. These localized hot zones play a very crucial role in reducing the micro strain (increased crystallinity) which was confirmed from the synchrotron X-ray diffraction studies. The sacrificial GO underlayer may contribute to relaxing the inhomogeneous internal strain of the α-Fe 2 O 3 nanorods and reducing the deformation of FTO to an extent. In other words, the reduction of the micro strain minimizes the lattice imperfections and defects at the FTO/α-Fe 2 O 3 interface, which may enhance the charge collection efficiency, as demonstrated by the impedance measurements. From the EXAFS analysis, it is clearly evident that the sacrificial GO underlayer does not affect the structure of α-Fe 2 O 3 in the short range. The effects of the GO sacrificial layers are restricted to the FTO/α-Fe 2 O 3 interface and they do not affect the bulk properties of α-Fe 2 O 3 .

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“…150 SNG prepared through the post-annealing process has been extensively studied. [151][152][153][154][155][156][157] We prepared macroporous SNG by annealing GO at 900 °C in Ar using melamine and BDS as the doping sources, and colloidal silica spheres as the hard template. 151 The S-doping level was 2.0 at.% with pure thiophene-S bonding; and the N-doping level was 4.5 at.% in the form of pyridinic, pyrrolic and graphitic-N. Wang et al indicated that the doping level in SNG was dependent on the reaction temperature; namely, the overall content of S and N dopants decreased with increasing temperature, with N content decreasing and S content increasing, indicating that an effective S-doping requires higher temperature.…”

Section: S and N-doped Graphene (Sng) The In Situ Cvd Synthesis Of Smentioning

confidence: 99%

Heteroatom-Doped Graphene-Based Materials for Energy-Relevant Electrocatalytic Processes

et al. 2015

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To address the aggravating energy and environment issues, the cheap, highly active, and durable electrocatalysts as noble metal substitutes both at the anode and cathode are actively pursued. Among them, heteroatom-doped graphene-based materials show extraordinary electrocatalytic performance, some even close to or outperforming the state-of-the-art noble metals such as Pt and IrO 2 -based materials. This review provides a concise appraisal on graphene doping methods, the possible doping configurations and their unique electrochemical properties, including single-and double-doping with N, B, S, and P. In addition, heteroatom-doped graphene-based materials are reviewed as electrocatalysts for oxygen reduction (ORR), hydrogen evolution (HER), and oxygen evolution reactions (OER) in terms of their electrocatalytic mechanisms and performance. Significantly, three-dimensional (3D) heteroatom-doped graphene structures have been discussed, especially those that can be directly utilized as catalyst electrodes without extra binders and supports.

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Nitrogen and sulfur co-doped graphene counter electrodes with synergistically enhanced performance for dye-sensitized solar cells

Abstract: Uniform co-doping of nitrogen and sulfur on graphene effectively catalyzes the triiodide reduction, resulting in high conversion efficiency of DSSCs.

Cited by 133 publications

References 53 publications

Facile Synthesis of Nitrogen and Sulfur Dual-doped Hierarchical Micro/mesoporous Carbon Foams as Efficient Metal-free Electrocatalysts for Oxygen Reduction Reaction

Facile Synthesis of Nitrogen and Sulfur Dual-doped Hierarchical Micro/mesoporous Carbon Foams as Efficient Metal-free Electrocatalysts for Oxygen Reduction Reaction

Role of Graphene Oxide as a Sacrificial Interlayer for Enhanced Photoelectrochemical Water Oxidation of Hematite Nanorods

Heteroatom-Doped Graphene-Based Materials for Energy-Relevant Electrocatalytic Processes

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