Nitrogen- and TiN-modified Li4Ti5O12: one-step synthesis and electrochemical performance optimization

Wan, Zinan; Cai, Rui; Jiang, Simin; Shao, Zongping

doi:10.1039/c2jm33346e

Cited by 114 publications

(85 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…S4). It can be observed that the , which can be assigned to Ti 3+ 2p 3/2 , and Ti 3+ 2p 1/2 , respectively, implying the presence of Ti 3+ in the LTO-N sample [33]. The existence of Ti 3+ is consistent with the result of HRTEM image in Fig.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 91%

Nitridated mesoporous Li4Ti5O12 spheres for high-rate lithium-ion batteries anode material

Zhao

Pang

Zhang

et al. 2013

J Solid State Electrochem

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Nitridated mesoporous Li 4 Ti 5 O 12 spheres were synthesized by a simple ammonia treatment of Li 4 Ti 5 O 12 derived from mesoporous TiO 2 particles and lithium acetate dihydrate via a solid state reaction in the presence of polyethylene glycol 20000. The carbonization of polyethylene glycol could effectively restrict the growth of primary particles, which was favorable for lithium ions diffusing into the nanosized TiO 2 lattice during the solid state reaction to form a pure phase Li 4 Ti 5 O 12 . After a subsequent thermal nitridation treatment, a high conductive thin TiO x N y layer was in situ constructed on the surface of the primary nanoparticles. As a result, the nitridated mesoporous Li 4 Ti 5 O 12 structure, possessing shorter lithium-ion diffusion path and better electrical conductivity, displays significantly improved rate capability. The discharge capacity reaches 138 mAhg −1 at 10 C rate and 120 mAhg −1 at 20 C rate in the voltage range of 1-3 V.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 91%

Nitridated mesoporous Li4Ti5O12 spheres for high-rate lithium-ion batteries anode material

Zhao

Pang

Zhang

et al. 2013

J Solid State Electrochem

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“…2b), [16] and the two peaks located at 464.7 eV and 459.0 eV in Fig. 2c represent the Ti2p with valence of +2 [18,19]. No other valences for Ti and Zn are detected in the XPS spectra.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 90%

ZnO decorated TiO2 nanosheet composites for lithium ion battery

Gao

Huang

et al. 2015

Electrochimica Acta

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“…Additionally, nanoparticles usually have various defects and unsaturated coordination sites at the surface. As stated above, these defects sometimes induce new lithium storage mechanisms [38] or provide sites for the generation of conductive layers [79,93,94], and consequently contribute to some the improvement of electrochemical performance of Li 4 Ti 5 O 12 . Nanostructured Li 4 Ti 5 O 12 with morphologies of nanosheets [112,113], nanorods [114,115], nanotubes [116], nanowires [117], nanoflakes [118] and nanoflowers [119][120][121], are designed and prepared via various routes, including solid-state, hydrothermal, sol-gel, microwave, combustion, molten salt, sonochemical, rheological phase, and spray pyrolysis, and improved electrochemical performance, especially rate-capability, was demonstrated.…”

Section: Nano-structuringmentioning

confidence: 97%

Lithium Titanate-Based Anode Materials

Zhao

2015

Rechargeable Batteries

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Graphitic carbon is the most widely used anode material in commercial Li-ion batteries due to its low lithiation potential, long cycle life, abundant resources and low cost. However, Li-ion batteries using graphite as anode material give rise to rate, safety and life problems. During lithium intercalation/deintercalation process, graphite undergoes a considerable volume change (*10 % [1]), which could cause particle cracking and even peeling off of anode film from the current collector, leading to gradual capacity degradation of the electrode [2,3]. Safety concerns arise when the cells experience fast charging, long-term cycling, or low temperature charging owing to the propensity of formation of lithium dendrites, which is induced by the low lithiation potential of the graphite anode (close to 0 V vs. Li/Li + ) and the low lithium ion diffusivity in the graphite lattice [4,5]. As an alternative anode material to carbon, Li 4 Ti 5 O 12 has been extensively studied for the potential use in large-scale Li-ion batteries. Li 4 Ti 5 O 12 shows stable charge/discharge platform at ca. 1.55 V versus Li/Li + , and possesses excellent cycling stability and unique safety characteristic owing to its negligible volume change and high redox potential upon Li-ion intercalation/deintercalation. However, coarse Li 4 Ti 5 O 12 exhibits poor rate performance because of its low electronic conductivity and sluggish lithium ion diffusivity [6,7]. In some cases, especially when aging at elevated temperature or cycling in a long-term regime, gas generation frequently occurs in Li 4 Ti 5 O 12 -based batteries [8]. In past decades, many efforts have been devoted to overcoming these problems and significant advancements have been achieved, which make Li 4 Ti 5 O 12 viable for practical application in batteries for various electrical energy storage, such as electric/hybrid electric/plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (EV/HEV/PHEV), grid load leveling, integration of renewable energy sources, etc.

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Nitrogen- and TiN-modified Li4Ti5O12: one-step synthesis and electrochemical performance optimization

Cited by 114 publications

References 44 publications

Nitridated mesoporous Li4Ti5O12 spheres for high-rate lithium-ion batteries anode material

Nitridated mesoporous Li4Ti5O12 spheres for high-rate lithium-ion batteries anode material

ZnO decorated TiO2 nanosheet composites for lithium ion battery

Lithium Titanate-Based Anode Materials

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