Nitrogen Application Rate Influence on Yield, Quality, and Chemical Constituents of Flue-Cured Tobacco, Part I: Application Timing

Drake, Matthew Paul; Vann, Matthew C.; Fisher, Loren R.

doi:10.3381/14-041r.1

Cited by 11 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…The main effect of organic N source was not significant. Results are similar to Drake et al (2015a) which reported an increase in N concentration in leaf tissue sampled at layby in treatments receiving higher application rates of N prior to sampling.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 79%

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Poultry Feather Meal Application in Organic Flue‐Cured Tobacco Production

Vann

Bennett²,

Fisher

et al. 2017

Agronomy Journal

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Core Ideas Poultry feather meal is acceptable in organic flue‐cured tobacco production. Application rates of organic N should reflect those in conventional production. Soil moisture is critical for N mineralization and assimilation. Information on N management in organic flue‐cured tobacco production is limited. Research was conducted from 2012–2013 to determine the effects of two certified organic N sources applied at three rates on the yield, quality, and chemical constituents of flue‐cured tobacco. These organic N sources included Nature Safe 13–0–0 (NS) and Nutrimax 12–1–0 (NM), both of which consisted of hydrolyzed poultry feather meal. Application rates for both fertilizer sources were 17 kg N ha−1 above recommendation (B+), at recommendation (B), and 17 kg N ha−1 below recommendation (B–). A conventional control containing urea‐ammonium‐nitrate (UAN) was applied at the B application rate. Tobacco yield and quality were similar among conventional and organic N programs. Leaf N concentration, SPAD measurements at flowering, and total alkaloid concentration of cured leaves responded positively to increased N application rates, regardless of organic fertilizer source. The largest increases in nitrogenous‐based leaf constituents were observed in this study where B+ treatments were applied; however, those increases did not translate into increased leaf yield or quality and could delay the initiation of leaf senescence in growing seasons with low soil moisture. Results from this study demonstrate the acceptability of poultry feather meal sources for organic tobacco production, and confirm that application rates of organic N sources should follow conventional recommendations.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 79%

“…Base and B-treatments were not different from each other in this analysis. Nitrogen application rate and SPAD are sometimes correlated in tobacco production (Drake et al, 2015a(Drake et al, , 2015b. Organic N source did not affect SPAD measurements.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 96%

Poultry Feather Meal Application in Organic Flue‐Cured Tobacco Production

Vann

Bennett²,

Fisher

et al. 2017

Agronomy Journal

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“…Side‐dress applications of Cl − and N were accomplished by opening a furrow adjacent to tobacco plants with a 140 Farmall tractor outfitted with a single belly‐mounted coulter and then hand applying a pre‐measured or pre‐calibarated fertilizer quantity. Immediately following fertilizer application, furrows were closed with a Danish tine‐rolling cultivator in a manner similar to that outlined by Drake, Vann, and Fisher (2015)…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Implications of chloride application rate and nitrogen fertilizer source to flue‐cured tobacco

et al. 2020

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Chloride assimilation by flue‐cured tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.) can negatively impact leaf development and quality when tissue concentration exceeds 1%. The influences of Cl− application rate and N fertilizer sources have not been fully described in field research utilizing reduced‐cost or custom‐blend fertility programs that are common in modern times. Research was conducted to test the interaction of four Cl− application rates (0, 34, 67, and 101 kg ha−1) and four N fertilizer sources {calcium nitrate, Ca(NO3)2; ammonium nitrate, NH4NO3; liquid urea‐ammonium nitrate [UAN], and ammonium sulfate, (NH4)2SO4} on the growth and development of flue‐cured tobacco. The impact of N source was minimal in green leaf tissue; however, (NH4)2SO4 reduced cured leaf quality relative to other N sources. Two weeks after fertilizer application, Cl− rates ≥34 kg ha−1 reduced foliar total N and NO3− measurements by 0.12−0.42% and 789−1348 mg kg−1, respectively. Leaf NO3− concentration was also reduced by Cl− application at the layby growth stage, while P, K, and Mg increased following Cl− application in late‐season measurements. After curing, total N and alkaloids were reduced by an average of 0.17 and 0.23%, respectively, while reducing sugars were increased by 1.67% where Cl− was applied. Chloride concentration exceeded 1% in application rates ≥34 kg ha−1 in early‐season and post‐curing measurements, although toxicity symptoms were not observed nor were yield, quality, or value affected. Farmers should adhere to the current recommendation of ≤34 kg Cl− ha−1 to ensure that cigarette manufacturers receive tobacco that is usable in products.

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“…Kaiser et al [3] found that nitrate both in soil solution from tobacco field or in well water below tobacco crop was greater than that in natural conditions. Considering the negative effect that an excess N usually determines on cured product quality [43][44][45], the evaluation of tobacco growing conditions that improve N-use efficiency becomes indispensable.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Yield Response, Quality Traits, and Nitrogen-Use Efficiency of a Burley Tobacco Crop Grown in Mediterranean Areas (Southern Italy) as Affected by Intensive N Management

et al. 2021

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Tobacco is an annual cash crop widely cultivated over the world, which generally needs great amounts (N) of nitrogen to achieve the best yield and quality. However, with a view to sustainable and environmentally friendly agriculture, also for this crop, the reduction in N fertilization is a priority, but without negatively affecting the yield and quality of the cured product. Therefore, field experiments were conducted during 2002 and 2003 on light air-cured (Burley) tobacco at three different locations of the Campania region (Southern Italy) where high-quality light air-cured (Burley) tobacco is traditionally cultivated. At each location, the following six N fertilization treatments were compared with four replications (blocks): (i) a not fertilized control (N0); (ii) 50 kg N ha−1 (N50); 90 kg N ha−1 (N90); 130 kg N ha−1 (N130); 170 kg N ha−1 (N170); 210 kg N ha−1 (N210). The yield of cured leaves appeared positively influenced by N fertilization but not at a rate higher than 170 kg ha−1. N fertilization directly influenced nitrates and the total N content of cured leaves at all locations. The greater values of both parameters were reached at N130 or N90, respectively, at Vitulazio (CE), N170 at Bellizzi (SA), and N90 at San Giorgio del Sannio (BN). The fire holding capacity increased with N fertilization up to N170 treatment (12–13 s at CE and BN but just 8 s at SA). L* (brightness) decreased with increasing N fertilization giving cured leaves less bright and opaquer. The a/b ratio (a*, green/red; b*, blue/yellow) increased with N treatments producing cured leaves of dark hazelnut. The best scores were assigned to cured products obtained by plants fertilized with 170 kg N ha−1. N-use efficiencies were negatively influenced by N fertilization. The best NUE and N-uptake efficiency was recorded in 2002 at Vitulazio (CE), in spite of a higher NO3-N before N fertilization than other locations.

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Nitrogen Application Rate Influence on Yield, Quality, and Chemical Constituents of Flue-Cured Tobacco, Part I: Application Timing

Cited by 11 publications

References 3 publications

Poultry Feather Meal Application in Organic Flue‐Cured Tobacco Production

Poultry Feather Meal Application in Organic Flue‐Cured Tobacco Production

Implications of chloride application rate and nitrogen fertilizer source to flue‐cured tobacco

Yield Response, Quality Traits, and Nitrogen-Use Efficiency of a Burley Tobacco Crop Grown in Mediterranean Areas (Southern Italy) as Affected by Intensive N Management

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