Nitrogen budgets of agricultural fields of the Changjiang River basin from 1980 to 1990

Bao, Xiang; Watanabe, Masataka; Wang, Qinxue; Hayashi, Seiji; Liu, Jiyuan

doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2005.06.029

Cited by 62 publications

(51 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…Nitrogen is lost in the atmosphere via NH3 volatilization from farmland, especially due to urea and other ammonium fertilizers and it becomes one of the major components of dry and wet deposition (Bao et al, 2006). Meisinger and Randall (1991) and Burkart and James (1999) found that N volatilization could be between 0 and 20% of the surface-applied urea and between 15 and 30% of the solid manure, depending on the pedo-climatic conditions.…”

Section: Nh3 Volatilizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Nitrogen balance in a hilly semi-agricultural watershed in Northern Italy

et al. 2011

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The research was carried out for 7 years, 1998-2005, in a semi-agricultural watershed, called Centonara, set within a natural regional park and situated in the hills surrounding Bologna, northern Italy. This area is characterized by one of the most interesting badlands complexes in Europe and represents one of the main points of naturalistic interest. The watershed is partially cultivated (about 30% of the total area) with arable crops, mostly cereals and alfalfa. To evaluate the impact of agricultural activity on the eco-sustainability of this area, the nitrogen (N) balance was computed. Although it is only an estimation of the potential environmental damage, the nitrogen balance is a useful indicator of the risk posed to the environment from excessive nitrogen and can be useful to understand the possible effects of a certain type of agricultural and environmental management and policy. The balance was calculated by computing the difference between all inputs and all outputs. The nitrogen balance of the watershed was found to be sustainable, with an annual nitrogen balance ranging between -2.3 and +4.4 kg ha -1 . Despite the limited presence of arable lands, the agricultural management played the main role in determining the sustainability of the watershed, strongly influencing both the principal N sources and sinks. In fact, major N inputs derived from inorganic fertilization (8.1-15.5 kg ha -1 yr -1 ) and biological fixation (8.3-14.3 kg ha -1 yr -1 ). On the other hand, plant removal constituted the most important output (17.7-25.6 kg ha -1 yr -1 ). N losses in the drainage water were limited (3.0-9.5 kg ha -1 yr -1 ) and the Centonara stream water was found to be unpolluted, with a nitrate concentration always below the EU limit for drinking water. The similar magnitude of total N inputs and outputs indicated that the crop management, especially the crop rotation and the N fertilization, in the Centonara watershed has reached a good level of ecological sustainability. Finally, the computation of the N fertilizer-use efficiency index resulted to be useful to identify which crop and which type of management (organic or conventional) were more suitable for the pedo-climatic condition of the studied area.

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Section: Nh3 Volatilizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For this study, the N fertilizer-use efficiency index (kg N/kg N), suggested by Fixen and West (2002) and applied by Bao et al (2006), was computed. It is defined as the amount of grain produced per unit of N fertilizer applied.…”

Section: Grain Yield and Nitrogen Fertilizer-use Efficiencymentioning

confidence: 99%

Nitrogen balance in a hilly semi-agricultural watershed in Northern Italy

et al. 2011

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“…Most of the nitrogen fertilizer is lost due to gaseous emission, surface runoff volatilization, leaching and finally enters the environment. In China much of this loss is as the gaseous nitrogen in the form of N 2 O, varying from 20-50 % of the total nitrogen input in irrigated rice cultivation (Zhu, 1997;Bao et al, 2006;Ju et al, 2009). Nitrogen losses during runoff generally happen throughout the drainage of the paddy field that occurs ten days after the tillering stage, and by the action of rainfall events (Qiao et al, 2012).…”

Section: Issn: 2319-7706 Volume 7 Number 07 (2018)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of Nitrogen use Efficiency and its Variation among Rice Cultivars of Manipur, India

Laishram¹,

Saxena²,

Piloo³

2018

Int.J.Curr.Microbiol.App.Sci

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“…Pop is the resident population of the hypothetical village (excluding persons employed in cities); F NPP is the average N emissions per person and assumed to be 5 kgN/capita/step in China based on Bao et al (2006); F NON-CON is a factor for non-consumed protein added to wastewater, and is set at 1.1 (IPCC 2006). Similar to TN, TP and COD are a function of synthetic fertilizers, animal manure, crop residues, and domestic activities.…”

Section: Tn/tp/cod Leaching or Runoffmentioning

confidence: 99%

Environmental implications of rural policies in China: a multi-agent model at the level of agricultural households

Yang¹,

Luan

et al. 2014

Journal of Integrative Environmental Sciences

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We analyzed the socioeconomic and environmental changes in rural China from the perspective of agricultural households and developed a multi-agent agricultural household model for rural environmental management (MAREM). The MAREM model consists of four submodules: the agricultural household production module, the consumption module, the labor supply module, and the environmental assessment module. In the model, virtual agricultural households exist in a hypothetical village. Farmers follow a self-adaptive approach to learn and understand policy variations, in order to make relevant decisions. The model has been validated through simulation of actual trends (the based-on-reality scenario). On the basis of this scenario, we further analyzed possible future trends in rural environmental pollution in China. Our results reflect that China may enter a period of farmer income stagnation accompanied by a rapid deterioration in rural environmental quality. Ammonia emission from livestock production may become the primary agricultural source of air pollution, and eutrophication is calculated to be the major water pollution issue for the long term. Synthetic fertilizer application is projected to be the dominant source of total nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) in aquatic system (contributing to about 64% and 46% of the total discharge, respectively). Our study shows that MAREM is an effective tool to analyze the interactions between agricultural households' behavior and environmental consequences under specific policies in China.

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Nitrogen budgets of agricultural fields of the Changjiang River basin from 1980 to 1990

Cited by 62 publications

References 20 publications

Nitrogen balance in a hilly semi-agricultural watershed in Northern Italy

Nitrogen balance in a hilly semi-agricultural watershed in Northern Italy

Comparison of Nitrogen use Efficiency and its Variation among Rice Cultivars of Manipur, India

Environmental implications of rural policies in China: a multi-agent model at the level of agricultural households

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