Nitrogen deposition and carbon sequestration in alpine meadows

Xu, Xingliang; Ouyang, Hao; Cao, Guangmin; Zhang, Pei; Zhou, Caiping

doi:10.1007/s10533-004-0371-z

Cited by 42 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 66 publications

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“…Previous studies indicated that the respiration rate at about 9:00 am (local time) was close to the average daily respiration rate in the same alpine meadow (Xu et al 2004b;Zhang et al 2006). Therefore, R ec and R s measurements in this study were made between 9:00 and 11:00 am (local time).…”

Section: Field Sampling and Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 58%

“…In contrast, soil CO 2 emissions increase substantially in response to N fertilization. For example, chronic atmospheric N deposition stimulated soil CO 2 efflux in an alpine meadow by increasing available N and promoting plant growth (Xu et al 2004b;Fang et al 2012). In addition, enhanced decomposition rates caused by an increased production of plant litter under nutrient enrichment also resulted in higher CO 2 emissions and dissolved organic C release from peat bogs (Bragazza et al 2006).…”

Section: Responses Of Ecosystem and Soil Respiration To Nutrient Fertmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Climatic patterns modulate ecosystem and soil respiration responses to fertilization in an alpine meadow on the Tibetan Plateau, China

Jiang

Shi

Zong

et al. 2014

Ecological Research

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The responses of ecosystem (R ec ) and soil (R s ) respiration to nutrient enrichment have been extensively investigated, aiding our understanding of ecosystem and soil carbon (C) balances in light of global changes. However, the effects of climatic variables and plant growth on CO 2 fluxes under nutrient enrichment remain poorly known. We measured aboveground biomass (Ab), R ec , and R s during three consecutive growing seasons (2010)(2011)(2012) in a Tibetan alpine meadow where a nitrogen (N) and phosphorous (P) fertilization experiment began in 2008. The five treatments were Ctrl (no N or P fertilization), LN and HN (addition of 5 and 10 g N m À2 year À1 , respectively), LN + P and HN + P (the respective N treatments with 5 g P m À2 year À1 added). LN and HN did not affect R ec , R s , or Ab during the three growing seasons, but both N + P treatments increased Ab in all 3 years. However, the effects of N + P on R ec and R s varied among years: N + P increased R ec and R s at most sampling times in 2010 and 2011, but the effect seemed to reach saturation in 2012. Additionally, R ec and R s were positively correlated with Ab in N + P, indicating that enhanced Ab contributed considerably to the observed variation in R ec and R s . Different climate patterns during three seasons drove the inconsistent relationships of CO 2 fluxes with soil temperature and moisture. Our results suggest that temperature and precipitation patterns throughout the growing season are important modulators of CO 2 fluxes under increasing nutrient levels in arid alpine meadow ecosystems.

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Section: Field Sampling and Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 58%

Section: Responses Of Ecosystem and Soil Respiration To Nutrient Fertmentioning

confidence: 99%

Climatic patterns modulate ecosystem and soil respiration responses to fertilization in an alpine meadow on the Tibetan Plateau, China

Jiang

Shi

Zong

et al. 2014

Ecological Research

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“…Besides aboveground parts, roots also contribute to N input. Chen and Wang (2000) and Xu et al (2004) approximated that one third of the roots in alpine meadows were replaced in 1 year and observed a 50% root turnover in temperate steppes. Assuming a similar root to shoot ratio for legumes as the whole plant community, the N 2 -fixation in the legume roots amounts to 0.72 and 0.32 g N m -2 in the alpine meadow and the temperate steppe, respectively.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Symbiotic nitrogen fixation by legumes in two Chinese grasslands estimated with the 15N dilution technique

Yang

Qiao

et al. 2011

Nutr Cycl Agroecosyst

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Symbiotic nitrogen (N) fixation by legumes was investigated using the 15 N dilution technique in two Chinese grasslands: one in the north-eastern Tibetan Plateau and the other in Inner Mongolia in China. A small amount (0.03 g N m -2 ) of 15 N labelled (NH 4 ) 2 SO 4 fertilizer was evenly distributed in two soils. One month after the 15 N addition, four legumes (Astragalus sp., Gueldenstaedtia diversifolia, Oxytropis ochrocephala and Trigonella ruthenica) in the alpine meadow and two legumes (Thermopsis lanceolata and Melissitus ruthenica) in the temperate steppe were collected. Several non-legume plant species were harvested as the reference. Above-ground biomass of legumes ranged from 8 to 24 g m -2 in the alpine meadow and from 11 to 35 g m -2 in the temperate steppe. The reference plants showed distinctly higher 15 N atom% excess than legumes (0.08% vs. 0.02% in the alpine meadow, 0.10% vs. 0.02% in the temperate steppe). The N derived from atmosphere (%Ndfa) ranged from 50 to 90% N in the alpine meadow, while it ranged from 85 to 92% in the temperate steppe. Based on the legume above-ground biomass, total symbiotic N 2 -fixation rate was estimated to be 1.00 g N m -2 year -1 in the alpine meadow and 1.15 g N m -2 year -1 in the temperate steppe. These N inputs by legumes can account for 9% of the gap between the N demand and the seasonal N release by mineralization in the alpine Kobresia grassland and 20% in the temperate Leymus grassland, respectively. Considering additional contribution of the root biomass, we suggest that biological N 2 -fixation by legumes plays an important role in the cycling of N in both Kobresia and Leymus grasslands on an annual scale.

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“…Elevated N deposition can affect soil CO 2 emission through changes in litter decomposition, root respiration and soil microbial respiration rates [32]. N deposition can alleviate N-limitation and accelerate microbial activities.…”

Section: Effect Of N Deposition On Soil Co 2 Emissionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Nitrogen Deposition on CH4 Uptake and CO2 Emission from a temperate forests in Northeastern China

Yan¹,

Xing²,

Wang³

et al. 2016

Proceedings of the 2015 4th International Conference on Sustainable Energy and Environmental Engineering

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Little is known about how N deposition affects greenhouse gas balances in different temporal patterns (daytime and nighttime),and few studies have been conducted to quantify the effects of N deposition on soil CH 4 uptake and CO 2 emission in a typical temperate forests. To investigate the effects of N deposition on soil CH 4 uptake and CO 2 emission, simulated N deposition experiment was initiated in temperate forests in Northeastern China in May 2011. In this study, NH 4 NO 3 fertilizer was applied throughout the growing season at four N treatment levels (three replicates): control (CK), no added N; low-N (T L ), 5 g N m -2. yr -1 ; medium-N (T M ), 10 g N m -2. yr -1 ; and high-N (T H ), 15 g N m -2. yr -1 . Diurnal soil CH 4 uptake and CO 2 emission rates were observed in August 2014 using Greenhouse Gas Analyzers. Our results showed that N deposition tended to restrict CH 4 uptake and significantly increased soil CO 2 emission (except in the T H treatment). In addition, the CO 2 and CH 4 fluxes in daytime and nighttime were significantly different. These results indicate that N deposition controls the CH 4 uptake and suggest that alterations of the N cycle due to N deposition may convert sequestered C in forest soils into a C source. However, this paper is also to promote a better understanding of the impact of N deposition on soil C fluxes under the different temporal patterns.

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Nitrogen deposition and carbon sequestration in alpine meadows

Cited by 42 publications

References 66 publications

Climatic patterns modulate ecosystem and soil respiration responses to fertilization in an alpine meadow on the Tibetan Plateau, China

Climatic patterns modulate ecosystem and soil respiration responses to fertilization in an alpine meadow on the Tibetan Plateau, China

Symbiotic nitrogen fixation by legumes in two Chinese grasslands estimated with the 15N dilution technique

Effects of Nitrogen Deposition on CH4 Uptake and CO2 Emission from a temperate forests in Northeastern China

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