Nitrogen Derivatives of Natural Fats and Oils

Franklin, R. E.

doi:10.1002/9780470686607.ch2

Cited by 3 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…Specifically, we examined nitrogen-, oxygen-, and sulphur- containing molecules having the same chain lengths (12 carbon atoms for compounds 3 , 5 , 6 , 7 , 9 and 10 and 16 carbon atoms for compounds 1 , 2 , and 4 ) but displaying different charges (or no charges) in the polar head. Compounds 5 , 6 , and 7 can be considered as representative renewable surfactants, synthesized from renewable resources . Specifically, primary amines such as compound 5 are produced in industrial processes from lauric acid; 6 is obtained from the reaction of itaconic acid and dodecylamine 5 .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Poly(methyl methacrylate)-Supported Polydiacetylene Films: Unique Chromatic Transitions and Molecular Sensing

Kootery¹,

Jiang²,

Kolusheva³

et al. 2014

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces

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Polydiacetylenes (PDAs) constitute a family of conjugated polymers exhibiting unique colorimetric and fluorescence transitions, and have attracted significant interest as chemo- and biosensing materials. We spin-coated PDA films upon poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA), and investigated the photophysical properties and sensing applications of the new PDA configuration. Specifically, the as-polymerized blue PDA layer underwent distinct transformations to purple, red, and yellow phases, which could be quantified through conventional color scanning combined with application of image analysis algorithms. Furthermore, we recorded a reversible red-purple PDA transition that was induced by ultraviolet irradiation, a phenomenon that had not been reported previously in PDA film systems. We show that distinct color and fluorescence transitions were induced in the PMMA-supported PDA films by amphiphilic substances-surfactants and ionic liquids-and that the chromatic transformations were correlated to the analyte structures and properties. Overall, this study presents a new chromatic PDA film system in which noncovalent interactions between the PMMA substrate and spin-coated PDA give rise to distinct chromatic properties and molecular sensing capabilities.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Poly(methyl methacrylate)-Supported Polydiacetylene Films: Unique Chromatic Transitions and Molecular Sensing

Kootery¹,

Jiang²,

Kolusheva³

et al. 2014

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces

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“…Fatty acids are precursors for the synthesis of many nitrogen derivatives (Franklin, ; Franklin et al, ). Fatty amines are mainly produced via the Nitrile route, which consists of the reaction of fatty acids with ammonia at high temperature over a metal oxide catalyst, followed by the hydrogenation of the nitrile.…”

Section: Surfactants Based On a Natural Hydrophobic Tailmentioning

confidence: 99%

Renewable Surfactants for Biochemical Applications and Nanotechnology

Guenic

Chaveriat

Lequart

et al. 2018

J Surfact & Detergents

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Surfactants find applications in almost every chemical industry, such as household and industrial cleaning, paper, inks, agrochemicals, and personal care or pharmaceuticals. However, their production and use can have a negative impact on the environment and health. Increasing environmental concerns and the strong interest in renewable resources have led to the development of innovative and environmentally friendly surfactants produced by clean and/or sustainable technologies. The aim of this review is to explore the different types of surfactants and their architectures. Then, it will describe the two categories of renewable surfactants: biosurfactants obtained by fermentation, and bio‐based surfactants containing either a bio‐sourced polar head group or a bio‐sourced hydrophobic tail. Finally, this review will focus on highly specialized applications of surfactants (protein crystallization, transfection, and nanotechnology), which are closely related to the ability of surfactants to organize themselves in supramolecular architectures.

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“…Conventional organic friction modifiers include alkoxylated tallow amines and oleamide, [25][26][27] which have been in use for several years in the formulation of automotive lubricants. Both friction modifiers are used for their ability to improve friction behavior as well as for their properties as corrosion inhibitors.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For use as friction modifier these fatty amines are ethoxylated with ethylene oxide. 27 Ethoxylated tallow amines, therefore, are a mixture of molecules with a distribution of different carbon-chain lengths 27 and polyoxyethylene chains. Their molecular weight distribution can readily be observed by mass spectrometry.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Atmospheric Pressure Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption/Ionization Mass Spectrometry of Friction Modifier Additives Analyzed Directly from Base Oil Solutions

Widder

Brennerb

Hutter

2014

Eur J Mass Spectrom (Chichester)

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To develop new products and to apply measures of quality control quick and simple accessibility of additive composition in automo- tive lubrication is important. The aim of this study was to investigate the possibility of analyzing organic friction modifier additives by means of atmospheric pressure matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry [AP-MALDI-MS] from lubricant solu- tions without the use of additional separation techniques. Analyses of selected friction modifier ethoxylated tallow amines and oleic acid amide were compared using two ionization methods, positive-ion electrospray ionization (ESI) and AP-MALDI, using a LTQ Orbitrap mass spectrometer. Pure additives were characterized from solvent solutions, as well as from synthetic and mineral base oil mixtures. Detected ions of pure additive samples consisted mainly of [M + H]+, but also alkaLi metal adducts [M + Na]+ and [M + K]+ could be seen. Characterizations of blends of both friction modifiers from the base oil mixtures were carried out as well and showed significant inten- sities for several additive peaks. Thus, this work shows a method to directly analyze friction modifier additives used in the automotive industry from an oil blend via the use of AP-MALDI without any further separation steps. The method presented will further simplify the acquisition of data on lubricant composition and additives. Furthermore, it allows the perspective of analyzing additive reaction products directly from formulated oil blends.

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Nitrogen Derivatives of Natural Fats and Oils

Cited by 3 publications

References 30 publications

Poly(methyl methacrylate)-Supported Polydiacetylene Films: Unique Chromatic Transitions and Molecular Sensing

Poly(methyl methacrylate)-Supported Polydiacetylene Films: Unique Chromatic Transitions and Molecular Sensing

Renewable Surfactants for Biochemical Applications and Nanotechnology

Atmospheric Pressure Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption/Ionization Mass Spectrometry of Friction Modifier Additives Analyzed Directly from Base Oil Solutions

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