Nitrogen Dioxide (NO2) Level Changes during the Control of COVID-19 Pandemic in Thailand

Oo, Tin Ko; Arunrat, Noppol; Kongsurakan, Praeploy; Sereenonchai, Sukanya; Wang, Can

doi:10.4209/aaqr.200440

Cited by 23 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…These COVID-19 lockdowns have caused significant reductions in human activities and traffic worldwide. As human activities have reduced, air quality has improved significantly worldwide (Bauwens et al, 2020;Goldberg et al, 2020;Huang and Sun, 2020;Jin et al, 2020;Koo et al, 2020;Liu et al, 2020;Morales-Solís et al, 2021;Naeger and Murphy, 2020;Oo et al, 2021;Represa et al, 2021). However, some studies found air quality has not improved as we expected or even worsened in some cities due to the complicated atmospheric chemistry, meteorological conditions, and emissions, even anthropogenic emissions from human activities and traffic have reduced significantly (Bekbulat et al, 2021;Chen et al, 2020;Le et al, 2020;Schiermeier, 2020;Shi and Brasseur, 2020).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 89%

Unexpected Impact of COVID-19 Lockdown on the Air Quality in the Metro Atlanta, USA Using Ground-based and Satellite Observations

Huang

Ponder

Bond

et al. 2021

Aerosol Air Qual. Res.

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We studied the impact of COVID-19 (coronavirus disease 2019) lockdown on the air quality over the Atlanta area using satellite and ground-based observations, meteorological reanalysis data and traffic information. Unlike other cities, we found the air quality has improved slightly over the Atlanta area during the 2020 COVID-19 lockdown period (March 14 -April 30, 2020), compared to the analogous period of 2019 (March 14-April 30, 2019). Ground NO 2 concentrations have decreased slightly 10.8% and 8.2% over the near-road (NR) and urban ambient (UA) stations, respectively. Tropospheric NO2 columns have reduced 13%-49% over the Atlanta area from spaceborne observations of TROPOspheric Monitoring Instrument (TROPOMI). Ground ozone and PM2.5 have decreased 15.7% an ~5%, respectively. This slight air quality improvement is primarily caused by the reduced human activities, as COVID-19 lockdowns have reduced ~50% human activities, measured by traffic volume.. Higher wind speed and precipitations also make the meteorological conditions favorable to this slight air quality improvement. We have not found a significant improvement in Atlanta amid the lockdown when human activities have reduced ~50%. Further studies are needed to understand the impacts of reduced human activities on atmospheric

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 89%

Unexpected Impact of COVID-19 Lockdown on the Air Quality in the Metro Atlanta, USA Using Ground-based and Satellite Observations

Huang

Ponder

Bond

et al. 2021

Aerosol Air Qual. Res.

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“…At the height of COVID-19 spreading in Thailand, in particular during March to May 2020, shopping malls were ordered to close except for restaurant deliveries and supermarkets, and a six-hour curfew was in force at night. Moreover, the government Agronomy 2021, 11, 497 2 of 15 attempted to limit social gatherings by requesting people to stay at home and work from home (WFH) [3].…”

Section: Introduction: Food Security In Times Of Crisismentioning

confidence: 99%

Understanding Food Security Behaviors during the COVID-19 Pandemic in Thailand: A Review

Sereenonchai

Arunrat

2021

Agronomy

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The COVID-19 pandemic has impacted worldwide food security including in Thailand. This review aims to understand people’s behaviors with regard to promoting food security during the COVID-19 pandemic by covering three main cases at a community level: the food bank, the food exchange, and the food pantry. A systematic review of news content analysis and in-depth interviews were employed for data collection. Based on integrated behavioral models of motivation–opportunity–ability (MOA), the theory of planned behavior (TPB), and value–belief–norm (VBN), key results indicated that altruistic values including beliefs in opinion leaders and the benefits from food security behaviors were influences on people’s practices. The attitude toward food as a crucial factor for living, the influence of family members and neighborhoods, and the perception of what constituted enough food led people’s behavioral intentions with regard to food security. The intrapersonal communication of opinion leaders was an important initial step linking to people’s understanding of others. The most frequent qualities of opinion leaders were: having a determination to help, thinking of the benefits of local people, and believing in community capacity. Self-reliance and procedural knowledge of how to behave were key messages, while personal media, local broadcasting towers, and social media were mainly employed to distribute these messages. Two-way and networking communication should be strengthened to promote sustainable food security during the crisis.

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“…Although there have been many studies focus on the chemical characterization of air pollutants in the ambient air of Thailand, little is known about the impact of lockdown policy on the improvement of air quality (ChooChuay et al 2020a, b, c;Pongpiachan and Iijima 2016;Pongpiachan et al 2013Pongpiachan et al , 2017. Several investigations have been conducted to elucidate the relationship between the "COVID-19 lockdown" and "air pollutant levels" in the ambient air of Thailand (Oo et al 2021;Wetchayont 2021). A significant reduction of NO 2 level up to 20.1% was observed in the Bangkok Metropolitan Area (BMA) during the government enforced quarantine in 2020 (Oo et al 2021).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Several investigations have been conducted to elucidate the relationship between the "COVID-19 lockdown" and "air pollutant levels" in the ambient air of Thailand (Oo et al 2021;Wetchayont 2021). A significant reduction of NO 2 level up to 20.1% was observed in the Bangkok Metropolitan Area (BMA) during the government enforced quarantine in 2020 (Oo et al 2021). The monthly average of NO 2 in BMA observed in 2020 was also 9.8% lower than 2019 for the same time duration (Oo et al 2021).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A significant reduction of NO 2 level up to 20.1% was observed in the Bangkok Metropolitan Area (BMA) during the government enforced quarantine in 2020 (Oo et al 2021). The monthly average of NO 2 in BMA observed in 2020 was also 9.8% lower than 2019 for the same time duration (Oo et al 2021). Another in situ detections found a significant reducing trend of PM 2.5 , PM 10 , O 3 , and CO contents in the ambient air of Bangkok during the COVID-19 outbreak year in comparison with the same periods in 2019 (Wetchayont 2021).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Relationship Between COVID-19-Infected Number and PM2.5 Level in Ambient Air of Bangkok, Thailand

2021

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Several empirical studies of reductions in air pollutants as social distancing and working from home (WFH) policies have sparked recommendations that the COVID-19 pandemic might have been responsible for better air quality particularly in urban area. These findings offer a compelling provocation for the scientific community to detect and investigate variations to air quality as a consequence of government enforced quarantine. In spite of countless research studies focusing on the connection between WFH policy and air pollutant levels, the majority of discussion has unfortunately ignored the central role of other potential sources (e.g. agricultural waste burnings, cooking emissions, and industrial releases) in governing air quality, or has neglected the psychological and social impacts of COVID-19. In this study, a t test was used to compare the average concentrations of PM 2.5 and COVID-19-infected numbers (n) in three different periods which were n < 300 vs. n ≧ 300, n < 500 vs. n ≧ 500, and n < 700 vs. n ≧ 700. Some significant differences were observed in the groups of n < 500 vs. n ≧ 500, and n < 700 vs. n ≧ 700 indicating that the psychological and social impacts play a crucial role in restricting daily activities and thus reducing the atmospheric contents of PM 2.5 in some areas. Further assessments were conducted by separating PM 2.5 contents into three different periods (i.e. Period-I: day-1 ~ day-10; Period-II: day-11 ~ day-20; Period-III: day-21 ~ day-31). Some significant reductions of PM 2.5 during the Period-I were detected in the eastern area of Bangkok. In addition, Pearson correlation analysis showed that hot-spot numbers appear to be a minor of importance in controlling PM 2.5 levels in the ambient air of Bangkok, Thailand.

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Nitrogen Dioxide (NO2) Level Changes during the Control of COVID-19 Pandemic in Thailand

Cited by 23 publications

References 45 publications

Unexpected Impact of COVID-19 Lockdown on the Air Quality in the Metro Atlanta, USA Using Ground-based and Satellite Observations

Unexpected Impact of COVID-19 Lockdown on the Air Quality in the Metro Atlanta, USA Using Ground-based and Satellite Observations

Understanding Food Security Behaviors during the COVID-19 Pandemic in Thailand: A Review

Relationship Between COVID-19-Infected Number and PM2.5 Level in Ambient Air of Bangkok, Thailand

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