Nitrogen-doped graphene nanomaterials for electrochemical catalysis/reactions: A review on chemical structures and stability

Talukder, Niladri; Wang, Yudong; Nunna, Bharath Babu; Lee, Eon Soo

doi:10.1016/j.carbon.2021.09.025

Cited by 84 publications

(48 citation statements)

References 164 publications

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“…Conventionally, the reduction potentials are presented with positive signs with the reactions. For instance, the standard reduction potential vs. Ag/AgCl for the reaction (7) theoretically means that if this reaction is coupled with an Ag/AgCl reference electrode, the reaction (7) will move forward (as shown), and the required electron for this reaction will come from the oxidation reaction inside the Ag/AgCl half cell (Ag + Cl − → AgCl + e − ). And for these two reduction and oxidation reactions, the measured cell voltage will be +0.206 V. For reaction step (9) the red-ox phenomenon is similar to the reaction (7) when coupled with Ag/AgCl reference electrode, as suggested by the measured standard reduction potential.…”

Section: Exploration Of Lsv Data Of N-g/mof Catalyst For Orr In Alkal...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…And for these two reduction and oxidation reactions, the measured cell voltage will be +0.206 V. For reaction step (9) the red-ox phenomenon is similar to the reaction (7) when coupled with Ag/AgCl reference electrode, as suggested by the measured standard reduction potential. And the higher value of standard reduction potential for reaction (9) than the reaction (7) indicates that the likelihood of reduction reaction (9) is higher than the reduction reaction (7). Conversely, the negative standard reduction potential for the The direct 4-electron transfer ORR:…”

Section: Exploration Of Lsv Data Of N-g/mof Catalyst For Orr In Alkal...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In this scenario, numerous research groups are evaluating the prospects of carbon-based electrocatalysts for ORR. Being a one-atom-thick layer of sp 2 hybridized carbon atoms, arranged in a hexagonal honeycomb form with a unique electronic structure, graphene appeared as a promising candidate for electrocatalyst [7,8]. Although inert in the pristine form, when graphene is doped with different heteroatoms such as nitrogen (N), boron (B), sulfur (S), etc.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In some recent studies, metal-organic framework (MOF) was integrated with N-G to achieve a better electrocatalytic performance than N-G taking the advantage of the high surface area of MOF that can host a higher number of catalytic active sites. Zhuang et al synthesized nitrogen-doped graphene/metalorganic framework (N-G/MOF) catalyst and demonstrated that its ORR electrocatalytic performance can be comparable to the standard 10% platinum supported by carbon (Pt/C) catalyst in terms of ORR current density and electron transfer number [7,[22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31]. For such promising aspects, in this study, we will use the N-G/MOF electrocatalyst to explore the ORR phenomena in acidic and alkaline mediums/electrolytes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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An In-Depth Exploration of the Electrochemical Oxygen Reduction Reaction (ORR) Phenomenon on Carbon-Based Catalysts in Alkaline and Acidic Mediums

et al. 2022

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Detailed studies of the electrochemical oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) on catalyst materials are crucial to improving the performance of different electrochemical energy conversion and storage systems (e.g., fuel cells and batteries), as well as numerous chemical synthesis processes. In the effort to reduce the loading of expensive platinum group metal (PGM)-based catalysts for ORR in the electrochemical systems, many carbon-based catalysts have already shown promising results and numerous investigations on those catalysts are in progress. Most of these studies show the catalyst materials’ ORR performance as current density data obtained through the rotating disk electrode (RDE), rotating ring-disk electrode (RRDE) experiments taking cyclic voltammograms (CV) or linear sweep voltammograms (LSV) approaches. However, the provided descriptions or interpretations of those data curves are often ambiguous and recondite which can lead to an erroneous understanding of the ORR phenomenon in those specific systems and inaccurate characterization of the catalyst materials. In this paper, we presented a study of ORR on a newly developed carbon-based catalyst, the nitrogen-doped graphene/metal-organic framework (N-G/MOF), through RDE and RRDE experiments in both alkaline and acidic mediums, taking the LSV approach. The functions and crucial considerations for the different parts of the RDE/RRDE experiment such as the working electrode, reference electrode, counter electrode, electrolyte, and overall RDE/RRDE process are delineated which can serve as guidelines for the new researchers in this field. Experimentally obtained LSV curves’ shapes and their correlations with the possible ORR reaction pathways within the applied potential range are discussed in depth. We also demonstrated how the presence of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), a possible intermediate of ORR, in the alkaline electrolyte and the concentration of acid in the acidic electrolyte can maneuver the ORR current density output in compliance with the possible ORR pathways.

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Section: Exploration Of Lsv Data Of N-g/mof Catalyst For Orr In Alkal...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Exploration Of Lsv Data Of N-g/mof Catalyst For Orr In Alkal...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

An In-Depth Exploration of the Electrochemical Oxygen Reduction Reaction (ORR) Phenomenon on Carbon-Based Catalysts in Alkaline and Acidic Mediums

et al. 2022

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“…This process can be categorized into two major approaches: direct anchoring of dopant atoms onto basal plane 16 and establishing covalent bonds between functional groups of GO and guest atoms 17 . In this regard, chemical functionalization can be obtained by doping graphene flakes with halogen elements such as nitrogen (N), boron (B), sulfur (S) and fluorine (F) atoms, turning it from a gapless to a gapped structure of either n- or p-types depending on the dopant types 18 – 20 . In fact, highly electronegative halogen atoms could bind to carbon stronger than hydrogen to form a much more stable complex 21 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plasma-assisted three-dimensional lightscribe graphene as high-performance supercapacitors

Namdar

Ghasemi

Sanaee

2022

Sci Rep

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Graphene-based supercapacitors demonstrate extraordinary energy storage capacity due to their layered structure, large effective surface area, high electrical conductivity and acceptable chemical stability. Herein, reduced graphene oxide (rGO)-based supercapacitors were introduced in a simple, and fast method with considerable performance. For this purpose, graphene oxide (GO) was synthesized by the modified Hummers’ method and then easily reduced to desired patterns of rGO using a commercial LightScribe DVD drive. In order to increase the effective surface area, as well as the electrical conductivity of rGO layers, oxygen/sulfur hexafluoride plasma was applied to the rGO followed by laser irradiation. By performing such sequential processes, an rGO-based supercapacitor was introduced with a capacitance of about 10.2 F/cm3, which had high stability for more than 1000 consecutive charge–discharge cycles. The fabrication steps of the electrodes were investigated by different analyses such as SEM, TEM, Raman, surface resistance, BET, and XPS measurements. Results showed that these rGO-based electrodes fabricated by sequential processes are very interesting for practical applications of energy storage.

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Modification Strategies for Development of 2D Material‐Based Electrocatalysts for Alcohol Oxidation Reaction

Fu,

Chen,

Chen

et al. 2023

Advanced Science

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Abstract2D materials, such as graphene, MXenes (metal carbides and nitrides), graphdiyne (GDY), layered double hydroxides, and black phosphorus, are widely used as electrocatalyst supports for alcohol oxidation reactions (AORs) owing to their large surface area and unique 2D charge transport channels. Furthermore, the development of highly efficient electrocatalysts for AORs via tuning the structure of 2D support materials has recently become a hot area. This article provides a critical review on modification strategies to develop 2D material‐based electrocatalysts for AOR. First, the principles and influencing factors of electrocatalytic oxidation of alcohols (such as methanol and ethanol) are introduced. Second, surface molecular functionalization, heteroatom doping, and composite hybridization are deeply discussed as the modification strategies to improve 2D material catalyst supports for AORs. Finally, the challenges and perspectives of 2D material‐based electrocatalysts for AORs are outlined. This review will promote further efforts in the development of electrocatalysts for AORs.

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Nitrogen-doped graphene nanomaterials for electrochemical catalysis/reactions: A review on chemical structures and stability

Cited by 84 publications

References 164 publications

An In-Depth Exploration of the Electrochemical Oxygen Reduction Reaction (ORR) Phenomenon on Carbon-Based Catalysts in Alkaline and Acidic Mediums

An In-Depth Exploration of the Electrochemical Oxygen Reduction Reaction (ORR) Phenomenon on Carbon-Based Catalysts in Alkaline and Acidic Mediums

Plasma-assisted three-dimensional lightscribe graphene as high-performance supercapacitors

Modification Strategies for Development of 2D Material‐Based Electrocatalysts for Alcohol Oxidation Reaction

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