Nitrogen-doped mesoporous network-like carbon as an efficient metal-free electrocatalyst for oxygen reduction reaction

Porous Nitrogen‐Doped Carbons as Effective Catalysts for Oxygen Reduction Reaction Synthesized from Cellulose and Polyamide

“…Figure 6b showed that samples with lower I D1 /I G or higher degree of graphitization, usually revealed superior ORR activity, because graphitic structure can improve the efficient of conducting electricity. [21] Moreover, it was reported that both larger specific surface area and hierarchically porous structure of carbon material were in favor of the active sites exposure and mass transfer during the reaction process. [52] Particularly, micropores were able to enlarge the accessible surface area, [47] but ultra-micropores or micropores with closed structure can hinder ion transportation and weak conductivity.…”

“…To sum up, it clearly indicated that a single structural parameter cannot completely reflect the relationship between ORR activity and structure or chemical component. Based on the discussion above, DANC‐800‐138 exhibited outstanding ORR activity in alkaline media probably due to the interdependent properties as follow: (i) the reasonable nitrogen doping species stimulated the catalytic activity and large specific surface area guaranteed the active sites exposure; (ii) the suitable micro/mesoporous structure afforded low‐resistant diffusion channels that offered more available active sites and sufficient contact between oxygen and catalyst; (iii) the highest degree of graphitization improved the electron transferring and thus led to high ORR activity.…”

“…On the other hand, supplemental nitrogen resource is indispensable since the majority of biomass is short of nitrogen. Borghei et al [20] found that the most popular raw material for biomassbased carbon were carbohydrates and polysaccharides, such as glucose and cellulose derivations, in which case ammonia, [21] dicyanamide [22] and urea [23] are widely utilized as nitrogen complements. Nonetheless, it should be noticed that those nitrogen-contained compounds have mature and profitable industrial application, such as intermediate for fine chemicals, and the relatively high cost is still the obstacle for preparation of N-doped carbon.…”

Nonsiliceous Mesoporous Materials: Design and Applications in Energy Conversion and Storage

“…This material showed remarkable activity in the H 2 evolution reaction and had a low overpotential as a result of exposed (210) facets . Modified carbon materials are also promising electrocatalyst candidates; examples include mesoporous network‐like carbon doped with N and mesoporous carbon frameworks enriched with N and embedded with Cu and Co . The use of mesoporous carbonaceous materials increases the number of active sites, facilitates mass transport of reagents, and minimizes catalyst poisoning …”

Mesoporous carbon prepared by etching halloysite nanotubes (HNTs) with pyrrole as a precursor for a sulfur carrier of superior lithium–sulfur batteries

“…Mesoporous carbon is a new class of non-silicon based mesoporous materials (2 nm < pore size < 50 nm) with large specic surface area ($up to 2500 m 2 g À1 ) and pore volume ($up to 2.25 cm 3 g À1 ), while having good conductivity, thermal stability, good biocompatibility, corrosion resistance, etc., and widely used in adsorption, separation, catalysis, electrochemical energy storage and other elds. [19][20][21][22][23][24][25] Due to the increase of pore volume, composite cathode with mesoporous carbon as sulfur carrier has higher sulfur loading capacity. When mesoporous carbon was originally used as a matrix material for carbon-sulfur composite and applied to lithiumsulfur battery, it was proved to have a higher initial discharge specic capacity, but the capacity attenuated rapidly as the battery cycle progressed.…”