Nitrogen-doped porous carbon monoliths from polyacrylonitrile (PAN) and carbon nanotubes as electrodes for supercapacitors

Abstract

Nitrogen-doped porous activated carbon monoliths (NDP-ACMs) have long been the most desirable materials for supercapacitors. Unique to the conventional template based Lewis acid/base activation methods, herein, we report on a simple yet practicable novel approach to production of the three-dimensional NDP-ACMs (3D-NDP-ACMs). Polyacrylonitrile (PAN) contained carbon nanotubes (CNTs), being pre-dispersed into a tubular level of dispersions, were used as the starting material and the 3D-NDP-ACMs were obtained via a template-free process. First, a continuous mesoporous PAN/CNT based 3D monolith was established by using a template-free temperature-induced phase separation (TTPS). Second, a nitrogen-doped 3D-ACM with a surface area of 613.8 m2/g and a pore volume 0.366 cm3/g was obtained. A typical supercapacitor with our 3D-NDP-ACMs as the functioning electrodes gave a specific capacitance stabilized at 216 F/g even after 3000 cycles, demonstrating the advantageous performance of the PAN/CNT based 3D-NDP-ACMs.

Phosphorus, nitrogen and oxygen co-doped polymer-based core-shell carbon sphere for high-performance hybrid supercapacitors

“…If some phosphorus functional groups can be present in the carbon lattice at the same time, it will inhibit the occurrence of certain side effects, such as oxidation of carbon electrode [5,7,8], thus increasing the potential operation window, cycle stability and energy density of the SCs. In this respect, functionalization of carbonaceous materials with heteroatoms, such as phosphorus [5,8], nitrogen [9,10], boron [11], sulphur [12] and dual heteroatom co-doped carbon materials [13][14][15] have been recently studied as electrode in SCs. Besides the surface chemistry, the porous structure of carbon electrode can also greatly influence the electrochemical performance of the SCs.…”

Carbon Nanotubes-Based Nanomaterials and Their Agricultural and Biotechnological Applications

“…CNTs are not only light in weight, but also have a sufficient area for hydrogen storing in their tubular structure, which can increase the charge storage capacity per unit mass [158][159][160][161][162][163][164][165][166]. CNTs can also be utilized in other electrochemical applications [167,168] and supercapacitor preparation [169][170][171][172]. An increased surface area of CNMs is required for energy applications with pore sizes of 0.7 to 0.9 nm, which are suitable for the ions approach.…”

Long-term performance and durability of Ir/B4C multilayer x-ray mirrors: focusing on composition, structure, and reflectivity properties

“…This is attributed to sp 2 hybridized carbon. 34,36,40,41 The broad peaks are overlapping features from the C─Fe at 283.3 eV and the C─B bond. The same gradual shift of the C 1s signal was observed in boron carbide films by Ronning et al 42 B 4 C-related C 1s features are expected at 282.7 and 284.0 eV, but the latter peak does not show up in our scans.…”