Nitrogen Effects on Cotton: I. Vegetative and Fruiting Characteristics

Gardner, B. R.; Tucker, T. C.

doi:10.2136/sssaj1967.03615995003100060022x

Cited by 35 publications

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“…Nitrogen fertilizer has been shown to increase leaf number and leaf area (Bondada et al, 1996), plant height (Gardner and Tucker, 1967), number of nodes (Jackson and Gerik, 1990), Bronson et al, 2003). Zhao et al (2010) found that the seasonal pattern of N concentrations derived from the entire plant canopy was consistent to the analysis obtained from uppermost, fully expanded leaves.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 57%

Inter-relationships of cotton plant height, canopy width, ground cover and plant nitrogen status indicators

Muharam¹,

Bronson²,

Maas³

et al. 2014

Field Crops Research

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a b s t r a c tPetiole-NO 3 , leaf N and chlorophyll (SPAD) meter readings are good in-season indicators of the N status of the uppermost part of cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) plants. , particularly is widely used in the USA as an in-season plant N test that guides N fertilizer recommendations in cotton. However, these N status indicators do not take account of plant biomass, canopy width or percent cover. The objectives of this study were to assess the effect of N fertilizer rates on the commonly used indicators of plant N status; leaf N, petiole sap NO 3 and chlorophyll meter (SPAD) readings and the plant growth measurements; plant height, canopy width, and percent ground cover, and determine to inter-correlations among the them. Irrigated field studies were conducted at Lubbock, TX USA in 2010 and 2011, New Deal, TX in 2010, and at Halfway, TX in 2011. Zero-N and a full N fertilizer rate of 134, 101, and 112 kg N ha −1 were used at Lubbock, New Deal, and Halfway, respectively. The 2010 cotton growing season in West Texas was much wetter than average, and the 2011 season was much drier than normal. As a result, plant height, canopy width, and ground cover were greater in the 2010 sites than in 2011. The effects of N fertilizer were greatest for the two cultivars in subsurface drip irrigation (SDI) at New Deal in 2010 for all three N status indicators, and for the three plant growth measures compared to the other site-years. Correlation analysis indicated that among the three plant N indicators, leaf N was the most sensitive to plant parameters. These effects were positive in 2010 and negative in the 2011 dry year. Petiole NO 3 was the plant N indicator that was the most insensitive to plant growth, but the marked seasonal decline pattern reduces its usefulness for late-season N management.Published by Elsevier B.V.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 57%

Inter-relationships of cotton plant height, canopy width, ground cover and plant nitrogen status indicators

Muharam¹,

Bronson²,

Maas³

et al. 2014

Field Crops Research

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“…[4] From germination to cotyledonary growth, nutrient demand is not high due to limited root exploration and photosynthesis capability. [7] Lay-by nitrogen applications can remedy nitrogen deficiencies before significant yield loss, but 744 Rinehardt et al If labile nitrogen is exhausted from the soil during this period, development will be limited and yield potential will be reduced.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Response of Ultra–Narrow and Conventional Spaced Cotton to Variable Nitrogen Rates

Rinehardt

Edmisten

Wells

et al. 2004

Journal of Plant Nutrition

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Insufficient nitrogen (N) uptake in cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) has been shown to delay maturity and decrease lint yields, while excessive amounts will cause a host of disadvantages, ranging from increased insect damage to defoliation difficulties. Proper nitrogen fertilization rates are therefore essential to maximizing lint production while minimizing input costs. This test was designed to determine if ultra-narrow row cotton (UNRC) has similar nitrogen requirements as conventional row cotton (CRC). Two sites, one in peanuts and the other fallow the previous growing season, and four nitrogen rates (45, 67, 90, and 112 kg N ha À1 ) were used to compare soil fertility and nitrogen effects on petiole nitrate concentrations, ORDER REPRINTS lint yields, and ginning percentages. Although petiole nitrate concentrations between early and peak bloom were lower in ultranarrow row cotton with 45 and 67 kg N ha À1 , there was no correlation between petiole nitrate concentrations and lint yield. Conventional spacing receiving 67 kg N ha À1 had the highest lint production at both locations, while application of 90 kg N ha À1 produced the highest yields in UNRC at both locations. Ultranarrow row cotton produced numerically higher yields than conventional row at all nitrogen rates at the location without a previous legume crop, but no significant trend was observed. Ultranarrow row cotton lint percentages were significantly lower than conventional spacing, independent of nitrogen application rate.

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“…In addition, even though there were no significant differences for the first productive PP (Table 5), these results seem to be partially related to the lower accumulated boll number at early fruiting sites. Usually, increased N rates intensify vegetative growth (Gardner and Tucker, 1967;Gerik et al, 1994;Zhou and Yin, 2014), which may result in a lower yield proportion at first PPs. This response was clearly observed in Itapeva, where the two highest N rates resulted in at least 3.19 more bolls per plant compared with the two lowest ones above the 16th PP (Table 6).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Shading and Nitrogen Effects on Cotton Earliness Assessed by Boll Yield Distribution

2019

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Shading and N fertilization affect fruit distribution in cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.), but there is no detailed information on earliness of crop maturity according to phenological development. The aim of this work was to evaluate the effect of shading at early flowering and N top‐dressing rates on relative cotton earliness using plant mapping. Field experiments were conducted in Itapeva (16 d of shading; and 0, 60, 120, and 180 kg N ha−1) and Chapadão do Sul (17 d of shading; 0, 80, and 160 kg N ha−1; and early‐ and full‐season cultivars), Brazil. Seed cotton yield was grouped by phenological position (PP) according to the standard phenological scale, for interpolation calculation at each 10% increment in accumulated harvestable yield (Ac), weighted average PP (PPwa) determination, and logistic‐regression analysis. Crop maturity earliness was predicted based on the reduction in PPwa and in PP. Shading increased PP up to 10 and 30% of Ac due to a decrease of 33 and 40% in the number of bolls on early fruiting sites in Itapeva and Chapadão do Sul, respectively, but did not affect PPwa. Increases in PP up to high Ac percentages and in PPwa values were observed at the two higher N rates in both experiments, mainly due to lower and higher boll number at earlier and later fruiting sites, respectively. Short‐term shading during early flowering of cotton changed yield distribution by decreasing boll number on early fruiting sites, but did not affect the earliness of crop maturity. Earliness was decreased by high N rates due to higher cumulative seed cotton yield at later fruiting sites.

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Nitrogen Effects on Cotton: I. Vegetative and Fruiting Characteristics

Cited by 35 publications

References 0 publications

Inter-relationships of cotton plant height, canopy width, ground cover and plant nitrogen status indicators

Inter-relationships of cotton plant height, canopy width, ground cover and plant nitrogen status indicators

Response of Ultra–Narrow and Conventional Spaced Cotton to Variable Nitrogen Rates

Shading and Nitrogen Effects on Cotton Earliness Assessed by Boll Yield Distribution

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