Nitrogen fertilizer rate and time effect on dryland no‐till hard red spring wheat production

Walsh, Olga S.; Walsh, Willow L.

doi:10.1002/agg2.20093

Cited by 8 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…Mean grain N uptake values varied substantially by year and location, with the lowest at Soda Springs in 2017 (43.9 kg In this study, grain N uptake was significantly affected by fertilizer N rate at only 4 of 14 site-years (Tables 6-8). This disagrees with findings by Walsh and Walsh (2020a) reporting that grain N uptake was strongly positively correlated with applied N fertilizer rates at both assessed locations. Walsh and Christiaens (2016) reported that N uptake increased with an increase in pre-plant N rates at 7 of the 8 site-years, while topdress N application increased N uptake in 5 of 8 site-years.…”

Section: Grain N Uptake and N Use Efficiencycontrasting

confidence: 99%

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Spring wheat yield and grain quality response to nitrogen rate

et al. 2022

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Nitrogen (N) is the most limiting nutrient in cereal production, yet its use efficiency remains very low at only 35%. Nutrient use efficiency (NUE) is crucial for increasing crop yield and quality while reducing fertilizer inputs and minimizing environmental damage. Optimum N rates that maximize yield without reducing NUE have been found to vary from location to location. This field study assessed the effect of N rates on the yield and quality of spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) at five locations in southern Idaho in 2015–2017. Nitrogen was applied as urea (46–0–0) immediately after planting at five rates: 0, 84, 168, 252, and 336 kg ha–1. Nitrogen application improved grain quality (increased protein) even when no increase in yield was noted. Nitrogen use efficiency and N uptake were affected by N rate at only 2 and 4 of 14 site‐years, respectively. These observations highlight the challenging task of pinpointing the appropriate N rates for optimizing wheat yield, grain protein, N uptake and NUE; and the importance of adjusting N rates based on location, year, and prevalent environmental conditions.

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Section: Grain N Uptake and N Use Efficiencycontrasting

confidence: 99%

“…Zhang and Raun (2006) noted that other yield goals in areas like the Midwest were determined by averaging yields from the past 5 yr and adding 20%. Nitrogen‐response trials and historical yields, however, are not always helpful in accurately estimating N (Walsh & Walsh, 2020). According to Raun et al.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spring wheat yield and grain quality response to nitrogen rate

et al. 2022

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“…When this N was applied at FK 5 , grain yield was likely high because it is the stage at which crop N uptake is high due to accumulation, partitioning, and remobilization of dry matter and N to leaves, stems, grain, and other organs (Zheng et al., 2020). However, when N rate is low, N application at FK 5 is unlikely to result in the highest yield as crops will prioritize the accumulation of grain N over starch (Gaju et al., 2014; Walsh & Walsh, 2020). The interaction between timing and rate of N application has also been found to have a significant effect on winter wheat grain yield (Woodard & Bly, 1998; Zebarth & Sheard, 1992).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Improving winter wheat grain yield and nitrogen use efficiency using nitrogen application time and rate

Aula

Omara

Oyebiyi

et al. 2021

Agrosystems Geosci & Env

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Preplant nitrogen (N) application, which involves placing nutrients in the soil before seeding, has been an integral part of crop production systems for decades. Some producers are known to apply N at least 21 d before planting. This may increase N loss and lower grain yield. This study evaluated the effect of timing and rate of N application on winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) grain yield and N use efficiency (NUE). An experiment with a factorial arrangement of treatments was set up in a randomized complete block design with three replications. Treatments included four N rates (0, 45, 90, and 135 kg ha–1) with each applied 7 or 30 d before planting, and at Feekes 5 (FK5). Grain N was analyzed using LECO CN dry combustion analyzer. The difference method [Grain N from (fertilized plot – check plot)]/N applied was used to compute NUE. Nitrogen application rate significantly affected grain yield (P ≤ .01). Although the rate may be temporally and spatially variable, approximately 90 kg N ha–1 was required to obtain yields that differ markedly from the check. Mid‐season applied N (FK5) had similar yields to preplant applied N in two of four site‐years and significantly increased yield at one site in 2020. Out of two sites, the timing of N application had a substantial effect on NUE in both years (P ≤ 0.11). In this case, NUE was increased by as much as 9.5% for midseason applied N compared to 30 d before planting N application time.

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“…A significant spatiotemporal variation in crop response to N is reported for wheat and other crops (Austin et al., 2019; Walsh & Walsh, 2020; Zhang et al., 2018). Wheat is a dominant crop and adoption of conservation tillage has resulted in improvements in soil properties and precipitation use in the US Great Plains region (Peterson et al., 1998).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Continuous winter wheat response to nitrogen fertilizer rate in long‐term reduced tillage semi‐arid variable yield environments

Obour,

Holman,

Assefa

2023

Crop Science

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Reduced tillage (RT) increased soil water storage compared with conventional tillage, enabling an associated increase in crop performance. However, information on nitrogen (N) fertilizer rates for RT systems is limited. The objectives of this long‐term study were to determine agronomic and economical optimal N rates for a continuous winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) system under RT at different yield environments. This study was conducted at Kansas State University Agricultural Research Center near Hays, KS, from 1971 through 2003. There were six N fertilizer rate treatments (0, 22, 45, 67, 90, and 112 kg N ha−1) arranged in a randomized complete block design with six replications. Over the 33 years, winter wheat yields ranged from a minimum of 370 kg ha−1 to a maximum of 3948 kg ha−1 with mean yield of 2015 kg ha−1 and standard deviation of 669 kg ha−1. Agronomic optimal N rates for wheat varied from 70 in very low yield (VLY) to 79 kg N ha−1 in very high yield (VHY) environment. The economic optimal N rates estimated for continuous wheat ranged from 59 in VLY to 71 kg N ha−1 in VHY environments. However, net profits from fertilizer application ranged from $63 in VLY to $443 ha−1 in VHY environment. We concluded that applying 60–70 kg N ha−1 would optimize dryland continuous RT wheat yields and profitability, but N removal and recovery efficiency (grain N [applied N]−1) are less in lower yielding environments.

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Nitrogen fertilizer rate and time effect on dryland no‐till hard red spring wheat production

Cited by 8 publications

References 30 publications

Spring wheat yield and grain quality response to nitrogen rate

Spring wheat yield and grain quality response to nitrogen rate

Improving winter wheat grain yield and nitrogen use efficiency using nitrogen application time and rate

Continuous winter wheat response to nitrogen fertilizer rate in long‐term reduced tillage semi‐arid variable yield environments

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