Nitrogen-fixing bacteria associated with bark beetles

Bridges, J. Robert

doi:10.1007/bf02032495

Cited by 87 publications

(58 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…Diazotrophic enrichment cultures were obtained by adding subsamples of 0.5 g soil to 125 ml serum-flasks containing 100 ml N-free semisolid medium [27]. The medium contained (g·l −1 ): 0.1, MgSO 4 ·7H 2 O; 0.5, sodium thioglycolate; 0.008, ferric citrate; 0.008, Na 2 MoO 4 ·2H 2 O, and agar 0.1% (w/v).…”

Section: Culture Enrichments and Isolation Of Free Living Nitrogen-fimentioning

confidence: 99%

Cultivable Nitrogen Fixing Bacteria from Extremely Alkaline-Saline Soils

Navarro‐Noya¹,

Luna‐Guido²,

Dendooven³

2016

AiM

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Three soils with different Electrolytic Conductivity (EC) from the former Lake Texcoco (soil with low EC 1.2 dS·m −1 , medium with EC 83.1 -107.8 dS·m −1 , and high with EC 137.3 -152.5 dS·m −1 ) were used to isolate nitrogen-fixing bacterial strains through enrichment cultures in nitrogen-free media. The medium and high EC in the soil affected negatively the nitrogen-fixing activity, which was generally ten times lower compared to the activity in the soil with low EC. Twenty-one bacterial strains were isolated, identified and characterized for their nitrogen fixation capacity. The diazotrophic genetic potential of all isolates was confirmed by amplification and sequencing of partial nifH and nifD genes and diazotrophic activity quantified by the acetylene reduction assay. Azospirillum brasilense, and several species of Paenibacillus (P. fujiensis, P. durus, P. borealis, P. graminis, P. massiliensis and P. wynnii) were identified. Isolates belonging to the Paenibacillus genus were found in the three soils. Paenibacillus fujiensis and P. durus showed a high nitrogenase activity. The phylograms based on nifH and nifD gene sequences were consistent with 16S rRNA gene phylogeny.

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Section: Culture Enrichments and Isolation Of Free Living Nitrogen-fimentioning

confidence: 99%

Cultivable Nitrogen Fixing Bacteria from Extremely Alkaline-Saline Soils

Navarro‐Noya¹,

Luna‐Guido²,

Dendooven³

2016

AiM

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“…Breznak (1975) suggested that N 2 -fixation rates may be higher in young, growing larvae due to higher N demands and this may also be the case for other wood-feeding insects. Consistent with this view, nearly half the bark beetle (Ips avulsus Eichhoff) larvae tested by Bridges (1981) exhibited acetylene reduction activity, whereas none of the adults was found to possess this ability. However, elevated rates of acetylene reduction in younger developmental stages have not been shown in all studies on wood-feeding insects (Rohrmann & Rossman, 1980;Curtis & Waller, 1998).…”

Section: Gut-dwelling Microbesmentioning

confidence: 62%

“…A number of early efforts attempted to identify the organisms responsible for N 2 fixation in the guts of wood-feeding insects by culturing them on N-free media and testing for acetylene reduction (French et al, 1976;Potrikus & Breznak, 1977;Eutick et al, 1978;Bridges, 1981;Kuhnigk et al, 1996). Because only a small proportion of gut microbes can be cultured, however, this approach provides limited information.…”

Section: Gut-dwelling Microbesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Insect‐mediated nitrogen dynamics in decomposing wood

Ulyshen

2015

Ecological Entomology

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Abstract. 1. Wood decomposition is characterised by complex and poorly understood nitrogen (N) dynamics with unclear implications for forest nutrient cycling and productivity. Wood-dwelling microbes have developed unique strategies for coping with the N limitations imposed by their substrate, including the translocation of N into wood by cord-forming fungi and the fixation of atmospheric nitrogen (N 2 ) by bacteria and Archaea.2. By accelerating the release of nutrients immobilised in fungal tissues and promoting N 2 fixation by free-living and endosymbiotic prokaryotes, saproxylic insects have the potential to influence N dynamics in forests.3. Prokaryotes capable of fixing N 2 appear to be commonplace among wood-feeding insects, with published records from three orders (Blattodea, Coleoptera and Hymenoptera), 13 families, 33 genera and at least 60 species. These organisms appear to play a significant role in the N economies of their hosts and represent a widespread solution to surviving on a diet of wood.4. While agricultural research has demonstrated the role that termites and other insects can play in enhancing crop yields, the importance of saproxylic insects to forest productivity remains unexplored.

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“…4 Furthermore, the galleries constructed by bark beetles become habitat for a myriad of species. 11 Vast numbers of fungi 30 , bacteria 3 , mites 10,21 , and nematodes 16,19 along with other predatory and parasitic arthropods 22,24 inhabit the phloem material. The techniques provided here allow for direct observation of bark beetles, mites, and wood borers that typically live in subcortical environments.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Technique for Studying Arthropod and Microbial Communities within Tree Tissues

Aflitto

Hofstetter

McGuire

et al. 2014

JoVE

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Phloem tissues of pine are habitats for many thousands of organisms. Arthropods and microbes use phloem and cambium tissues to seek mates, lay eggs, rear young, feed, or hide from natural enemies or harsh environmental conditions outside of the tree. Organisms that persist within the phloem habitat are difficult to observe given their location under bark. We provide a technique to preserve intact phloem and prepare it for experimentation with invertebrates and microorganisms. The apparatus is called a 'phloem sandwich' and allows for the introduction and observation of arthropods, microbes, and other organisms. This technique has resulted in a better understanding of the feeding behaviors, lifehistory traits, reproduction, development, and interactions of organisms within tree phloem. The strengths of this technique include the use of inexpensive materials, variability in sandwich size, flexibility to re-open the sandwich or introduce multiple organisms through drilled holes, and the preservation and maintenance of phloem integrity. The phloem sandwich is an excellent educational tool for scientific discovery in both K-12 science courses and university research laboratories.

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Nitrogen-fixing bacteria associated with bark beetles

Cited by 87 publications

References 25 publications

Cultivable Nitrogen Fixing Bacteria from Extremely Alkaline-Saline Soils

Cultivable Nitrogen Fixing Bacteria from Extremely Alkaline-Saline Soils

Insect‐mediated nitrogen dynamics in decomposing wood

Technique for Studying Arthropod and Microbial Communities within Tree Tissues

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