Nitrogen‐Irrigation Interactions in Burley Tobacco Production<sup>1</sup>

Franklin, R. E.; Teater, R. W.; Curry, R. B.; Schwab, G. O.

doi:10.2134/agronj1964.00021962005600030032x

Cited by 3 publications

(4 citation statements)

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“…As opposed to water volume, with a nitrogen fertilization increase up to 160 kg ha -1 the price index increased. These results confirm those of CASTELLI et al (12), EVANYLO and SIMS (19) and FRANKLIN et al (21), while LINK and TERRILL (32) observed no differences between 110 and 225 kg ha -1 and ATKINSON and SIMS (7) reported leaf quality to be lowered with either very low (0-80 kg ha -1 ) or very high (300-400 kg ha -1 ) applications of N fertilizer. Given the different effects of N rate and water volume on yield and price index, the higher class A equivalent yield was achieved with 80% ET and 160 kg ha -1 of N, confirming the results of LINK and TERRILL (32), who found no differences in yield value between 170 and 225 kg ha -1 of N, and PELIVANOSKA et al (52), who obtained their best results with 150 kg ha -1 of N and with irrigation at 50-70% of field water capacity.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

“…As regards yield quality, the data showed a decreasing price index with increasing water volumes, particularly in the unfertilized plot. This result contradicts the results reported by FRANKLIN et al, (21) who observed no water volume effect on yield or the price index, and also the findings of CAVLEK et al (13), MAJERNIK (37), and MCKEE and STREET (39) who all observed yield and price Table 1. Effects of experimental factors, and leaf stalk position on brightness (L*), chroma (C*) and hue (H*) chromatic parameters, and total color difference for air-cured tobacco leaves.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 70%

“…Not only is water the main component of plant tissues, but it also facilitates mineral absorption and enters all biochemical, physical and cell wall processes that occur in the plant (24,25,47,48). The availability of this factor has a major influence on growth (16,26,31,55) and leaf anatomy (2,51), as well as on the chemical composition of the leaf, that is, on its inherent quality (21,39,53,61). Among the mineral nutrients, nitrogen is the most important because it promotes plant growth by stimulating cell multiplication.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of Water Volume and Nitrogen Fertilization on Yield and Quality Traits of Air-cured Burley Tobacco (Nicotianatabacum L.)

Ascione¹,

Ruggiero

Napolitano³

2011

Beiträge Zur Tabakforschung International/Contributions to Tobacco Research

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SUMMARYBased on a two-year field trial in the region of Campania (Southern Italy) the effects of water volume and nitrogen fertilization on the yield and quality of Burley tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.) were investigated with reference to the following traits: cured leaf yield, price index, yield value, leaf area, specific leaf weight, burning capacity, color parameters, total alkaloid, nitrate and chloride leaf content. The experimental design was a factorial comparison among three water volumes (40, 80 and 120% evapotranspiration (ET)), four nitrogen fertilization levels (0, 80, 160 and 240 kg ha -1 ) and two genotypes (cv TN86 and the hybrid R7-11). The yield of cured leaves rose with the increase in water and nitrogen availability, albeit at a decreasing rate. With the increase in water volume, the price index, burning capacity, specific leaf weight, total alkaloid and nitrate content decreased, while leaf area and chloride content increased. Up to a rate of 160 kg ha -1 , nitrogen fertilization increased the price index, yield value, burning capacity, leaf area, specific leaf weight, total alkaloid and nitrates, and reduced leaf chloride content especially at 40% ET water volume. Both, nitrogen fertilization and water volume had little influence on leaf color. The year had considerable effects on yield, leaf area and color parameters, with higher values in the rainier season. In the two years, genotype TN86 showed higher stability for yield and yield value, lower alkaloid and higher nitrate content in the leaf than the R7-11 hybrid.[Beitr. Tabakforsch. Int. 24 (2011) 194-206

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 70%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of Water Volume and Nitrogen Fertilization on Yield and Quality Traits of Air-cured Burley Tobacco (Nicotianatabacum L.)

Ascione¹,

Ruggiero

Napolitano³

2011

Beiträge Zur Tabakforschung International/Contributions to Tobacco Research

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“…Kornalov (1959) indicated that this increase in grain nitrogen in wheat plants resulted from increased proteolysis in the vegetative parts and translocation of the resulting compounds to the developing grain. With other plant parts, particularly leaves, results are not so consistent, although water stress has been observed to increase the nitrogen content of tobacco leaves (Franklin et al, 1964).…”

Section: Grain Yieldmentioning

confidence: 88%

Plant Water Relations, Irrigation Management and Crop Yield

Fischer

Hagan

1965

Ex. Agric.

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Responses of crop yield to water stress are classified on the basis of physiological considerations. Crop growth is sensitive to water stress, particularly because of the physiological effects of stress on the production and maintenance of photosynthetic tissue. Crop yield, depending on the nature of the harvested organ and the origin of its constituents, may be more or less sensitive to water stress than crop growth. In applying this information to irrigation management, there is a need for simple quantitative measures of plant water status. The problem of avoiding water stress during critical ontogenetic stages and, conversely, the possibility of using moderate water stress at certain times to improve yield and the efficiency of water usage, are discussed.Recent comprehensive reviews (Stocker, i960; May and Milthorpe, 1962;and Gates, 1964) consider the effects of plant water stress on basic physiological processes such as cell metabolism, division and elongation, photosynthesis, and transpiration. However, there remains a need to relate basic research on plant water physiology to the effects of water stress on crop yield. This paper, in the light of recent research on plant water relations, discusses several types of yield responses to water stress and indicates how this information may be applied to irrigation management. Unfortunately, in most of the studies discussed in this paper, plant water status was not recorded and levels of water stress in the plants can only be inferred from soil water measurements or the irrigation programs. FACTORS AFFECTING THE WATER STATUS OF PLANTSThe water potential terminology of Taylor and Slatyer (1961) is used throughout the paper in discussing water status of plants and soils. Slatyer (1963) recently reviewed factors affecting the internal water status of plants. The water potential in a non-transpiring plant approaches the water potential in the soil, but with the commencement of transpiration a gradient in water potential develops from the soil, to and through the plant; thus water moves from the soil, through the plant, and out to the external atmosphere. The level, below that of soil water potential, to which plant water potential falls during the day depends on the magnitude and duration of the lag of absorption behind transpiration. Transpiration is governed by atmospheric factors such as radiation, air temperature, relative humidity, and wind speed, and water absorption is governed partly by

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