Nitrogen Isotope Fractionation During Archaeal Ammonia Oxidation: Coupled Estimates From Measurements of Residual Ammonium and Accumulated Nitrite

Mooshammer, Maria; Alves, Ricardo J. Eloy; Bayer, Barbara; Melcher, Michael; Stieglmeier, Michaela; Jochum, Lara; Rittmann, Simon K.-M. R.; Watzka, Margarete; Schleper, Christa; Herndl, Gerhard J.; Wanek, Wolfgang

doi:10.3389/fmicb.2020.01710

Cited by 11 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 49 publications

(87 reference statements)

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“…The ε RS1 did not change significantly among different pH values, while the ε CP1 was much lower at pH 6.5 than that at pH 7.5 and pH 8.5 ( Table 1 ). As discussed before, ε CP1 was probably affected by the isotopic fractionation during intermediate formation ( 33 ). With N. inopinata cultures, release of small amounts of NH 2 OH, NO, and N 2 O from cells has been observed during the oxidation of NH 3 to NO 2 − ( 34 , 35 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 71%

“…Isotope fractionation of NH 3 /NH 4 + equilibration and NH 3 uptake refer to reference 32 . This schematic illustration is modified from reference 33 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Compared to ε RS1 , 15 ε NH4+→NO2- based on product formation (ε CP1 ) is affected by other factors, including N intermediate (NH 2 OH and NO) accumulation and N gas (N 2 O and NO) loss. Mooshammer et al ( 33 ) demonstrated N assimilation to be the main factor responsible for the difference between ε RS1 and ε CP1 in the AOA species Nitrososphaera viennensis . In our experiment, we did not observe any significant change in the total protein content of the N. inopinata cultures at 0.1, 0.25, and 0.5 mM NH 4 + during the incubation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Three processes were considered and incorporated in the model in sequential order: (i) NH 3 oxidation (AO), (ii) NO 2 − production (NiP), and (iii) NO 2 − oxidation to NO 3 − (NiO). AO can also include isotope effects of equilibrium isotope fractionation between NH 3 and NH 4 + and of NH 4 + uptake and is distinguished from NiP, because the kinetic isotope effect of RS and CP of NH 3 oxidation can differ ( 33 ). The reason is that multiple processes consume NH 3 /NH 4 + , which is used for biomass formation and NH 3 oxidation, and that the NH 3 oxidation pathway in nitrifiers comprises several intermediates and by-products (hydroxylamine, nitric oxide, and nitrous oxide), which can also change the isotope effect as determined by RS and CP.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The variable cells (all ε and f values of all processes) are solved so that all modeled RS and CP values (concentrations and δ 15 N signatures) conform to the measured values. The ranges of variable cells (ε and f values) for each process were subject to constraints (see Table S1 in the supplemental material) with reference to published synthesis studies ( 7 – 10 , 14 , 33 ). The model was run for each incubation experiment and replicate individually, based on 1,000 iterations and using the GRG nonlinear engine as the solving method.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Nitrogen Kinetic Isotope Effects of Nitrification by the Complete Ammonia Oxidizer Nitrospira inopinata

Liu

Jung

Zhang

et al. 2021

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 71%

“…Isotope fractionation of NH 3 /NH 4 + equilibration and NH 3 uptake refer to reference 32 . This schematic illustration is modified from reference 33 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Nitrogen Kinetic Isotope Effects of Nitrification by the Complete Ammonia Oxidizer Nitrospira inopinata

Liu

Jung

Zhang

et al. 2021

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Characterization of nitrogen isotope fractionation during nitrification based on a coastal time series

Haas

Rakshit

Kalvelage

et al. 2022

Limnology & Oceanography

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Isotopic enrichment factors are key to using stable isotope signatures in biogeochemical studies. However, these are typically determined in laboratory experiments and their applicability to environmental conditions is difficult to test. Here, we analyzed nitrogen stable isotope changes associated with nitrification in a coastal basin using weekly time-series measurements of δ 15 N in particulate nitrogen, ammonium, nitrite, and nitrate. Two year-long time series were selected as contrasting natural experiments in the ammonium-rich, aphotic bottom water of Bedford Basin, Nova Scotia, Canada. In 2014, ammonia oxidation (AO) was associated with Thaumarchaeota and nitrite concentrations remained low (< 0.5 μmol kg À1 ). In contrast, transient nitrite accumulation (~8 μmol kg À1 ) and a more rapid δ 15 N NH4 increase in the fall of 2017 were likely caused by ammoniaoxidizing bacteria, associated with higher AO rates and, possibly, stronger nitrogen-isotope enrichment ( 15 ε AO ). Estimates of 15 ε AO (21.8 AE 2.2‰, 24.1 AE 1.1‰) were derived empirically using Rayleigh models applied to field data from restricted periods during which the bottom waters approximated a closed system and influence on 15 ε AO from other processes was demonstrably insignificant. Using a numerical reactive-transport model, we

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Role of different recombinant PrP substrates in the diagnostic accuracy of the CSF RT-QuIC assay in Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease

et al. 2022

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The development of the real-time quaking-induced conversion (RT-QuIC), an in vitro protein misfolding amplification assay, was an innovation in the scientific field of protein misfolding diseases. In prion diseases, these types of assays imitate the pathological conversion of the cellular prion protein (PrPC) into a protease-resistant and/or amyloid form of PrP, called PrP resistant (PrPRes). The RT-QuIC is an automatic assay system based on real-time measuring of thioflavin-T (Th-T) incorporation into amyloid fibrils using shaking for disaggregation. It has already been applied in diagnostics, drug pre-screening, and to distinguish between different prion strains. The seeded conversion efficiency and the diagnostic accuracy of the RT-QuIC assay strongly depend on the kind of recombinant PrP (rec PrP) substrate. The DNA sequences of different substrates may originate from different species, such as human, bank vole, and hamster, or from a combination of two species, e.g., hamster-sheep chimera. In routine use, either full-length (FL) or truncated substrates are applied which can accelerate the conversion reaction, e.g., to a more sensitive version of RT-QuIC assay. In the present review, we provide an overview on the different types of PrP substrates (FL and truncated forms), recapitulate the production and purification process of different rec PrP substrates, and discuss the diagnostic value of CSF RT-QuIC in human prion disease diagnostics.

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Nitrogen Isotope Fractionation During Archaeal Ammonia Oxidation: Coupled Estimates From Measurements of Residual Ammonium and Accumulated Nitrite

Cited by 11 publications

References 49 publications

Nitrogen Kinetic Isotope Effects of Nitrification by the Complete Ammonia Oxidizer Nitrospira inopinata

Nitrogen Kinetic Isotope Effects of Nitrification by the Complete Ammonia Oxidizer Nitrospira inopinata

Characterization of nitrogen isotope fractionation during nitrification based on a coastal time series

Role of different recombinant PrP substrates in the diagnostic accuracy of the CSF RT-QuIC assay in Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease

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