Nitrogen removal of thermal hydrolysis-anaerobic digestion liquid: A review

Divalent manganese stimulates the removal of nitrate by anaerobic sludge

“…AOB are autotrophic bacteria that oxidize NH 4 + –N for energy by using CO 2 as a carbon source. 34 Nitrospira is a complete ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (comammox), whose genome contains a complete genetic material encoding the full process of ammonia oxidation and nitrite oxidation, and they can directly oxidize NH 4 + to NO 3 − . 35 As the Mn 2+ concentration increased, the relative abundance of Ellin6067 gradually increased, which promoted the conversion of NH 4 + –N to NO 2 − –N; whereas the relative abundance of Nitrospira first increased and then decreased.…”