Nitrogen removal performance using anaerobic ammonium oxidation at low temperatures

Isaka, Kazuichi; Date, Yasuhiro; Kimura, Yuya; Sumino, Tatsuo; Tsuneda, Satoshi

doi:10.1111/j.1574-6968.2008.01095.x

Cited by 153 publications

(60 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…By far no pure strains of AnAOB have ever been obtained (Dapena-Mora et al 2004). Probably because of their slow growth rate, anammox bacteria are reported to be vulnerable to some external conditions such as low temperature, high dissolved oxygen (DO), and some inhibitors (Dosta et al 2008;Hendrickx et al 2012;Isaka et al 2008;Zhang et al 2010a). Even though facing quite a few difficulties in full-scale applications such as long-time start-up (van der Star et al 2007) and instability, anammox is still an innovative technological advancement in depleting ammonia from wastewater.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Anammox start-up in sequencing batch biofilm reactors using different inoculating sludge

Yang

Gao

2012

Appl Microbiol Biotechnol

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In this study, anammox bacteria were rapidly enriched in sequencing batch biofilm reactors (SBBRs) with different inoculations. The activated sludge taken from a sequencing batch reactor was used and inoculated to SBBR1, while SBBR2 was seeded with stored anaerobic sludge from an upflow anaerobic fixed bed (2-year stored at 5-15 °C). Nitrogen removal performance, anammox activity, biofilm characteristics and variation of the microbial community were evaluated. The maximum total nitrogen loading rate (NLR) of SBBR1 gradually reached to 1.62 kgN/(m³/day) with a removal efficiency higher than 88% and the NLR of SBBR2 reached to 1.43 kgN/(m³/day) with a removal efficiency of 86%. SBBR2 was more stable compared to SBBR1. These results, combined with molecular techniques such as scanning electron microscope, fluorescence in situ hybridization, and terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism, indicated that different genera of anammox bacteria became dominant. This research also demonstrates that SBBR is a promising bioreactor for starting up and enriching anammox bacteria.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Anammox start-up in sequencing batch biofilm reactors using different inoculating sludge

Yang

Gao

2012

Appl Microbiol Biotechnol

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“…This may lead to lower specific activities and growth rates for both anammox bacteria and AOB. Indeed, it was reported that the activities of anammox bacteria and AOB both decreased at 15 to 20°C (13,14) and that partial nitrification was difficult to achieve in winter because of the varying temperature of municipal wastewater (15). Nevertheless, several studies showed that nitrogen removal at a lower temperature by an anammox process can work (14,16,17); still, in none of these studies was it possible to maintain a stable anammox-AOB culture (nitritation-anammox) at temperatures lower than 20°C.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Indeed, it was reported that the activities of anammox bacteria and AOB both decreased at 15 to 20°C (13, 14) and that partial nitrification was difficult to achieve in winter because of the varying temperature of municipal wastewater (15). Nevertheless, several studies showed that nitrogen removal at a lower temperature by an anammox process can work (14,16,17); still, in none of these studies was it possible to maintain a stable anammox-AOB culture (nitritation-anammox) at temperatures lower than 20°C. On the other hand, in natural ecosystems, such as Northern European soils and marine sediments, anammox bacteria thrive under much colder temperatures and very low ammonium concentrations (M range) (18,19).…”

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confidence: 99%

Nitrogen Removal by a Nitritation-Anammox Bioreactor at Low Temperature

Lotti

Kreuk³

et al. 2013

Appl Environ Microbiol

264

131

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dCurrently, nitritation-anammox (anaerobic ammonium oxidation) bioreactors are designed to treat wastewaters with high ammonium concentrations at mesophilic temperatures (25 to 40°C). The implementation of this technology at ambient temperatures for nitrogen removal from municipal wastewater following carbon removal may lead to more-sustainable technology with energy and cost savings. However, the application of nitritation-anammox bioreactors at low temperatures (characteristic of municipal wastewaters except in tropical and subtropical regions) has not yet been explored. To this end, a laboratory-scale (5-liter) nitritation-anammox sequencing batch reactor was adapted to 12°C in 10 days and operated for more than 300 days to investigate the feasibility of nitrogen removal from synthetic pretreated municipal wastewater by the combination of aerobic ammonium-oxidizing bacteria (AOB) and anammox. The activities of both anammox and AOB were high enough to remove more than 90% of the supplied nitrogen. Multiple aspects, including the presence and activity of anammox, AOB, and aerobic nitrite oxidizers (NOB) and nitrous oxide (N 2 O) emission, were monitored to evaluate the stability of the bioreactor at 12°C. There was no nitrite accumulation throughout the operational period, indicating that anammox bacteria were active at 12°C and that AOB and anammox bacteria outcompeted NOB. Moreover, our results showed that sludge from wastewater treatment plants designed for treating high-ammonium-load wastewaters can be used as seeding sludge for wastewater treatment plants aimed at treating municipal wastewater that has a low temperature and low ammonium concentrations. N itrogen removal from wastewater treatment is necessary because of the significant adverse environmental impact of ammonia/ammonium, such as eutrophication and toxicity to aquatic life, on the receiving bodies. Generally, carbonaceous waste is removed in the first stage of wastewater treatment, which is followed by nitrogen removal systems. Conventionally, the removal of nitrogen (ammonium) is accomplished by the combination of nitrification and denitrification processes. Both of these are energy consuming and are associated with high costs. Moreover, these processes have an additional environmental impact due to high biomass production and greenhouse gas (CO 2 , N 2 O, etc.) emission, which promote global warming.Anaerobic ammonium-oxidizing (anammox) bacteria convert ammonium and nitrite directly to dinitrogen gas (N 2 ) under anoxic conditions. Since they were first detected in a denitrifying pilot plant by Mulder et al. in 1995 (1), anammox bacteria have been found in various oxygen-limited natural (2-4) and manmade ecosystems. The application of the anammox process in wastewater treatment results in significant energy reduction (60%) and greenhouse gas emission (90%) compared to those of traditional biological nitrogen removal processes (5-7). In fullscale nitritation-anammox wastewater treatment plants, ammonium-oxidizing bacteria (AOB) convert approx...

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“…D1 [9]. For nitrate reduction and the anammox reaction, the apparent activation energy values are 52.1 and 94 kJ/mol, respectively [11,12]. These results indicated that 1,4-dioxane removal by 1,4-dioxane-degrading bacterium Pseudonocardia sp.…”

Section: Evaluation Of Temperature Dependency Of 14-dioxane Removal mentioning

confidence: 51%

Biological 1,4-Dioxane Wastewater Treatment by Immobilized <i>Pseudonocardia</i> sp. D17 on Lower 1,4-Dioxane Concentration

Isaka

Udagawa

Kimura

et al. 2016

J. of Wat. & Envir. Tech.

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Biological 1,4-dioxane removal performance using newly isolated Pseudonocardia sp. D17, which can utilize 1,4-dioxane as the sole carbon source, was evaluated. A low level of influent 1,4-dioxane, at 5-50 mg/L, was treated to meet the Japanese effluent standard of 0.5 mg/L. The gel entrapment technique was used for immobilization of Pseudonocardia sp. D17 so that it is not washed out from the bioreactor under a short hydraulic retention time. Consequently, an average effluent 1,4-dioxane concentration of 0.49 mg/L was achieved at a loading rate of 0.096 kg dioxane/(m 3 · d) with an influent 1,4-dioxane concentration of 50 mg/L. The startup of the bioreactor was observed at 25°C within 2 weeks. Moreover, the effluent 1,4-dioxane concentration of 0.38 mg/L on an average was confirmed at a loading rate of 0.060 kg dioxane/(m 3 · d), even though the operating temperature was 15°C. The temperature effect on 1,4-dioxane removal activity was characterized on the batch experiment. The maximum 1,4-dioxane removal activity was observed at 33.9°C. Moreover, 1,4-dioxane removal activity was observed even at 7.4°C, although that was decreased to 27% compared with that at 25°C. The activation energy for 1,4-dioxane removal by Pseudonocardia sp. D17, representing the temperature dependency, was calculated as 51.9 kJ/mol.

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Nitrogen removal performance using anaerobic ammonium oxidation at low temperatures

Cited by 153 publications

References 21 publications

Anammox start-up in sequencing batch biofilm reactors using different inoculating sludge

Anammox start-up in sequencing batch biofilm reactors using different inoculating sludge

Nitrogen Removal by a Nitritation-Anammox Bioreactor at Low Temperature

Biological 1,4-Dioxane Wastewater Treatment by Immobilized <i>Pseudonocardia</i> sp. D17 on Lower 1,4-Dioxane Concentration

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