Nitrogen-Rich Energetic Metal-Organic Framework: Synthesis, Structure, Properties, and Thermal Behaviors of Pb(II) Complex Based on N,N-Bis(1H-tetrazole-5-yl)-Amine

Abstract

The focus of energetic materials is on searching for a high-energy, high-density, insensitive material. Previous investigations have shown that 3D energetic metal–organic frameworks (E-MOFs) have great potential and advantages in this field. A nitrogen-rich E-MOF, Pb(bta)·2H2O [N% = 31.98%, H2bta = N,N-Bis(1H-tetrazole-5-yl)-amine], was prepared through a one-step hydrothermal reaction in this study. Its crystal structure was determined through single-crystal X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and elemental analysis. The complex has high heat denotation (16.142 kJ·cm−3), high density (3.250 g·cm−3), and good thermostability (Tdec = 614.9 K, 5 K·min−1). The detonation pressure and velocity obtained through theoretical calculations were 43.47 GPa and 8.963 km·s−1, respectively. The sensitivity test showed that the complex is an impact-insensitive material (IS > 40 J). The thermal decomposition process and kinetic parameters of the complex were also investigated through thermogravimetry and differential scanning calorimetry. Non-isothermal kinetic parameters were calculated through the methods of Kissinger and Ozawa-Doyle. Results highlighted the nitrogen-rich MOF as a potential energetic material.

Synthesis, Crystal Structure, and Luminescent Properties of Novel Zinc Metal–Organic Frameworks Based on 1,3-Bis(1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)propane

“…Other areas of MOF applications now include catalysis, − including organocatalytic reactions inside the pores, biomimetic , and enantioselective transformations, enantiomer resolution, immobilization of biomolecules, antimicrobial materials, and drug delivery . Among emerging MOF applications are optical sensors, − electronics, − magnetic devices, , biomedical imaging, , and high-energy materials. , …”

“…31 Among emerging MOF applications are optical sensors, 32−38 electronics, 39−41 magnetic devices, 42,43 biomedical imaging, 31,44 and high-energy materials. 45,46 Functional properties of MOFs can be tailored almost at will by a careful choice of organic ligands, which can be rigid or flexible. 47 The use of flexible ligands often leads to increased disordering, which prevents the formation of crystalline MOF material.…”

Two Energetic Salts based on 5,5′-Bitetrazole-1,1′-diolate: Syntheses, Characterization, and Properties

“…To satisfy these requirements, substantial number of nitrogen‐rich compounds were synthesized due to their high densities and heats of formation, which principally attributed to the presence of abundant N–N bonds and C–N bonds as well as the extensive hydrogen bonds. Most of them exhibited excellent properties and therefore shown expansive application prospect in multiple fields as expected ,…”

Pushing the Limit of Nitro Groups on a Pyrazole Ring with Energy-Stability Balance

“…The spectacular development of metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) has drawn broad interest from many research fields including energetic materials and is encouraging the emergence of new energetic metal–organic frameworks (EMOFs). − The EMOFs typically consist of one- and two-dimensional (1D and 2D) structures formed by the coordination of nitrogen-rich ligands and metal ions. , Recently, three-dimensional (3D) EMOFs have attracted considerable interest owing to their rigid structures and high densities. , The coordination of metal ions with the nitro groups and active protons of azoles is a useful strategy to realize high-density 3D EMOFs . Recently, several groups reported the syntheses of EMOFs based on dinitromethyl- or trinitromethyl-functionalized azole rings (Figure b) .…”