Nitrogen Transport/Deposition from Paddy Ecosystem and Potential Pollution Risk Period in Southwest China

Guo, Shengli; Yan, Tao; Zhai, Limei; Yen, Haw; Liu, Jian; Li, Wenchao; Liu, Hongbin

doi:10.3390/w14040539

Cited by 8 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 75 publications

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“…Based on the fluxes, characteristic variation, and potential sources of the atmospheric wet nitrogen deposition in southwestern China [31][32][33], in addition to the annual nitrogen (N) deposition level observed in our study area [3.84 g•m −2 •a −1 ], different N deposition treatments (0, 5, 15, 30 g•m −2 •a −1 ) have been set up in previous studies. Combined with the annual increase in nitrogen deposition (0.05 g•m −2 •a −1 ), and wet N deposition rates of NO 2 , NH 3 , and HNO 3 in southwest China (0.6-5.46 g•m −2 •a −1 ) [34], we implemented four nitrogen deposition treatments: control…”

Section: Litter Collection and Simulated N Deposition Experimentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nitrogen Deposition Modulates Litter Decomposition and Enhances Water Retention in Subtropical Forests

Xing,

Hu,

Song

et al. 2024

Forests

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Nitrogen (N) deposition influences litter decomposition and its water-holding capacity in forest ecosystems. Water conservation remains a priority, so understanding these interactions is vital for managing forests, especially in the Yunnan Plateau region. This study aimed to investigate the effects of simulated N deposition on litter decomposition and water-holding capacity in the Evergreen broad-leaf and Quercus aquifolioides forest in the central Yunnan Plateau. Indoor flooding experiments were performed alongside varied nitrogen deposition treatments. Litter decomposition rates under these treatments were evaluated using the Olson model. In the decomposition study, the N treatments in the Evergreen broad-leaved forest increased the remaining mass by 4.75%–17.50% and 2.09%–16.36% compared with the control (20.97 ± 0.44% and 42.43 ± 0.47%), while in the Quercus aquifolioides forest, the remaining mass of leaves and twigs decreased by 5.00% and 0.70% in the LN treatment compared with the control (35.47 ± 0.39% and 44.10 ± 1.18%) and the MN and HN treatments increased by 2.55%–8.13% and 5.61%–11.28%, respectively. Effects of increased N deposition on litter decomposition changed from promoting to inhibiting, as low N sped up decomposition but higher levels inhibited it. Additionally, N boosted the water-holding capacity of litter, especially in leaves. The litter from both forests displayed a notable ability to absorb water. Nitrogen deposition modulates litter decomposition and water retention properties. Specifically, high nitrogen deposition increases litter water-holding capacity by inhibiting the rate of litter decomposition, which in turn alters its mass remaining rate, lignin, and cellulose remaining rates. Efficient management of the studied forests leveraging nitrogen deposition can boost their water conservation potential, aiding in atmospheric precipitation absorption and surface runoff regulation.

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Section: Litter Collection and Simulated N Deposition Experimentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nitrogen Deposition Modulates Litter Decomposition and Enhances Water Retention in Subtropical Forests

Xing,

Hu,

Song

et al. 2024

Forests

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“…Therefore, farmers would require more inputs of N fertilizers to achieve the target yield. Currently, the N input rates for major cereals, such as rice, wheat, and maize, are very high ranging between 150 and 250 kg N ha –1 for target grain yields because most of the N fertilization is done through the broadcast method which leads to ammonia volatilization ( Guo et al, 2022 ). So, the input of mineral and non-synthetic N fertilizers should be done properly not only for good crop yield, but also for environmental sustainability.…”

Section: Toward Better N Managementmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent trends in nitrogen cycle and eco-efficient nitrogen management strategies in aerobic rice system

Farooq

Wang

Uzair³

et al. 2022

Front. Plant Sci.

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Rice (Oryza sativa L.) is considered as a staple food for more than half of the global population, and sustaining productivity under a scarcity of resources is challenging to meet the future food demands of the inflating global population. The aerobic rice system can be considered as a transformational replacement for traditional rice, but the widespread adaptation of this innovative approach has been challenged due to higher losses of nitrogen (N) and reduced N-use efficiency (NUE). For normal growth and developmental processes in crop plants, N is required in higher amounts. N is a mineral nutrient and an important constituent of amino acids, nucleic acids, and many photosynthetic metabolites, and hence is essential for normal plant growth and metabolism. Excessive application of N fertilizers improves aerobic rice growth and yield, but compromises economic and environmental sustainability. Irregular and uncontrolled use of N fertilizers have elevated several environmental issues linked to higher N losses in the form of nitrous oxide (N2O), ammonia (NH3), and nitrate (NO3–), thereby threatening environmental sustainability due to higher warming potential, ozone depletion capacities, and abilities to eutrophicate the water resources. Hence, enhancing NUE in aerobic rice has become an urgent need for the development of a sustainable production system. This article was designed to investigate the major challenge of low NUE and evaluate recent advances in pathways of the N cycle under the aerobic rice system, and thereby suggest the agronomic management approaches to improve NUE. The major objective of this review is about optimizing the application of N inputs while sustaining rice productivity and ensuring environmental safety. This review elaborates that different soil conditions significantly shift the N dynamics via changes in major pathways of the N cycle and comprehensively reviews the facts why N losses are high under the aerobic rice system, which factors hinder in attaining high NUE, and how it can become an eco-efficient production system through agronomic managements. Moreover, it explores the interactive mechanisms of how proper management of N cycle pathways can be accomplished via optimized N fertilizer amendments. Meanwhile, this study suggests several agricultural and agronomic approaches, such as site-specific N management, integrated nutrient management (INM), and incorporation of N fertilizers with enhanced use efficiency that may interactively improve the NUE and thereby plant N uptake in the aerobic rice system. Additionally, resource conservation practices, such as plant residue management, green manuring, improved genetic breeding, and precision farming, are essential to enhance NUE. Deep insights into the recent advances in the pathways of the N cycle under the aerobic rice system necessarily suggest the incorporation of the suggested agronomic adjustments to reduce N losses and enhance NUE while sustaining rice productivity and environmental safety. Future research on N dynamics is encouraged under the aerobic rice system focusing on the interactive evaluation of shifts among activities and diversity in microbial communities, NUE, and plant demands while applying N management measures, which is necessary for its widespread adaptation in face of the projected climate change and scarcity of resources.

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“…Nitrogen loss through surface drainage from paddy fields is the main source of non-point pollution in South China [4,5]. Intercepting the water flow from the paddy fields into drainage ditches is a direct and effective way to reduce the agricultural nitrogen loss and relieve the water environmental problems [6]. Therefore, eco-ditches have increasingly been designed and applied.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Experimental Study of Paddy Drainage Treatment by Zeolite and Effective Microorganisms (EM)

Zhang

Jiang

et al. 2022

Sustainability

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Eco-ditch systems have increasingly been designed and applied as a strategy to decrease the risks of water eutrophication and contamination pollution for sustainable agriculture. The main goal of this study was to evaluate the water quality of eco-ditch substrates amended with zeolite and Effective Microorganisms (EM), such as pH, dissolved oxygen concentration (DO), ammonium nitrogen concentration (NH4+-N), and nitrate nitrogen concentration (NO3−-N). Laboratory experiments were conducted with four single substrates (soil, none substrates, natural zeolite, and zeolite loaded with EM bacteria) and two mixed substrates (soil and varying proportions of the additives, 0, 5 and 15%, m/m). Results showed that the concentration of NH4+-N was decreased with the increasing rates of additives, and zeolite loaded with EM bacteria had the highest nitrogen removal rate (97.90%) under static experimental condition. The application rate of 15% zeolite loaded with EM bacteria on the eco-ditch exerted a better effect on NH4+-N and NO3−-N removal without pH reduction, decreased by 87.19% for NH4+-N and 30.33% for NO3−-N, respectively. Path analysis showed that zeolite addition had a rapid effect (path coefficient = −0.972) on free NH4+-N ions adsorption in early 1–3 days, then EM loaded at zeolite further decreased NH4+-N (path coefficient = −0.693) and NO3−-N (path coefficient = −0.334) via bacterial metabolism. Based on the results, the applications of natural zeolite and Effective Microorganisms (EM) at an appropriate rate (15%, m/m) can significantly improve water quality of paddy drainage via exerting effects on nitrogen removal.

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Nitrogen Transport/Deposition from Paddy Ecosystem and Potential Pollution Risk Period in Southwest China

Cited by 8 publications

References 75 publications

Nitrogen Deposition Modulates Litter Decomposition and Enhances Water Retention in Subtropical Forests

Nitrogen Deposition Modulates Litter Decomposition and Enhances Water Retention in Subtropical Forests

Recent trends in nitrogen cycle and eco-efficient nitrogen management strategies in aerobic rice system

An Experimental Study of Paddy Drainage Treatment by Zeolite and Effective Microorganisms (EM)

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