Nitrogenous excretion in juvenile turbot, Scophthalmus maximus (L.), under controlled conditions

Dosdat, Antoine; Robert, Marianne; Tetu, N; Servais, F.; Chartois, Hervé; Huelvan, Christine; Desbruyères, E.

doi:10.1111/j.1365-2109.1995.tb00955.x

Cited by 37 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…The slope of the curve relating N intake and N gain was 0·46 in turbot and 0·44 in rainbow trout. This observation confirms the higher N retention efficiency in turbot compared with other farmed fish as already suggested by Caceres-Martinez et al (1984), Dreanno (1994) and Dosdat et al (1995).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 78%

Protein and arginine requirements for maintenance and nitrogen gain in four teleosts

Fournier

Gouillou-Coustans

Robert

et al. 2002

British Journal of Nutrition

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Besides being an indispensable amino acid for protein synthesis, arginine (Arg) is also involved in a number of other physiological functions. Available data on the quantitative requirement for Arg in different teleosts appear to show much variability. So far, there are very limited data on the maintenance requirements of indispensable amino acids (IAA) in fish. In the present study, we compared N and Arg requirements for maintenance and growth of four finfish species: rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss ), turbot (Psetta maxima ), gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata ) and European seabass (Dicentrarchus labrax ). Groups of fish having an initial body weight close to 5 -7 g were fed semi-purified diets containing graded levels of N (0 to 8 % DM) and Arg (0 to 3 % DM) over 4 to 6 weeks. For each species, N and Arg requirements for maintenance and for growth were calculated regressing daily N gain against daily N or Arg intakes. N requirement for maintenance was estimated to be 37·8, 127·3, 84·7 and 45·1 mg/kg metabolic body weight per d and 2·3, 2·2, 2·6 and 2·5 g for 1 g N accretion, in rainbow trout, turbot, gilthead seabream and European seabass respectively. The four species studied appear to have very low or no dietary Arg requirements for maintenance. Arg requirement for g N accretion was calculated to be 0·86 g in rainbow trout and between 1·04-1·11 g in the three marine species. Turbot required more N for maintenance than the other three species, possibly explaining its reputedly high overall dietary protein requirement. Data suggest a small but sufficient endogenous Arg synthesis to maintain whole body N balance and differences between freshwater and marine species as regards Arg requirement. It is worth verifying this tendency with other IAA.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 78%

Protein and arginine requirements for maintenance and nitrogen gain in four teleosts

Fournier

Gouillou-Coustans

Robert

et al. 2002

British Journal of Nutrition

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“…Dans cette étude, il représente environ 75 % de l'excrétion azotée totale mesurée (urée + AAT), valeur comparable avec les travaux de DOSDAT et al (1995b (DAVENPORT, 1990). Au cours du nycthémère, l'excrétion d'AAT présente des variations cycliques, en étroite relation avec la prise alimentaire, et un pic post-prandial est observé.…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

“…Au cours du nycthémère, l'excrétion d'AAT présente des variations cycliques, en étroite relation avec la prise alimentaire, et un pic post-prandial est observé. Ces résultats confirment les travaux de DOSDAT et al (1995b) et BUREL et al (1996 sur la même espèce. De plus, les profils d'excrétion d'AAT réalisés montrent que pour les photopériodes 8L:160, 12L:120, 16L:80, la durée du pic post-prandial d'excrétion d'AAT est en relation avec la longueur du repas.…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

“…Par contre, lorsque les animaux sont soumis à un éclairage continu (alimentation sur 22 heures), une relative stabilité des taux horaires d'excrétion est observée. Nos travaux confirment également que l'excrétion d'urée passe par un maximum en phase nocturne (DOSDAT et al, 1995b ;BUREL et al, 1996). En l'absence de phase obscure, une augmentation des taux horaires d'excrétion d'urée, d'amplitude plus faible, mais correspondant cependant à la phase obscure chez les animaux soumis à une alternance jour-nuit est observée : existerait-il un rythme endogène, calqué sur la photopériode, qui n'aurait pas encore disparu chez ces poissons stabulés deux mois dans ces conditions ?…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

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Capacités adaptatives du turbot (Psetta maxima) juvénile à la photopériode

Pichavant

Ruyet

Sévère

et al. 1998

Bull. Fr. Pêche Piscic.

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“…The peak frequency of courtship calls is reported during crepuscular (dawn and dusk) periods (Thorston and Fine 2002), and gulf toadfish have been anecdotally reported to be nocturnal (Robins et al 1986), but no studies have investigated this potential periodicity directly over a complete diel cycle. Diel nitrogen excretion patterns occur in other teleost fishes such as the Indian catfish Heteropneustes fossilis, juvenile turbot Scophthalumus maximus, the abehaze goby Mugilogobius abei, and the mangrove killifish Rivulus marmoratus (Saha et al 1988;Dosdat et al 1995;Kajimura et al 2002;Rodela and Wright 2006). On the basis of these observations, there is reason to suspect that there is a periodicity to gulf toadfish nitrogen excretion that has not yet been discovered as a result of the largely laboratory-based experimental approaches used to date.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 88%

Diel Patterns of Nitrogen Excretion, Plasma Constituents, and Behavior in the Gulf Toadfish (Opsanus beta) in Laboratory versus Outdoor Mesocosm Settings

Barimo¹,

Walsh²,

McDonald³

2010

Physiological and Biochemical Zoology

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Nitrogen excretion by the gulf toadfish (Opsanus beta) is of interest because of its high proportion of urea excretion compared with that of other teleosts. To better understand the factors influencing the timing of nitrogen excretion, the ratio of excreted urea∶ammonia, and the effector molecules regulating these processes, gulf toadfish were subjected to a series of experiments that moved them progressively from internal laboratory to outdoor mesocosm settings while assessing their behavior, nitrogen excretion patterns, levels of plasma hormones/effectors, and other parameters. In confined flux chambers in both laboratory and outdoor settings, toadfish nitrogen excretion was largely observed as urea pulses, with no apparent diel patterns to the pulses. Unrestrained toadfish in mesocosms exhibited distinctly nocturnal behavior, remaining exclusively in shelters during the day but taking several forays out into the mesocosm at night. In contrast to nitrogen excretion patterns in chambers, urea and ammonia were coexcreted in mesocosms and ratios for urea∶ammonia were very close to 1∶1 for both fed and fasted toadfish. The majority of measured excretion (and corresponding declines in plasma urea levels) occurred during two distinct periods of pulsing during daylight hours (0600-1000 and 1600-1800 hours). The declines in plasma urea associated with excretion were preceded by/coincided with declines in plasma cortisol. No day/night or hourly patterns in plasma serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine [5-HT]) were observed, but there was a strong positive correlation among all samples between plasma urea and 5-HT. There was also a negative correlation between plasma cortisol and 5-HT. As expected for a nocturnally active species, plasma melatonin was significantly lower in daylight hours. A variety of enzyme activities (glutamine synthetase, glutaminase) and mRNA levels (glutamine synthetase, urea transporter, and Rhesus proteins) showed no significant variation over a diel cycle. Unlike prior laboratory studies, our results show that gulf toadfish in a natural setting have a distinctly diurnal pattern of nitrogen excretion and that ammonia and urea are coexcreted. The decline in plasma cortisol associated with urea pulses noted in prior laboratory studies was not as evident in the natural setting.

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Nitrogenous excretion in juvenile turbot, Scophthalmus maximus (L.), under controlled conditions

Cited by 37 publications

References 47 publications

Protein and arginine requirements for maintenance and nitrogen gain in four teleosts

Protein and arginine requirements for maintenance and nitrogen gain in four teleosts

Capacités adaptatives du turbot (Psetta maxima) juvénile à la photopériode

Diel Patterns of Nitrogen Excretion, Plasma Constituents, and Behavior in the Gulf Toadfish (Opsanus beta) in Laboratory versus Outdoor Mesocosm Settings

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