Nitrosyl iron complexes—synthesis, structure and biology

Abstract

Nitrosyl complexes of iron are formed in living species in the presence of nitric oxide. They are considered a form in which NO can be stored and stabilized within a living cell. Upon entering a topic in bioinorganic chemistry the researcher faces a wide spectrum of issues concerning synthetic methods, the structure and chemical properties of the complex on the one hand, and its biological implications on the other. The aim of this review is to present the newest knowledge on nitrosyl iron complexes, summarizing the issues that are important for understanding the nature of nitrosyl iron complexes, their possible interactions, behavior in vitro and in vivo, handling of the preparations etc. in response to the growing interest in these compounds. Herein we focus mostly on the dinitrosyl iron complexes (DNICs) due to their prevailing occurrence in NO-treated biological samples. This article reviews recent knowledge on the structure, chemical properties and biological action of DNICs and some mononitrosyls of heme proteins. Synthetic methods are also briefly reviewed.

Nitrosothiol Formation and Protection against Fenton Chemistry by Nitric Oxide-induced Dinitrosyliron Complex Formation from Anoxia-initiated Cellular Chelatable Iron Increase

“…These complexes contain one iron, two nitrosyl groups, and two other ligands, all binding to iron ((L) 2 Fe(NO) 2 ) (3)(4)(5). In cells, low molecular weight thiols and cysteine-containing proteins (RSH) constitute the majority of DNIC ligands (3)(4)(5). DNIC exhibit a unique EPR spectrum characterized by a principal g value of 2.03.…”

“…It has been reported that the most abundant cellular adduct of ⅐ NO is dinitrosyliron complexes (DNIC) 5 (2). These complexes contain one iron, two nitrosyl groups, and two other ligands, all binding to iron ((L) 2 Fe(NO) 2 ) (3)(4)(5).…”

“…It has been reported that the most abundant cellular adduct of ⅐ NO is dinitrosyliron complexes (DNIC) 5 (2). These complexes contain one iron, two nitrosyl groups, and two other ligands, all binding to iron ((L) 2 Fe(NO) 2 ) (3)(4)(5). In cells, low molecular weight thiols and cysteine-containing proteins (RSH) constitute the majority of DNIC ligands (3)(4)(5).…”

Diamondoids in octahedral iron complexes: A DFT study

“…Nitrosyl complexes have been the object of strong and important studies because of their particular chemistry [18][19][20]. This radical manifests ubiquitous and chameleonic behavior that depends on its electronic count: it can act as a cation NO + , a neutral free radical NO or an anion NO -.…”

Synthetic Modeling Chemistry of Iron–Sulfur Clusters in Nitric Oxide Signaling

“…15 Although the majority of biological DNICs have S-donor ligands, such as cysteinate, DNICs ligated by other O/N-donor residues have also been observed. 5 Significant progress has been made in the identification of DNICs as the products of NO-mediated [Fe−S] cluster degradation, but it is not well understood what other product(s) may form during cluster degradation. Moreover, the effects that DNICs and other degradation products elicit once they are generated in cells also remain unknown.…”