Nitrous oxide emissions from a peatbog after 13 years of experimental nitrogen deposition

Leeson, Sarah R.; Levy, Peter E.; Dijk, Netty van; Drewer, Julia; Robinson, Sophie; Jones, Matthew R.; Kentisbeer, John; Washbourne, Ian; Sutton, Mark A.; Sheppard, Lucy J.

doi:10.5194/bg-14-5753-2017

Cited by 10 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…In contrast to the third hypothesis, N addition did not increase N 2 O emissions but enhanced absorption, which was rarely observed in previous studies (Couwenberg et al 2010, Oktarita et al 2017. Similar to our study, Leeson et al (2017) found that 13 years of N input in the level of 64 kg/ha/a which was lower than the level in our study could reduce N 2 O emissions, and they inferred that vegetation composition might be related to the N 2 O flux. We recognise that the N addition level in our study is rather higher than most of the previous studies (e.g.…”

Section: Environmental Factorssupporting

confidence: 55%

“…We recognise that the N addition level in our study is rather higher than most of the previous studies (e.g. Lund et al 2009, Leeson et al 2017, Gong et al 2018. The unusual N 2 O absorption may be related to surface subsidence because of continuous high-level of N addition killing Sphagnum mosses (Figure 6) and increase surficial peat decomposition (Bubier et al 2007, Moore et al 2019, which could be indicated by decreased C/N ratio in peat and elevated DOC in porewater.…”

Section: Environmental Factorscontrasting

confidence: 48%

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Nitrogen addition turns a temperate peatland from a near-zero source into a strong sink of nitrous oxide

Yi¹,

Lü²,

Bu³

2022

Plant Soil Environ.

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Peatlands, as important global nitrogen (N) pools, are potential sources of nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions. We measured N2O flux dynamics in Hani peatland in a growing season with simulating warming and N addition for 12 years in the Changbai Mountains, Northeastern China, by using static chamber-gas chromatography. We hypothesised that warming and N addition would accelerate N2O emissions from the peatland. In a growing season, the peatland under natural conditions showed near-zero N2O fluxes and warming increased N2O emissions but N addition greatly increased N2O absorption compared with control. There was no interaction between warming and N addition on N2O fluxes. Pearson correlation analysis showed that water table depth was one of the main environmental factors affecting N2O fluxes and a positive relationship between them was observed. Our study suggests that the N2O source function in natural temperate peatlands maybe not be so significant as we expected before; warming can increase N2O emissions, but a high dose of N input may turn temperate peatlands to be strong sinks of N2O, and global change including warming and nitrogen deposition can alter N2O fluxes via its indirect effect on hydrology and vegetation in peatlands.

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Section: Environmental Factorssupporting

confidence: 55%

Section: Environmental Factorscontrasting

confidence: 48%

Nitrogen addition turns a temperate peatland from a near-zero source into a strong sink of nitrous oxide

Yi¹,

Lü²,

Bu³

2022

Plant Soil Environ.

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“…The rate of N addition was 6.4 g N m −2 year −1 in order to establish non-N-limited conditions for this nutrient-poor bog (Reay et al, 2008). This rate is comparable to the level of N addition treatments used in other peatland studies (Juutinen et al, 2010;Leeson et al, 2017). Vegetation removal was undertaken manually.…”

Section: Study Site and Experimental Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Indeed, Leeson et al (2017) and Sheppard et al (2013) found that ~10 years of wet N addition did not increase N 2 O emissions but ~10 years of dry N deposition (ammonia‐N) significantly increased N 2 O emissions, which can be attributed to the change of vegetation. Long‐term dry N deposition killed much of the vegetation, and the ammonia‐N was presumably more available for N 2 O production (Leeson et al, 2017; Sheppard et al, 2013). Although wet N addition reduced the cover of Sphagnum and Pleurozium moss, it did not impact Calluna cover (Sheppard et al, 2013).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vegetation composition modulates the interaction of climate warming and elevated nitrogen deposition on nitrous oxide flux in a boreal peatland

Gong

2021

Global Change Biology

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Nitrous oxide (N 2 O) is a potent greenhouse gas that contributes 6% to global warming (IPCC, 2013) and can cause ozone destruction in the stratosphere (Ravishankara et al., 2009). Northern peatlands have accumulated not only large stocks of organic carbon (C) but also a great amount of organic nitrogen (N), approaching 415 Pg C and 10 Pg N (Hugelius et al., 2020). Despite this large organic N storage, peatlands are nutrient-poor ecosystems because organic N is not like mineral N that can be absorbed by vegetation directly. This large amount of organic N has the potential to be mineralized and stimulate N 2 O production under future climate warming, elevated N deposition, and vegetation composition change.

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“…120 applications per year. The distribution of treatment applications occurred approximately evenly over the whole year except for the middle of winter (Leeson et al., ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Response of a peat bog vegetation community to long‐term experimental addition of nitrogen

et al. 2018

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1. We report results from a long-term experiment in which additional nitrogen has been deposited on a peat bog in central Scotland for over 14 years, in three different forms: as ammonia (NH 3 ) gas, as ammonium (NH + 4 ) solution, or as nitrate (NO − 3 ) solution. The automated experiment was designed to apply nitrogen in such a way that mimics real-world nitrogen deposition. Background nitrogen deposition at the site was 0.8 g N m −2 year −1 ). 2.Observations of cover for 46 species were made. We analysed the change in six common species in relation to nitrogen dose and form. The responses differed among species and nitrogen forms, but five out of the six species declined, and NH 3 produced the biggest change in cover per unit of nitrogen addition. The exception was the graminoid sedge Eriophorum vaginatum, which increased dramatically in the NH 3 treatment. Multivariate analyses identified responses to nitrogen dose across treatments which were consistent with the univariate results.3. We surmised that the larger experimental response to nitrogen observed in the NH 3 treatment (cf. the NH + 4 and NO − 3 treatments) was because of the higher nitrogen concentrations at the vegetation surface produced by dry deposition. NH + 4 and NO − 3 were sprayed in solution, but much of this will enter the peat porewater, and be further diluted. Because NH 3 deposits directly to the leaf, it stays contained within the small volume of water on and in the leaf, producing a high internal concentration of nitrogen ions. 4. Synthesis. Consistent trends with nitrogen were discernible across species. All species showed a decline with NH 3 treatment, except for Eriophorum vaginatum which increased. In the absence of phosphorous and potassium (PK), all species declined with NH + 4 and NO − 3 , except for Calluna vulgaris and Hypnum jutlandicum. The effect of PK was not consistent across species. Per unit of nitrogen deposited, NH 3 generally had a larger impact on vegetation composition than NH + 4 or NO − 3 .However, the actual deposition rate of NH 3 on UK peat bogs is lower than the other forms. In the case of the most common species of the peat-forming genus Sphagnum, we estimate that NH + 4 deposition has the largest impact, followed by NO − 3 and NH 3 . 2008, 2011, 2014). Here, we build on this work in several ways.Firstly, we present a longer term analysis, with six additional years of experimental treatment. Secondly, we apply a linear mixedmodel approach (Pinheiro & Bates, 2006), allowing us to treat nitrogen deposition as a continuous variate, accounting appropriately for the correlation in residuals which arises from making repeated measurements on the same locations (quadrats nested within plots, nested within blocks). Thirdly, a phosphorus and potassium addition treatment was included in the experiment, but was excluded from most previous analyses. We include this interaction in our analysis. Fourthly, we apply multivariate analyses of species cover K E Y W O R D S air pollution, ammonia, multivariate analysis, nitrate, ...

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Nitrous oxide emissions from a peatbog after 13 years of experimental nitrogen deposition

Cited by 10 publications

References 40 publications

Nitrogen addition turns a temperate peatland from a near-zero source into a strong sink of nitrous oxide

Nitrogen addition turns a temperate peatland from a near-zero source into a strong sink of nitrous oxide

Vegetation composition modulates the interaction of climate warming and elevated nitrogen deposition on nitrous oxide flux in a boreal peatland

Response of a peat bog vegetation community to long‐term experimental addition of nitrogen

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