Nitrous oxide production in soils cropped to corn with varying N fertilization

Chantigny, Martin H.; Prévost, Danielle; Angers, Denis A.; Simard, R. R.; Chalifour, François-P.

doi:10.4141/s98-009

Cited by 59 publications

(52 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…This has been reported under maize [17,18] and spring barley [19]. Under these conditions, and when conditions are also conducive to denitrification, splitting fertilizer N applications could reduce N 2 O losses.…”

Section: Reduce Losses (B)mentioning

confidence: 67%

Nutrient Management in Support of Environmental and Agricultural Sustainability

et al. 2012

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Given that we must farm land in order to eat, the total environmental burden imposed by farming a crop, such as winter wheat in the UK, appears to be close to the minimum given current production techniques. The value of the services other than food production, such as flood water buffering, pollination, carbon storage and so on, that land can provide is relatively large compared with the value in reducing environmental burdens from pesticide use, nutrient pollution and greenhouse gas emissions that might arise by farming less intensively. More land will need to be brought into cultivation in order to provide the same amount of food if the intensity of farming is reduced and the resultant loss of ecosystem services (ES) outweighs the reduction in other burdens. Nevertheless, losses of nutrients, especially nitrogen (N), from agriculture are a serious concern and the current cost of the environmental footprint of agriculture is significant compared with the value of the food it produces. This article examines nutrient burdens and analyses the means by which the total environmental burden might be reduced relative to productivity. These include increasing the efficiency of farming, removing constraints to yield, and establishing multiple uses for land at the same time as farming. It concludes that agronomic measures which improve nutrient capture and which obtain more yield per unit area are OPEN ACCESSSustainability 2012, 4 2514 valuable means to avoid degradation of environmental quality because both nutrient pollution and land consumption can be avoided.

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Section: Reduce Losses (B)mentioning

confidence: 67%

Nutrient Management in Support of Environmental and Agricultural Sustainability

et al. 2012

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“…High spring rainfall could have triggered losses of fertiliser N applied at pre-seeding by denitrification and/or leaching. Lower air-filled porosity and very high N 2 O production were reported by Chantigny et al (1999) on a Kamouraska sandy clay in June 1994 as compared with 1993. These very wet conditions in the St-Lawrence lowlands may have resulted in less plant-available N in 1994 than in 1993 and 1995.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 72%

“…Liang and MacKenzie (1997) found that for a sandy clay loam in the St. Lawrence lowlands losses of NO 3 -by denitrification were related to soil moisture in April and May. Chantigny et al (1999) reported that denitrification rates were inversely related to air-filled porosity. For personal use only.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Underseeded clover as a nitrogen source for spring wheat on a Gleysol

Garand¹,

Simard²,

MacKenzie³

et al. 2001

Can. J. Soil. Sci.

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. 2001. Underseeded clover as a nitrogen source for spring wheat on a Gleysol. Can. J. Soil Sci. 81: 93-102. Although there is a potential to substantially reduce N fertiliser inputs by cropping spring cereals with an interseeded legume, the agronomic value and the nitrate catch-crop effect associated with this practice are not documented under the conditions of eastern Canada. This 3-yr study estimated N credits and non-N nutritional effects for interseeded clover (Trifolium pratense L. 'Arlington') in spring wheat production (Triticum aestivum L. 'Algot') and assessed fall and spring nitrate (NO 3 -) in soil. The soil is a St. Urbain clay (Orthic Gleysol) located in the St. Lawrence lowlands. Ammonium nitrate (NH 4 NO 3 ) was applied at 0, 40, 80, 120 and 160 kg N ha -1 with or without red clover as a companion crop. Clover was incorporated as a green manure crop in mid-November. Clover significantly (P ≤ 0.05) influenced wheat yield response to N fertilisation for 2 of the 3 yr. Clover did not reduce wheat grain yield through competition between the two plant species. Higher wheat yields with clover were attributed to N supplied by clover through mineralisation of residues incorporated in the soil the previous fall. Nitrogen fertiliser replacement value of clover was approximately 80 kg N ha -1 for 1994 and 1995. Clover occasionally increased NO 3 --N measured in the soil profile in late fall and in spring. Interseeded red clover may provide most of the N needs of a companion spring wheat crop in fine-textured gleysolic soils, but is an inefficient N catch-crop.

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“…VWC and WFP for the Lower Longley, Lucaston and the inter-row at Young showed an atypical significant negative (weak) influence on N 2 O emissions. Elevated emissions are linked to WFP > 60% (Chantigny et al 1998;Helgason et al 2005) and VWC > 0.55 cm 3 cm -3 (van der Weerden et al 2012), conditions rarely seen in the orchards during the study period. For these sites, during winter when WFP and VWC were highest, soil temperatures were extremely low and accounted for the negative correlation observed and the moderately negative correlation between VWC and N 2 O emissions in winter (r = -0.506).…”

Section: Temporal and Spatial Variability Of N 2 O Emissionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Benchmarking nitrous oxide emissions in deciduous tree cropping systems

Swarts

Montagu²,

Oliver

et al. 2016

Soil Res.

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Abstract. Nitrous oxide (N 2 O) emissions contribute 6% of the global warming effect and are derived from the activity of soil-based microorganisms involved in nitrification and denitrification processes. There is a paucity of greenhouse gas emissions data for Australia's horticulture industry. In this study we investigated N 2 O flux from two deciduous fruit tree crops, apples and cherries, in two predominant growing regions in eastern Australia, the Huon Valley in southern Tasmania (Lucaston -apples and Lower Longley -cherries), and high altitude northern New South Wales (Orange -apples and Young -cherries). Estimated from manual chamber measurements over a 12-month period, average daily emissions were very low ranging from 0.78 g N 2 O-N ha -1 day -1 in the apple orchard at Lucaston to 1.86 g N 2 O-N ha -1 day -1 in the cherry orchard in Lower Longley. Daily emissions were up to 50% higher in summer (maximum 5.27 g N 2 O-N ha -1 day -1 at Lower Longley) than winter (maximum 2.47 g N 2 O-N ha -1 day -1 at Young) across the four trial orchards. N 2 O emissions were~40% greater in the inter-row than the tree line for each orchard. Daily flux rates were used as a loss estimate for annual emissions, which ranged from 298 g N 2 O-N ha -1 year -1 at Lucaston to 736 g N 2 O-N ha -1 year -1 at Lower Longley. Emissions were poorly correlated with soil temperature, volumetric water content, water filled porosity, gravimetric water content and matric potential -with inconsistent patterns between sites, within the tree line and inter-row and between seasons. Stepwise linear regression models for the Lucaston site accounted for less than 10% of the variance in N 2 O emissions, for which soil temperature was the strongest predictor. N 2 O emissions in deciduous tree crops were among the lowest recorded for Australian agriculture, most likely due to low rates of N fertiliser, cool temperate growing conditions and highly efficient drip irrigation systems. We recommend that optimising nutrient use efficiency with improved drainage and a reduction in soil compaction in the inter-row will facilitate further mitigation of N 2 O emissions.

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Nitrous oxide production in soils cropped to corn with varying N fertilization

Cited by 59 publications

References 32 publications

Nutrient Management in Support of Environmental and Agricultural Sustainability

Nutrient Management in Support of Environmental and Agricultural Sustainability

Underseeded clover as a nitrogen source for spring wheat on a Gleysol

Benchmarking nitrous oxide emissions in deciduous tree cropping systems

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