Vancomycin-induced renal toxicity was reported in 10-20 % and 30-40 % of patients following conventional and high doses of vancomycin therapy, respectively .The most probable mechanism for its nephrotoxicity can be at least partially attributable to an increased production of reactive oxygen species and oxidative stress. There are a number of different risk factors which could accelerate or potentiate the occurrence of vancomycin-induced nephrotoxicity, with the most documented risk factors being high trough vancomycin level (especially >20 mg/L) or doses (>4 g/day), concomitant treatment with nephrotoxic agents, prolonged therapy (even more than 7 days), and admittance to an intensive care unit (especially prolonged stay). It is necessary to carry out more studies, especially those focused on the association between nephrotoxicity and high trough levels of vancomycin.