Níveis de suplemento energético para bovinos em pastagens tropicais e seus efeitos no consumo de forragem e fermentação ruminal

Dórea, João Ricardo Rebouças

doi:10.11606/d.11.2011.tde-10022011-095534

Cited by 3 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 106 publications

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“…There has been a collation of data from Brazil (Dórea, 2010;Detmann et al, 2014;Barbero et al, 2015;De Oliveira et al, 2016) and these generally outline the same features: CP ranged from 3.4-21.0% and live weight gain ranged from −0.36-1.2 kg/day. Data from Brazil more closely aligned with that from the endowed zone of Queensland and not as harsh or challenging as that from the dry tropics of Australia.…”

Section: Annual Live Weight Gainmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…In Australia, high-cost supplements are often uneconomic and unless they are required within the growth path to a profitable end point, are best not used except for minimal low-cost supplements such as urea. In Brazil, where supplements are much cheaper and a wider range is available, the result appears be very different (Dórea, 2010;Detmann et al, 2014;Barbero et al, 2015;De Oliveira et al, 2016).…”

Section: Supplementation Strategiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In Brazil, supplements seem to be used widely and at low levels and the basis for the response and need is not clear in all cases. Similarly, the basal pasture is of higher CP than the dry season in Australia or has a much shorter period when CP is low (Dórea, 2010;Detmann et al, 2014;Barbero et al, 2015;De Oliveira et al, 2016), and once again, the need for a supplement in all cases must be questioned. Winks and Laing (1972) showed that urea supplements did not increase live weight gain until faecal CP fell below 8% CP.…”

Section: Supplementation Strategiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Challenges of beef cattle production from tropical pastures

et al. 2018

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-The live weight gain of cattle on tropical pastures is reviewed and found to be low and dependent on the length of the growing season. Supplements may be added to address the primary limiting nutrient, which, in the dry season, is crude protein. The response relationships of live weight gain to level of supplement (protein or energy) that have been developed for animals on pasture in Brazil and Australia have been compared and found to be very similar. This gives confidence in recommending a supplementation strategy for cattle on tropical pastures. Response in the wet season was very low and likely to be uneconomic compared with dry season supplementation. Supplementation is costly and should only be used as a last resort, but the strategy needs to be viewed in the context of a growth path to a defined market or slaughter weight. In Australia, high inputs in the first dry season are risky as subsequent compensatory growth can reduce or eliminate the weight advantage of a supplement. There is less financial risk in using supplements towards the end of the growth path. Growth paths can follow many forms and there is no need to maximise live weight gain in each period. Targeted supplements in the second dry season, leucaena based systems, other special-purpose pastures or crops, and feedlots offer the most economical way for cattle to meet market targets. The expected annual live weight gain and weaning weight are other major factors which determine the growth path, target market which can be achieved, and the level of intervention (supplements, legumes, feedlots, etc) which are required and when. Some recent results on growth paths in Australia are presented.

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Section: Annual Live Weight Gainmentioning

confidence: 96%

Section: Supplementation Strategiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Supplementation Strategiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Challenges of beef cattle production from tropical pastures

et al. 2018

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“…The values of LWG reported by Gimenes et al (2011) are in agreement with the average LWG of 0.2 and 0.8 kg/day for non-supplemented cattle observed in a compilation of Brazilian experiments during the dry and wet season respectively (Dórea, 2010). The CLW and productivity per area observed by Gimenes et al (2011) ranged from 150 to 130 kg/head/year and from 886 to 697 kg LW/ha.year depending upon the different grazing managements adopted.…”

Section: List Of Tablessupporting

confidence: 86%

Compensatory and catch-up growth in cattle

Silva¹

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Variation in nutrition leads to periods of restricted and accelerated changes in the liveweight of cattle, but less is known about the effect of level of nutrition and/or specific nutrients on skeletal growth. The endochondral ossification process at the epiphyseal growth plate drives longitudinal bone growth and by inference sets growth in skeletal muscle via a passive stretch mechanism. The physiological and morphological mechanism behind animal growth that drives adaptation of mammals during the transition from a low to high plane of nutrition remains a major biological question. Two experiments examined the effect of protein and energy on skeletal growth the perspective of the dimensional changes, trabecular bone remodelling (histology and bone biomarkers) and hormone. Data was then collated from these and other experiments conducted within this laboratory to develop a growth curve in liveweight-for-hip height of well-fed cattle and to identify deviations from this "normal" growth relationship.In the first experiment (Chapter 4), the effects of low and high crude protein (CP) content diets during metabolizable energy (ME) restriction on subsequent re-alimentation in Bos indicus and Bos taurus cattle were evaluated. Three treatment diets were applied; a control diet (High CP-High ME) and two restricted pair-fed ME intake diets differing in CP content (Low CP-Low ME and High CP-Low ME) for 93 days followed by re-alimentation of all treatment groups offered ad libitum access to the High CP-High ME diet for 103 days. In the second experiment (Chapter 5), a 2 x 5 factorial design was used to determine the effect of supplementation (0, 1, 2.5, 5, 10 g protein meal/kg LW.day) of a low CP hay during the first dry season (169 days) and weaning weight [Early (118 kg) vs. Normal (183 kg)] on longterm (~2 years) growth in liveweight and the skeleton and reproduction of replacement heifers in northern Australia. After the first dry season all treatment groups were subjected to the same level of nutrition by grazing the same pasture together.Across both experiments, higher plane of nutrition increased liveweight gain and skeletal elongation growth. Increases in ME and CP intake in cattle were positively associated with the height of proliferative and hypertrophic zones as well as with the diameter of terminal hypertrophic chondrocytes measured in growth plate biopsies of the tuber coxae. In addition, the diameter of terminal hypertrophic chondrocytes showed significant correlation with the broader measure of hip height gain in both experiments. Plasma bone-specific alkaline iii phosphatase and pyridinoline appeared to be effective bone biomarkers of formation and resorption in growing cattle respectively. Low ME intake severely reduced the plasma insulin and insulin-like growth factor 1 concentration in cattle, independent of CP intake. Cattle with the higher CP intake during ME restriction had higher concentration of triiodothyronine in the plasma and this was correlated with larger terminal hypertrophic chondroc...

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“…This improvement is explained by more rapidly fermentable carbohydrate in the rumen, what reduced rumen N-NH 3 , and increased microbial synthesis OWENS;GOETSCH, 1993), and also because of more of the absorbed N is incorporated in animal tissues. Animals fed corn at 0.3% BW did not reduce N in urine neither increased N retention, as showed in companion article and reported by Dorea (2011), because energy intake was not increased. For cattle grazing tropical forages with 5.08, 7.55 and 5.16 % CP (LAZZARINI et al, 2009;FIGUEIRAS et al, 2010; it was not observed improvements on microbial synthesis when protein supplements were fed, suggesting that energy was limiting the increases on microbial growth.…”

Section: Microbial Protein Synthesis and Nitrogen Efficiencysupporting

confidence: 60%

Energy supplementation for beef steers grazing tropical grass (Brachiaria brizantha, cv Marandu) managed under rotational system with different initial sward heights

Dórea¹

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Níveis de suplemento energético para bovinos em pastagens tropicais e seus efeitos no consumo de forragem e fermentação ruminal

Cited by 3 publications

References 106 publications

Challenges of beef cattle production from tropical pastures

Challenges of beef cattle production from tropical pastures

Compensatory and catch-up growth in cattle

Energy supplementation for beef steers grazing tropical grass (Brachiaria brizantha, cv Marandu) managed under rotational system with different initial sward heights

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