NIVO SPRINTERSKIH SPOSOBNOSTI, Eksplozivne snage I SPECIJALNE IZDRŽLJIVOSTI VRHUNSKIH MLADIH FUDBALERA NA RAZLIČITIM POZICIJAMA

Abstract

Cilj studije bio je da se analizira nivo sprinterske sposobnosti, eksplozivnih sposobnosti donjih ekstremiteta i specifične izdržljivost igrača u zavisnosti od pozicije u timu (golmani, odbrambeni igrači, vezni igrači, napadači) slovačkog fudbalskog nacionalnog tima ispod 21 godine (N=18, golmana n=2, odbrambenih igrača n=4, veznih igrača n=7, napadača n=5) tokom kvalifikacija za UEFA Evropskog prvenstva ispod 21 godinu 2011. Nivo sprinterskih sposobnosti dijagnostikovana je uređajem Fitro Light Gates (FiTRONIC, Bratislava, Slovačka Republika). Kriterijum za procenu nivoa bilo je vrijeme dobijeno na distanci od 10 m sa tačnost 0,01 s Nivo eksplozivne sposobnosti donjih ekstremiteta dijagnostikovana je uređajem FiTRO Jumper (FiTRONIC, Bratislava, Slovačka Republika). Kriterijum za procjenu nivoa eksplozivnosti bila je visina skoka u centimetrima (cm) sa tačnošću 0,1 cm. Izdržljivost je dijagnostikovana sa Yo-Yo intervalnim testom oporavka, nivo 2. Kriterijum za procjenu bio je ukupno pređena distanca u testu u metrima (m). Razlike u nivoima sprinterske sposobnosti, eksplozivnih sposobnosti i izdržljivosti su prepoznate i definisane kao posebni predmet analize. Nivo sprintertskih sposobnosti cijele grupe predstavlja prosječna sposobnost sa vrijednošću 2,21±0,08 s, nivo eksplozivnih sposobnosti sa prosječnom vrijednošću visine vertikalnog skoka od 39,0±4,2 cm i nivo specifične izdržljivosti sa prosječnom vrijednošću od 1283±294 m, što znači VO 2 max.kg-1 =62,7±4,0 mlkg-1 min-1. Posebnim predmetom analize nismo utvrdili bilo kakve značajne razlike u posmatranim parametrima između grupa podjeljenih prema poziciji u timu. Značajno niži nivo zabilježen je samo u nivou sprinterskih sposobnosti i specifične izdržljivosti kod golmana.

Motor Skills of Soccer Players Aged 16-18 in Regard to Competition Level and Playing Position

“…Assessment tests for explosive power of the lower extremities and the relative contribution of elastic potential (SJ, CMJ, and CMJA) showed no difference between team positions, which is in line with previous studies (Pivovarniĉek et al, 2013).…”

“…Most of the research has shown that explosive activities, like speed and agility do not differentiate players by playing position (Dauty, Bryand, & Potiron-Josse, 2002;Strudwick, Reilly, & Doran, 2002;Rampinini et al, 2007;Wisløff et al, 2004;Taskinen, 2008). There are several studies that have shown better results of forwards compared to other positions with regard to the sprint up to 20 m (Sporiš, Jukić, Ostojić, & Milanović, 2009;Pivovarniĉek, Pupiš, Tonhauserová, & Tokárová, 2013). On the other hand, in jumping activities, measured by squat jumps and countermovement jumps with an arm swing, significantly better results were observed in goalkeepers and central defenders (Lago-Penas, Lago-Ballesteros, & Rey, 2011; Boone, Vaeyens, Steyaert, Vanden Bossche, & Bourgois, 2012), while midfielders showed significantly lower scores than other positions on the team (Haugen et al, 2013).…”

Motor-functional profile of footballers of junior and cadet age

“…However, it should be taken into account that the nature of agility movements is closely related to speed (Chaleh et al, 2012), which has been confirmed in many studies. Reilli et al (2000) state that football players do not have to have good motor skills, however, they must have an appropriately high level in all abilities (Pivovarniček et al, 2013). Research conducted by Nedeljković et al (2011) found that there are statistically significant differences between football players of the cadet age of FC Vojvodina and members of the Serbian national team in the 10 m run.…”

“…It is considered that a high level of motor skills is a basic prerequisite for efficient learning and performing new motor structures (Gardašević, et al, 2012). As some authors point out (Reilly et al, 2000;Pivovarniček et al, 2013), football players don't need to have exceptionally good motor skills, but they must have an appropriate level of all abilities. In accordance with the above, the aim of the research is to determine the differences in motor and functional abilities in football players of junior and cadet age.…”