NMDA/glutamate mechanism of antidepressant-like action of magnesium in forced swim test in mice

Evidence for the involvement of NMDA receptors in the antidepressant-like effect of nicotine in mouse forced swimming and tail suspension tests

“…Also, administration of MgSO4 to rats subjected to traumatic brain injury significantly decreased the incidence and severity of post-traumatic depression (Fromm et al 2004). In our current study, MgSO4 exerted antidepressant-like effect in FST and TST at the dose 30 and 15 mg/kg, respectively, but it did not significantly alter the immobility time of mice at the dose 10 and 5 mg/kg in the abovementioned behavioral tasks (Poleszak et al 2006(Poleszak et al , 2007.…”

“…Ketamine (1 mg/kg in the FST; 0.3 mg/kg in the TST; 30 min prior to nicotine injection) (Cunha et al 2015;Ghasemi et al 2009;Mantovani et al 2003b), MK-801 (0.05 mg/kg in the FST; 0.005 mg/kg in the TST; 15 min prior to nicotine injection) (Cunha et al 2015;Ghasemi et al 2009;Mantovani et al 2003b), and magnesium sulfate (MgSO 4 ) (10 mg/kg in the FST; 5 mg/kg in the TST; immediately prior to nicotine injection) (Poleszak et al 2006(Poleszak et al , 2007 were coadministered with the non-effective dose of nicotine (0.1 mg/kg in the FST; 0.03 mg/kg in the TST; 30 min prior to FST). We have designed this part to evaluate whether NMDA antagonists, at doses which do not singly exert antiimmobility effect in the tests, are able to synergistically augment the effect of the dose of nicotine that does not show any antidepressant-like effect when administered alone.…”

Associations of Serum Ca and Mg Levels with Mental Health in Adult Women Without Psychiatric Disorders

“…A recent study showed that the NMDA receptor agonist abolished the Mg-induced antidepressant-like effects in forced-swim test in mice, whereas the NMDA receptor antagonists enhanced those effects of Mg with sub-effective doses [35]. These findings have demonstrated that Mg might be involved in the antidepressant-like activity in the NMDA/glutamate pathway, having interactions with other NMDA receptor antagonists or agonists leading to various antidepressant-like effects of Mg [35].…”

Estrogens stimulate serotonin neurons to inhibit binge-like eating in mice

“…Binge-like eating behavior was confirmed in the intermittent HDF group in the second week. At 11:00 am on Monday of the third week (the same time when mice would be tested for binge-like eating behavior), these mice were subjected to the forced swim tests using published protocol (47)(48)(49).…”