NMDA receptors in the basal ganglia

Ravenscroft, Paula; Brotchie, Jonathan M.

doi:10.1046/j.1469-7580.2000.19640577.x

Cited by 30 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 79 publications

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“…NMDA receptors are found in all basal ganglia nuclei, with the highest density being present in the striatum (Ravenscroft and Brotchie, 2000). The vast majority of striatal cells are the GABAergic medium spiny neurons (MSPs) that carry output to the globus pallidus and the substantia nigra.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is likely that this goal state, requiring top-down attentional processing to establish, was represented by neuronal assemblies mostly clustered in the prefrontal cortex (Miller, 2000;Miller and Cohen, 2001). The striatal output of these prefrontal units excites fast spiking neurons and MSPs via AMPA and NMDA receptors (Ravenscroft et al, 2000). If, in symptomatic HD-patients, striatal NMDA receptors are more receptive to endogenous levels of glutamate (Beal and Ferrante, 2004), the corticostriatal pathway should represent these goal states more reliably.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Increased Cognitive Functioning in Symptomatic Huntington's Disease As Revealed by Behavioral and Event-Related Potential Indices of Auditory Sensory Memory and Attention

Beste¹,

Saft²,

Güntürkün³

et al. 2008

J. Neurosci.

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Cognitive functions are thought to deteriorate globally in late stages of various neurodegenerative disorders. Here we describe that this general assumption is not justified and fails in Huntington's disease (HD). Presymptomatic gene mutation carriers (pHDs) and healthy controls performed worse compared with symptomatic HDs in an auditory signal detection task. During task performance, behavioral data and event-related potentials (ERPs) [i.e., MMN (mismatch negativity), P3a, and RON (reorienting negativity)] were recorded. Not only behavioral performance but also neurophysiological correlates of auditory sensory memory and attentional reorientation indicate enhanced performance occurring primal in late stages of a neurodegenerative disorder. Increased activity of the NMDA-receptor system, an assumed pathogenic mechanism in HD, might facilitate signal propagation at striatal level that enables more efficient task execution through a winner-take-all process. The results challenge the view that late stage neurodegeneration is necessarily related to a global decline in cognitive abilities in HD. In contrast, selectively enhanced cognitive functioning can emerge together with otherwise impaired cognitive functioning.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Increased Cognitive Functioning in Symptomatic Huntington's Disease As Revealed by Behavioral and Event-Related Potential Indices of Auditory Sensory Memory and Attention

Beste¹,

Saft²,

Güntürkün³

et al. 2008

J. Neurosci.

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show abstract

“…There, they are transformed to mean postsynaptic potentials by the H modules, which concentrate all the actual presynaptic and postsynaptic modulations of the synaptic activities. For the purposes of this study, we considered only glutamatergic excitatory connections, mediated by AMPA and NMDA receptors and GABAergic inhibitory connections, mediated by GABA A receptors (Gotz et al 1997;Ravenscroft and Brotchie 2000).…”

Section: Population Level Architecturementioning

confidence: 99%

A population level computational model of the basal ganglia that generates parkinsonian local field potential activity

et al. 2009

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Recordings from the basal ganglia's subthalamic nucleus are acquired via microelectrodes immediately prior to the application of Deep Brain Stimulation (DBS) treatment for Parkinson's Disease (PD) to assist in the selection of the final point for the implantation of the DBS electrode. The acquired recordings reveal a persistent characteristic beta band peak in the power spectral density function of the Local Field Potential (LFP) signals. This peak is considered to lie at the core of the causality-effect relationships of the parkinsonian pathophysiology. Based on LFPs acquired from human subjects during DBS for PD, we constructed a computational model of the basal ganglia on the population level that generates LFPs to identify the critical pathophysiological alterations that lead to the expression of the beta band peak. To this end, we used experimental data reporting that the strengths of the synaptic connections are modified under dopamine depletion. The hypothesis that the altered dopaminergic modulation may affect both the amplitude and the time course of the postsynaptic potentials is validated by the model. The results suggest a pivotal role of both of these parameters to the pathophysiology of PD.

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“…Additional information on the localization of receptors and transporters gathered through light microscopic immunocytochemical techniques, mRNA in situ hybridization methods and autoradiographic ligand binding techniques will not be discussed here, but recent reviews provide extensive coverage of these findings (Ravenscroft and Brotchie, 2000;Smith et al, 2000;Smith et al, 2001;Conn et al, 2005).…”

Section: Synaptic Localization Of Neurotransmitter Receptorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Glutamate and GABA receptors and transporters in the basal ganglia: What does their subsynaptic localization reveal about their function?

2006

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GABA and glutamate, the main transmitters in the basal ganglia, exert their effects through ionotropic and metabotropic receptors. The dynamic activation of these receptors in response to released neurotransmitter depends, among other factors, on their precise localization in relation to corresponding synapses. The use of high resolution quantitative electron microscope immunocytochemical techniques has provided in-depth description of the subcellular and subsynaptic localization of these receptors in the CNS. In this article, we review recent findings on the ultrastructural localization of GABA and glutamate receptors and transporters in the basal ganglia, at synaptic, extrasynaptic and presynaptic sites. The anatomical evidence supports numerous potential locations for receptor-neurotransmitter interactions, and raises important questions regarding mechanisms of activation and function of synaptic versus extrasynaptic receptors in the basal ganglia.

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NMDA receptors in the basal ganglia

Cited by 30 publications

References 79 publications

Increased Cognitive Functioning in Symptomatic Huntington's Disease As Revealed by Behavioral and Event-Related Potential Indices of Auditory Sensory Memory and Attention

Increased Cognitive Functioning in Symptomatic Huntington's Disease As Revealed by Behavioral and Event-Related Potential Indices of Auditory Sensory Memory and Attention

A population level computational model of the basal ganglia that generates parkinsonian local field potential activity

Glutamate and GABA receptors and transporters in the basal ganglia: What does their subsynaptic localization reveal about their function?

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