NMR and FT-IR Investigation of Spinel LiMn2O4 Cathode Prepared by the Tartaric Acid Gel Process

Effects of Metal Ion Sources on Synthesis and Electrochemical Performance of Spinel LiMn2O4 Using Tartaric Acid Gel Process

“…As the temperature increased, an abrupt weight loss occurred at about 3503C accompanied with a sharp exothermic peak, which is due to the combustion of the organic component and formation of lithium manganese oxide (11). At about 3503C, the weight loss of precursor using lithium acetate and manganese acetate as sources is apparently less than those prepared from lithium nitrate and manganese nitrate.…”

“…This result suggests that this tartaric acid gel process is much superior to commonly used solid-state reaction for synthesizing lithium manganese oxide powders. The fact that LiMn O spinel powders can be prepared at a much lower temperature can be attributed to the shorter Li}Mn ion distance and atomic-scale metal ion distribution in the precursor (11 present when lithium manganese oxide was synthesized at 5003C using solution-based oxidation method (16). However, the amount of Mn O decreases as the "ring temperature increases.…”

“…The e!ects of Li/Mn ratio and atmosphere on synthesis mechanism and electrochemical properties of Li V Mn O were emphasized. In our previous studies (11,19), the tartaric acid gel process has been developed to fabricate nano-LiMn O powder because this process provides several advantages of (i) high speci"c surface area, (ii) better control in the ratio of lithium to manganese, and (iii) easily accessible procedures.…”

Experimental and theoretical studies on dynamic properties of Li ions in LixMn2O4

“…As a competitive cathode material, numerous experimental and theoretical works [2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14] have been done on the conductive and diffusive properties of Li ions in Li x Mn 2 O 4 . On the experimental aspect, many methods have been applied.…”

Set-Controlling Additive for Thermal Shock-Resistant Cement

“…For comparison, two reference solutions of TA and SMS alone were prepared in the same manner. The AFT-IR spectrum of TA encompassed vibration bands attributed to six major bonds [16,17]: the first was the C=O stretching vibration in a carboxylic acid at 1734-and 1718-cm -1 ; the second was associated with O-H in-plane bending vibration at 1443-and 1393-cm -1 ; the third was due to C-O stretching in the acid, and ranged from 1361-to 1218-cm -1 ; the fourth was associated with C-O stretching related to the alcohol in the region between 1181-and 1085 cm -1 ; the fifth belonged to O-H out-of-plane bending at 990-and 936-cm -1 and, the sixth was the presence of C-H bending in the region 1322-1127 cm -1 . The spectrum of SMS had three prominent bands at 1429-, 932-, and 863-cm -1 , respectively attributed to the CO 3 2possibly in the sodium carbonate, the Si-O stretching mode in non-oxygen bridged SiO -Na + group, and the Si-O stretching in the silanol Si-OH group [18].…”