NMR-based metabolomics study of the biochemical relationship between sugarcane callus tissues and their respective nutrient culture media

Abstract

The culture of sugarcane leaf explant onto culture induction medium triggers the stimulation of cell metabolism into both embryogenic and non-embryogenic callus tissues. Previous analyses demonstrated that embryogenic and nonembryogenic callus tissues have distinct metabolic profiles. This study is the follow-up to understand the biochemical relationship between the nutrient media and callus tissues using one-dimensional (1D 1H) and two-dimensional (2D 1H–13C) NMR spectroscopy followed by principal component analysis (PCA). 1D 1H spectral comparisons of fresh unspent media (FM), embryogenic callus media (ECM), non-embryogenic callus media (NECM), embryogenic callus (EC), and non-embryogenic callus (NEC), showed different metabolic relationships between callus tissues and media. Based on metabolite fold change analysis, significantly changing sugar compounds such as glucose, fructose, sucrose, and maltose were maintained in large quantities by EC only. Significantly different amino acid compounds such as valine, leucine, alanine, threonine, asparagine, and glutamine and different organic acid derivatives such as lactate, 2-hydroxyisobutyrate, 4-aminobutyrate, malonate, and choline were present in EC, NEC, and NECM, which indicates that EC maintained these nutrients, while NEC either maintained or secreted the metabolites. These media and callus-specific results suggest that EC and NEC utilize and/or secrete media nutrients differently.

NMR Analysis Reveals a Wealth of Metabolites in Root-Knot Nematode Resistant Roots of Citrullus amarus Watermelon Plants

“…The 1D 1 H NMR metabolomics profile analysis along with the biochemical pathway analysis was performed to elucidate the metabolite differences between CA and the CL watermelon cultivars. In addition to the 1D 1 H NMR, 2D 1 H-13 C HSQC spectra was also performed to verify the 1 H assignments (Mahmud et al, 2014). The metabolic differences in this study between CA and CL could be the result of years of evolution between these two Citrullus spp.…”

“…Buckets with corresponding p values <0.05 were considered statistically significant. Lastly, the metabolites corresponding to the peaks in the buckets were identified using the Biological Magnetic Resonance Data Bank (BMRB) (www.bmrb.wisc.edu/ metabolomics/), Madison Metabolomics Consortium Database (MMCD) (http://mmcd.nmrfam.wisc.edu/), ChenomX NMR Suite (ChenomX Inc., Edmonton, AB, Canada), and published studies (Mahmud et al, 2014). Metabolic data interpretation was facilitated with the Metabolic Pathway Analysis (MetPA) component of MetaboAnalyst3.0 (Xia and Wishart, 2016).…”

NMR-based metabolomic analysis of wild, greenhouse, and in vitro regenerated shoots of Cymbopogon schoenanthus subsp. proximus with GC–MS assessment of proximadiol

“…Glucose and fructose concentrations have been shown to vary greatly during the developmental stages and their concentrations considerably declined by the later stages of embryo maturation in black and white spruce Iraqi and Tremblay (2001). Also, sucrose concentration was significantly higher in embryogenic callus than in non-embryogenic callus of sugarcane plants (Mahmud et al 2014).…”

Metabolite Profiles of Arsenic Tolerant Plants Regenerated from Stem Calli of Andrographis paniculata (Burm.f.) Nees using HPLC and 1D 1H NMR

“…Anand et al (2011) also reported the various bioactive chemical compounds by NMR spectral analysis in Zehneria scabra. The results showed that the usage of 1D 1 H NMR for comparing metabolic profiles of in vitro culture samples can be useful for understanding the biochemical relationships (Mahmud et al, 2014).…”