The yeast mitochondrial protein Sdh5 is required for the covalent attachment of flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD) to protein Sdh1, a subunit of the hetero-tetrameric enzyme succinate dehydrogenase (SDH). The NMR structure of Sdh5 represents the first eukaryotic structure of the Pfam family PF03937 and reveals a conserved surface region, which likely represents a putative Sdh1-Sdh5 interaction interface. Point mutations in this region result in the loss of covalent flavinylation of Sdh1. Moreover, backbone chemical shift perturbation measurements showed that Sdh5 does not bind FAD in vitro, indicating that it does not function as simple cofactor transporter in vivo.