NO and SO2 emissions in palm kernel shell catalytic steam gasification with in-situ CO2 adsorption for hydrogen production in a pilot-scale fluidized bed gasification system

Khan, Zakir; Yusup, Suzana; Aslam, Muhammad; Inayat, Abrar; Shahbaz, Muhammad; Naqvi, Salman Raza; Farooq, Robina; Watson, Ian

doi:10.1016/j.jclepro.2019.117636

Cited by 42 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…Blends. e thermal coconversion of lignocellulosic biomass and coal blends has the advantage of reducing greenhouse gas emissions, such as sulfur oxides (SOx) and nitrogen oxides (NOx) [5]. e conversion of different types of lignocellulosic biomass such as sugarcane bagasse and rice husk blended with coal can be easily realized cheaply with minor modifications in the current coal operating plants to adopt the use of blend.…”

Section: Ermogravimetric Analysis Of Coal/biomassmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…During the first stage, removal of moisture is carried out, and during the second stage, decomposition of cellulose and hemicellulose components occurs, and in the third stage, lignin degradation can be observed. By using the blends of biomass and coal, the decomposition of biomass is more dominant in the second stage than the decomposition of coal and the third stage is decomposition of coal with Journal of Chemistry 13 (5,10,20,30,40,50, and 100°C/min), reacting medium or environment (inert and oxidative by using N 2 , argon, O 2 , and CO 2 ), mass and size of the sample used, and temperature ranges to be operated. ese parameters can affect the product distribution and percentage of solid-liquid and gaseous fuels.…”

Section: Ermogravimetric Analysis Of Coal/biomassmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Fossil fuels have been extensively used for the last two centuries to meet the energy demand of the growing population for global development [1][2][3]. e increase in the environmental and sustainability summons due to the greenhouse emissions that are related to fossil fuel usage and the unceremonious distribution of fossil fuel resources has increased the global energy [4,5]. It is the need of the time to introduce an alternate energy approach to meet current and future energy demands [6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Comprehensive Review on Thermal Coconversion of Biomass, Sludge, Coal, and Their Blends Using Thermogravimetric Analysis

Hameed

Naqvi

et al. 2020

Journal of Chemistry

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Lignocellulosic biomass is a vital resource for providing clean future energy with a sustainable environment. Besides lignocellulosic residues, nonlignocellulosic residues such as sewage sludge from industrial and municipal wastes are gained much attention due to its large quantities and ability to produce cheap and clean energy to potentially replace fossil fuels. These cheap and abundantly resources can reduce global warming owing to their less polluting nature. The low-quality biomass and high ash content of sewage sludge-based thermal conversion processes face several disadvantages towards its commercialization. Therefore, it is necessary to utilize these residues in combination with coal for improvement in energy conversion processes. As per author information, no concrete study is available to discuss the synergy and decomposition mechanism of residues blending. The objective of this study is to present the state-of-the-art review based on the thermal coconversion of biomass/sewage sludge, coal/biomass, and coal/sewage sludge blends through thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) to explore the synergistic effects of the composition, thermal conversion, and blending for bioenergy production. This paper will also contribute to detailing the operating conditions (heating rate, temperature, and residence time) of copyrolysis and cocombustion processes, properties, and chemical composition that may affect these processes and will provide a basis to improve the yield of biofuels from biomass/sewage sludge, coal/sewage sludge, and coal/biomass blends in thermal coconversion through thermogravimetric technique. Furthermore, the influencing factors and the possible decomposition mechanism are elaborated and discussed in detail. This study will provide recent development and future prospects for cothermal conversion of biomass, sewage, coal, and their blends.

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Section: Ermogravimetric Analysis Of Coal/biomassmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Ermogravimetric Analysis Of Coal/biomassmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

A Comprehensive Review on Thermal Coconversion of Biomass, Sludge, Coal, and Their Blends Using Thermogravimetric Analysis

Hameed

Naqvi

et al. 2020

Journal of Chemistry

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“…Several reviews have been reported on various technologies [11,12]. These include dry gas reforming, also known as CO 2 reforming, steam reforming, hydrothermal reforming (also known as aqueous-phase reforming), partial oxidation and autothermal reforming [13][14][15]. Among the growing interests of oxygenated hydrocarbons undergoing reforming technologies are the short-chain alcohols (monohydric alcohols), such as methanol and ethanol (or bio-ethanol) [16], and polyhydric alcohols, such as glycerol [17,18].…”

Section: Fermentation Photosynthesismentioning

confidence: 99%

Catalytic reforming of oxygenated hydrocarbons for the hydrogen production: an outlook

Azizan

Aqsha

Ameen

et al. 2020

Biomass Conv. Bioref.

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The catalytic steam reforming of oxygenated hydrocarbons has been holding an interest in scientific societies for the past two decades. The hydrogen production from steam reforming of glycerol, ethanol and other oxygenates such as ethylene glycol and propylene glycol are more suitable choice not just because it can be produced from renewable sources, but it also helps to decrease the transportation fuel price and making it more competitive. In addition, hydrogen itself is a green fuel for the transportation sector. The studies on the production of hydrogen from various reforming technologies revealed a remarkable impact on the environmental and socio-economic issues. Researchers became more focused on glycerol steam reforming (GSR), ethanol steam reforming (ESR) and other oxygenates to investigate the catalyst suitability, their kinetics and challenges for the sustainability of the oil and gas production. In the present work, the authors critically addressed the challenges and strategies for hydrogen production via GSR, ESR and other oxygenates reforming process. This review covers extensively thermodynamic parametric analysis, catalysts developments, kinetics and advancement in the operational process for glycerol, ethanol and few other oxygenates. This detailed investigation only highlights the steam reforming process (SRP) of these oxygenates at the laboratory experimental stage. It was found that from this review, there are many technical issues, which lead to economic challenges. The issues are yet to be addressed and thus, these particular applications require faster accelerations at the pilot scale, taking into the consideration of the current pandemic and economic issues, for a safer and greener environment. Graphical abstract

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“…Compared to other thermal conversions such as combustion, gasification is an environmentally friendly technology. Gasification produces much less CO 2 than combustion, and SO 2 is only formed from the initial raw material content of biomass [9]. Apart from the main product, gasification produces tar as a by-product, which must be avoided.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Catalytic gasification of oil palm empty fruit bunch by using Indonesian bentonite as the catalyst

Aprianti¹,

Faizal²,

Said³

et al. 2021

J Appl Eng Science

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Oil palm empty fruit bunch (OPEFB is one of the enormous waste expected to become a renewable energy source. This study aimed to convert OPEFB into syngas through a gasification process using bentonite as a catalyst. The effects of temperature and product gas catalysts were investigated, and the efficiency of the gasification process was summarized. The process has used an updraft gasifier at 350-550 °C and air as the gasification medium (ER 0.2). The results indicate that syngas can be produced by updraft gasifier. When the temperature increase, the H2 and CO rising. The highest H2 and CO content of 27.74% and 20.43% are obtained at 550°C when bentonite applied. HHV and LHV range of 3.38~12.79 MJ/Nm3 and 3.03~11.58 MJ/Nm3, respectively. The maximum carbon conversion efficiency (CCE) and cold gas efficiency (CGE) reach 85.49% and 82.34%. Bentonite has been able to increase the concentration of the gas composition especially H2 and CO and the heating value of syngas.

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NO and SO2 emissions in palm kernel shell catalytic steam gasification with in-situ CO2 adsorption for hydrogen production in a pilot-scale fluidized bed gasification system

Abstract: NO and SO2 emissions in palm kernel shell catalytic steam gasification with in-situ CO2 adsorption for hydrogen production in a pilot-scale fluidized bed gasification system.

Cited by 42 publications

References 31 publications

A Comprehensive Review on Thermal Coconversion of Biomass, Sludge, Coal, and Their Blends Using Thermogravimetric Analysis

A Comprehensive Review on Thermal Coconversion of Biomass, Sludge, Coal, and Their Blends Using Thermogravimetric Analysis

Catalytic reforming of oxygenated hydrocarbons for the hydrogen production: an outlook

Catalytic gasification of oil palm empty fruit bunch by using Indonesian bentonite as the catalyst

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