No association of Borna disease virus with psychiatric disorders among patients in Northern Kyushu, Japan

Tsuji, Katsuro; Toyomasu, Kohji; Imamura, Yoshihiro; Maeda, Hideo; Toyoda, Tetsuya

doi:10.1002/1096-9071(200007)61:3<336::aid-jmv9>3.0.co;2-p

Cited by 20 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…Due to no evidence of BDV infection, we could not compare the results of the IFA and rRT-PCR. Including our previous studies,37,38 there have been several studies suggesting a dissociation between BDV and human psychiatric diseases 33,39-42…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 88%

“…However, the conflicting results regarding BDV infection cannot be attributed only to geographic factors. It has been reported that BDV is not associated with psychiatric patients in Kyushu island in Japan, a known endemic area of BDV infection 8,42,49. However, there have been two BDV-positive reports in Brazil, which has not been known to be an endemic BDV infection area 23,24.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

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Failure to Detect Borna Disease Virus Antibody and RNA from Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells of Psychiatric Patients

Lee

Tae

Song

et al. 2009

Psychiatry Investig

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ObjectiveBorna disease virus (BDV) is a highly neurotropic agent causing various neuropsychiatric symptoms in animals. Over the past two decades, it has been suggested that BDV might be associated with human psychiatric diseases. We aimed to investigate whether BDV is associated with psychiatric patients in Korea.MethodsWe recruited 60 normal controls and 198 psychiatric patients (98 patients with depressive disorder, 60 with schizophrenia, and 40 with bipolar disorder). We used an indirect immunofluorescence antibody (IFA) test for the BDV antibody and a real-time reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (rRT-PCR) assay for p24 and p40 RNA from peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs).ResultsNeither the BDV antibody nor p24, p40 RNA was detected in controls and patients groups.ConclusionOur results suggest that BDV might not be associated with psychiatric patients in Korea.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 88%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Failure to Detect Borna Disease Virus Antibody and RNA from Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells of Psychiatric Patients

Lee

Tae

Song

et al. 2009

Psychiatry Investig

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“…The difference in seroprevalence between the two studies may be due to different areas and/ or different patient population. Another recent report revealed that all plasma samples derived from 89 psychiatric patients and 210 healthy volunteers in a western area of Japan were negative for BDV p40, p24, and gp 18 antibodies by WB analysis without an inhibition test, while BDV RNA was detected in 1 to 2% of the patients (47). The difference in seroprevalence may be due to different conditions of the WB assay.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The differences in prevalence could be due to the use of different assay systems (immunofluorescence [IF] assay [4,5,37,38], Western blot [WB] analysis [8,14,15,21,23,24,40,47,50], enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay [14,20,24], and electrochemiluminescence immunoassay [ECLIA] [53]) with different sensitivities and specificities. Particularly, in most of the previous reports that examined BDV antibodies by WB analysis, the specificity for BDV has not been considered, giving rise to the possibility of false-positive results.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Immunological and PCR Analyses for Borna Disease Virus in Psychiatric Patients and Blood Donors in Japan

Fukuda

Takahashi²,

Iwata

et al. 2001

J Clin Microbiol

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Borna disease virus (BDV) is the prototype of a new virus family, Bornaviridae, within the Mononegavirales order, which has a nonsegmented, negative-sense, single-stranded RNA genome (12,42). BDV is a noncytolytic neurotropic virus that infects a wide variety of animal species from birds to primates (7,17,26,36,51,52) and causes Borna disease (BD), which is characterized by central nervous system dysfunction with variable manifestations ranging from fatal neuronal damage to almost asymptomatic viral persistence (19,25,28,29). The wide host range of the virus and behavioral disturbances in animals with BD have suggested that BDV infection may be associated with human psychiatric disorders (5,8,9,15,23,33,40,48,49,53). Furthermore, seroepidemiological data and the detection of BDV RNA in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) by nested reverse transcriptase PCR (RT-PCR) have also suggested a possible involvement of BDV in human psychiatric disorders. However, there is controversy over the prevalence of BDV antibodies and BDV RNA in the PBMCs of patients with psychiatric disorders.In previous serological studies, the prevalence of anti-BDV antibodies in psychiatric patients varied from 0 to 30% in different laboratories. The differences in prevalence could be due to the use of different assay systems (immunofluorescence [IF] assay [4,5,37,38], Western blot [WB] analysis [8,14,15,21,23,24,40,47,50], enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay [14,20,24], and electrochemiluminescence immunoassay [ECLIA] [53]) with different sensitivities and specificities. Particularly, in most of the previous reports that examined BDV antibodies by WB analysis, the specificity for BDV has not been considered, giving rise to the possibility of false-positive results. One of the aims of the present study was to establish a WB analysis with specificity for the detection of BDV antibodies in human sera and to reevaluate the prevalence of BDV antibodies. Furthermore, we also tried to detect anti-BDV antibodies by ECLIA and IF assay to make elaborate inquires into the prevalence of anti-BDV antibodies. To our knowledge, this is the first report on the evaluation of the prevalence of anti-BDV antibodies examined by three different methods.Experimental animal models of BD demonstrated that BD is caused by T-cell-mediated immunopathology in the brain (1a, 2, 3, 16, 28, 31, 32, 35, 41, 43-45). The evidence has suggested that BDV-specific CD4 ϩ and CD8 ϩ T cells in the brain play an

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“…199 False-positive results in highly capable laboratories have led to incorrect conclusions about infectious agents causing many chronic diseases, including multiple sclerosis and schizophrenia. 142,200,201 Guidelines for establishing causation on the basis of molecular detection techniques are evolving. 202 The findings to date regarding detection of measles virus from studies of intestinal tissue specimens do not meet several of these guidelines.…”

Section: Is Measles Virus Present In the Intestinal Wall In Patients mentioning

confidence: 99%

Measles-Mumps-Rubella Vaccine and Autistic Spectrum Disorder: Report From the New Challenges in Childhood Immunizations Conference Convened in Oak Brook, Illinois, June 12–13, 2000

Halsey¹,

Hyman²

2001

Pediatrics

138

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ABSTRACT. Background. Parents and physicians are understandably concerned about the causes and treatment of autism, a devastating disease that affects the entire family. Although much has been learned about autism, there are many gaps in our knowledge about what causes the disorder and how it can be prevented. Autistic symptoms occur along a spectrum, often referred to as autistic spectrum disorder (ASD). Concern has been raised about a possible association between measlesmumps-rubella (MMR) vaccine and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and ASD, especially autism with regression. Also, increased requests for educational services related to ASD have raised concerns about possible increases in the incidence of ASD.Methods. On June 12-13, 2000, the American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) convened a conference titled "New Challenges in Childhood Immunizations" in Oak Brook, Illinois. At this conference, parents, practitioners, and scientists presented information and research on MMR vaccine and ASD. Attendees included representatives from select AAP committees and sections as well as federal and other organizations that address related issues. The multidisciplinary panel of experts reviewed data on what is known about the pathogenesis, epidemiology, and genetics of ASD and the available data on hypothesized associations with IBD, measles, and MMR vaccine. Supplemental information was requested from authors who have proposed the hypotheses and other experts in relevant areas.Results. Autism is a complex disorder of uncertain and probably multiple etiologies. Genetic predisposition to ASD may involve as many as 10 genes. Many experts believe that the abnormal brain development in autism occurs before 30 weeks' gestation in most instances. In utero rubella is a known cause of autism. Animal model data support the biologic plausibility that exposure to yet unrecognized infectious or other environmental agents could cause ASD.Several factors may contribute to apparent increases in incidence of ASD in recent years. Most data indicate increased recognition and reporting as primary factors, but the epidemiologic data are insufficient to determine if there has been a true increase in the incidence of ASD. Increased reporting of ASD in recent years has occurred long after the introduction of MMR vaccine in the United States in 1971 and widespread use of this vaccine in the 1970s for routine immunization of children at 12 to 15 months of age. Appropriate detailed studies are needed to define the true incidence and prevalence of ASD. Epidemiologic studies in Europe indicate no association between MMR vaccine and ASD.Some children with ASD have gastrointestinal symptoms, but an increased rate of any specific gastrointestinal disorder in children with ASD has not been established. Studies to detect evidence of measles virus in intestinal tissue specimens from patients with IBD or autism with gastrointestinal symptoms have not used uniform techniques. Several laboratories have found no evidence of measles viruses in tissue specimens f...

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No association of Borna disease virus with psychiatric disorders among patients in Northern Kyushu, Japan

Cited by 20 publications

References 24 publications

Failure to Detect Borna Disease Virus Antibody and RNA from Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells of Psychiatric Patients

Failure to Detect Borna Disease Virus Antibody and RNA from Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells of Psychiatric Patients

Immunological and PCR Analyses for Borna Disease Virus in Psychiatric Patients and Blood Donors in Japan

Measles-Mumps-Rubella Vaccine and Autistic Spectrum Disorder: Report From the New Challenges in Childhood Immunizations Conference Convened in Oak Brook, Illinois, June 12–13, 2000

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