No associations between microbiota signalling substances and cognitive, language and motor development among three‐year‐old rural Ugandan children

Iversen, Per Ole; Atukunda, Prudence; Kort, Remco; Ueland, Per Magne; Westerberg, Ane Cecilie; Muhoozi, Grace Kyamazima Mehangye

doi:10.1111/apa.15330

Cited by 2 publications

(4 citation statements)

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“…Although some community-based interventions have showed significant benefits on child stunting [ 17 , 18 ], we failed to do so with our maternal education intervention, possibly due in part to prenatal influences or insults during the first 6−8 months of life [ 6 , 11 , 12 ]. Another factor linked to impaired growth has been altered gut bacterial composition in infancy [ 19 ], however, our intervention did not impact on the overall gut microbiota [ 12 , 20 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Longitudinal assessments of child growth: A six-year follow-up of a cluster-randomized maternal education trial

et al. 2021

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Background & aims: Child growth impairments are rampant in sub-Saharan Africa. To combat this important health problem, long-term follow-up studies are needed to examine possible benefits and sustainability of various interventions designed to correct inadequate child growth. Our aim was to perform a follow-up study of children aged 60e72 months whose mothers participated in a two-armed cluster-randomized education intervention trial lasting 6 months in rural Uganda when their children were 6e8 months old with data collection at 20e24 and at 36 months. The education focused on nutrition, hygiene, and child stimulation. Methods: We measured growth using anthropometry converted to z-scores according to WHO guidelines. We also included assessments of body composition using bioimpedance. We used multilevel mixed effect linear regression models with maximum likelihood method, unstructured variance-covariance structure, and the cluster as a random effect component to compare data from the intervention (receiving the education and routine health care) with the control group (receiving only routine health care). Results: Of the 511 children included in the original trial, data from 166/263 (63%) and 141/248 (57%) of the children in the intervention and control group, respectively, were available for the current follow-up study. We found no significant differences in any anthropometrical z-score between the two study groups at child age of 60e72 months, except that children in the intervention group had lower (P ¼ 0.006) weight-for-height z-score than the controls. There were no significant differences in the trajectories of z-scores or height growth velocity (cm/year) from baseline (start of original trial) to child age of 60e72 months. Neither did we detect any significant difference between the intervention and control group regarding body composition (fat mass, fat free mass, and total body water) at child age 60 e72 months. Separate gender analyses had no significant impact on any of the growth or body composition findings. Conclusion:In this long-term study of children participating in a randomized maternal education trial, we found no significant impact of the intervention on anthropometrical z-scores, height growth velocity or body composition. Trial registration: Clinical Trials (clinical trials.gov) ClinicalTrials.gov ID NCT 02098031.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Longitudinal assessments of child growth: A six-year follow-up of a cluster-randomized maternal education trial

et al. 2021

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“…Resting state electroencephalography (EEG) assessments of participants were performed to investigate the impacts of MAM on brain activity. Comparisons of EEG power spectral density (PSD) between children with MAM and the well-nourished controls identi ed signi cant differences in the high-alpha (9-12 Hz), beta (12)(13)(14)(15)(16)(17)(18)(19)(20)(21)(22)(23)(24)(25)(26)(27)(28)(29)(30) and gamma (30-45 Hz) frequency bands distributed across occipital, temporal parietal, and frontal regions (Fig. 2a & b).…”

Section: Mam Impacts Brain Activity and Expressive Communicationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…EEG outputs from HAPPE were then reformatted and processed using the Batch Electroencephalography Automated Processing Platform (BEAPP) 57 to extract power spectra for each participant across the following frequency bands: delta (2-4 Hz), theta (4-6 Hz), low alpha (6-9 Hz), high alpha (9-12 Hz), beta (12)(13)(14)(15)(16)(17)(18)(19)(20)(21)(22)(23)(24)(25)(26)(27)(28)(29)(30), and gamma (30)(31)(32)(33)(34)(35)(36)(37)(38)(39)(40)(41)(42)(43)(44)(45) and the following regions of interest (Fig. S2): occipital (E70, E71, E75, E76, E83), temporal (E36, E40, E41, E45, E46, E102, E103, E104, E108, E109), parietal (E52, E53, E59, E60, E85, E86, E91, E92), and frontal (E5, E6, E12, E13, E24, E27, E28, E33, E34, E112, E116, E117, E122, E123, E124).…”

Section: Eeg Data Collection and Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

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Alterations in gut microbiota composition, plasma lipids, and brain activity, suggest inter-connected pathways influencing malnutrition-associated cognitive and neurodevelopmental changes.

O'Sullivan,

Portlock,

Sharma

et al. 2024

Preprint

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Malnutrition affects over 30 million children annually and has profound immediate and enduring repercussions, with nearly half of child deaths under five linked to malnutrition. Survivors face lasting consequences, including impaired neurocognitive development, leading to cognitive and behavioural deficits, impacting academic performance and socioeconomic outcomes. Despite extensive literature on malnutrition’s associations with infections, metabolism, microbiome, and genomics, knowledge gaps persist around how these changes are mechanistically connected. The objective of this study was to identify gut microbiome mediated associations between Moderate Acute Malnutrition (MAM) and cognitive development. Despite limitations, this study provides evidence supporting the hypothesis that inter-connected pathways between the gut microbiome, microbial metabolism mediate plasma lipids, brain activity, and cognitive functions. Causality between gut microbiome, plasma metabolite changes, and MAM phenotype remains unclear, necessitating further research. However, these findings offer insights to optimize interventions for MAM-associated neurodevelopmental changes.

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No associations between microbiota signalling substances and cognitive, language and motor development among three‐year‐old rural Ugandan children

Cited by 2 publications

References 5 publications

Longitudinal assessments of child growth: A six-year follow-up of a cluster-randomized maternal education trial

Longitudinal assessments of child growth: A six-year follow-up of a cluster-randomized maternal education trial

Alterations in gut microbiota composition, plasma lipids, and brain activity, suggest inter-connected pathways influencing malnutrition-associated cognitive and neurodevelopmental changes.

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