No mutual symbiosis following infection of algae-free Paramecium bursaria with symbiotic algae from Mayorella viridis

Kawai, Shion; Araki, Sotaro; Kodama, Yuuki

doi:10.1007/s13199-017-0517-0

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 23 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Song et al reported that the PV membrane directly contacts the P. bursaria ’s mitochondrial membrane 28 . Similar results were observed in Mayorella visiris 29 , 30 , Toxoplasma gondii 31 , Plasmodium sporozoites 32 , and Encephalitozoon microsporidia 33 . Therefore, the association of host mitochondria with symbionts may be a universal component in symbiotic relationships.…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 84%

Endosymbiotic Chlorella variabilis reduces mitochondrial number in the ciliate Paramecium bursaria

Kodama,

Fujishima

2022

Sci Rep

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Extant symbioses illustrate endosymbiosis is a driving force for evolution and diversification. In the ciliate Paramecium bursaria, the endosymbiotic alga Chlorella variabilis in perialgal vacuole localizes beneath the host cell cortex by adhesion between the perialgal vacuole membrane and host mitochondria. We investigated whether host mitochondria are also affected by algal endosymbiosis. Transmission electron microscopy of host cells showed fewer mitochondria beneath the algae-bearing host cell cortex than that of alga-free cells. To compare the density and distribution of host mitochondria with or without symbiotic algae, we developed a monoclonal antibody against Paramecium mitochondria. Immunofluorescence microscopy with the monoclonal antibody showed that the mitochondrial density of the algae-bearing P. bursaria was significantly lower than that of the alga-free cells. The total cell protein concentration of alga-free P. bursaria cells was approximately 1.8-fold higher than that of algae-bearing cells, and the protein content of mitochondria was significantly higher in alga-free cells than that in the algae-bearing cells. These results corresponded with those obtained by transmission electron and immunofluorescence microscopies. This paper shows that endosymbiotic algae affect reduced mitochondrial number in the host P. bursaria significantly.

show abstract

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 84%

Endosymbiotic Chlorella variabilis reduces mitochondrial number in the ciliate Paramecium bursaria

Kodama,

Fujishima

2022

Sci Rep

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Direct sequencing of the PCR products was performed following Tsubota et al (1999) and Inoue et al (2012). Primers used for PCR amplification and DNA sequencing were based on White et al (1990), Handa et al (2003), Oguri et al (2003), Nakahara et al (2004aNakahara et al ( , 2004b, and Tsubota et al (2012), as shown in Appendix S1. Sequences acquired in the present study have been submitted to the DNA Data Bank of Japan (DDBJ), a member of the International Nucleotide Sequence Database Collaboration (INSDC).…”

Section: Dna Extraction Pcr Amplification and Dna Sequencingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Trentepohlia brevicellulis comb. et stat. nov. (Trentepohliaceae, Ulvophyceae) found in Japan

Handa,

Nakahara‐Tsubota,

Shoda

et al. 2023

Phycological Research

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

SUMMARYThe family Trentepohliaceae contains many common aerial algae, most widely distributed, particularly in tropical and subtropical regions. Eight species of the genus Trentepohlia have been reported in Japan. We report another taxon, Trentepohlia brevicellulis (Cribb) S. Handa and H. Tsubota comb. et stat. nov., growing on bark in western Honshu, Japan. This alga was previously described as Trentepohlia bosseae var. brevicellulis Cribb. However, the relationship between the bosseae and brevicellulis varieties of T. bosseae could not be ascertained owing to the lack of genetic information for brevicellulis. Therefore, we aimed to examine the detailed morphological characteristics of brevicellulis in wild samples and cultured strains and to review the taxonomy, including systematic information obtained by genetic analysis. Its phylogenetic position was resolved based on 18S rDNA sequence data. It differs from T. bosseae and its variety samoensis in exhibiting a warty zoosporangium surface, an unthickened septum with no central pit field, and a non‐rusty‐brown cell wall. The four key characteristics of T. brevicellulis include a warty layer on the inner surface of the non‐bent side of the suffultory cell wall, an ostiole located near the base of the zoosporangium, curved tapering filaments with thickened cell walls, and globular vegetative spores in the basal portion of the filament. Transmission electron microscopy revealed a pit field wherein simple plasmodesmata were present in the septum. Phylogenetic analysis suggested that this alga and T. bosseae form distinct clades and that T. brevicellulis is separate from T. bosseae. Thus, our study helped redefine the accurate taxonomic position of the species under study as Trentepohlia brevicellulis (Cribb) S. Handa and H. Tsubota comb. et stat. nov., a clade distinct from T. bosseae and reported for the first time in Japan.

show abstract

Effects of the Symbiotic Chlorella variabilis on the Host Ciliate Paramecium bursaria Phenotypes

Kodama,

Fujishima

2024

Microorganisms

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Paramecium bursaria, a ciliated protist, forms a symbiotic relationship with the green alga Chlorella variabilis. This endosymbiotic association is a model system for studying the establishment of secondary symbiosis and interactions between the symbiont and its host organisms. Symbiotic algae reside in specialized compartments called perialgal vacuoles (PVs) within the host cytoplasm, which protect them from digestion by host lysosomal fusion. The relationship between P. bursaria and symbiotic Chlorella spp. is characterized by mutualism, in which both organisms benefit from this association. Furthermore, symbiotic algae also influence their host phenotypes, and algae-free P. bursaria can be obtained through various methods and reassociated with symbiotic algae, making it a valuable tool for studying secondary endosymbiosis. Recent advancements in genomic and transcriptomic studies on both hosts and symbionts have further enhanced the utility of this model system. This review summarizes the infection process of the symbiotic alga C. variabilis and its effects on the algal infection on number of host trichocysts, mitochondria, cytoplasmic crystals, total protein amount, stress responses, photoaccumulation, and circadian rhythms of the host P. bursaria.

show abstract

No mutual symbiosis following infection of algae-free Paramecium bursaria with symbiotic algae from Mayorella viridis

Cited by 3 publications

References 23 publications

Endosymbiotic Chlorella variabilis reduces mitochondrial number in the ciliate Paramecium bursaria

Endosymbiotic Chlorella variabilis reduces mitochondrial number in the ciliate Paramecium bursaria

Trentepohlia brevicellulis comb. et stat. nov. (Trentepohliaceae, Ulvophyceae) found in Japan

Effects of the Symbiotic Chlorella variabilis on the Host Ciliate Paramecium bursaria Phenotypes

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About