No signs of star formation being regulated in the most luminous quasars at z ∼ 2 with ALMA

Schulze, Andreas; Silverman, John D.; Daddi, E.; Rujopakarn, W.; Liu, Daizhong; Schramm, Malte; Mainieri, V.; Imanishi, Masatoshi; Hirschmann, Michaela; Jahnke, K.

doi:10.1093/mnras/stz1746

Cited by 61 publications

(58 citation statements)

References 160 publications

(253 reference statements)

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“…These results, albeit with more evidence, are still consistent with the tentative findings of B19, which showed that more luminous X-ray AGNs have R MS distributions closer to those of main-sequence galaxies compared to lower L X AGNs. This is also consistent with the findings of Schulze et al (2019), who noticed no difference in the SFR distribution of 20 z ∼ 2 quasars and the SFR distribution of main-sequence galaxies.…”

Section: R Ms As a Function Of L Xsupporting

confidence: 93%

A binning-free method reveals a continuous relationship between galaxies’ AGN power and offset from main sequence

Grimmett

Mullaney

Bernhard

et al. 2020

Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society

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Studies investigating the relationship between active galactic nucleus (AGN) power and the star formation rates (SFRs) of their host galaxies often rely on averaging techniques – such as stacking – to incorporate information from non-detections. However, averages, and especially means, can be strongly affected by outliers and can therefore give a misleading indication of the ‘typical’ case. Recently, a number of studies have taken a step further by binning their sample in terms of AGN power (approximated by the 2–10 keV luminosity of the AGN), and investigating how the SFR distribution differs between these bins. These bin thresholds are often weakly motivated, and binning implicitly assumes that sources within the same bin have similar (or even identical) properties. In this paper, we investigate whether the distribution of host SFRs – relative to the locus of the star-forming main sequence (i.e. RMS) – changes continuously as a function of AGN power. We achieve this by using a hierarchical Bayesian model that completely removes the need to bin in AGN power. In doing so, we find strong evidence that the RMS distribution changes with 2–10 keV X-ray luminosity. The results suggest that higher X-ray luminosity AGNs have a tighter physical connection to the star-forming process than lower X-ray luminosity AGNs, at least within the 0.8 < z < 1.2 redshift range considered here.

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Section: R Ms As a Function Of L Xsupporting

confidence: 93%

A binning-free method reveals a continuous relationship between galaxies’ AGN power and offset from main sequence

Grimmett

Mullaney

Bernhard

et al. 2020

Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society

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“…This choice is motivated by the ALMA study of Scholtz et al (2018) which constrained the empirical IR distributions of X-ray AGN in deep extragalactic fields. Very luminous QSOs at z ∼ 2 may show a narrower distribution of SFRs (width ≈ 0.5; Schulze et al 2019), but this level of difference in the assumed distribution width makes little qualitative difference to our results. For any given interval in redshift, we identify all cQSOs in the LoTSS DR1 field, irrespective of their radio properties.…”

Section: Simulating the Sfr Contribution In Typical Qsoscontrasting

confidence: 50%

“…The first approach assumes that QSOs exhibit a lognormal distribution of IR luminosities arising from SF. This assumption is motivated by ALMA continuum studies of distant AGN and QSOs (Scholtz et al 2018;Schulze et al 2019), as well as theoretical considerations from hydrodynamic simulations (Scholtz et al 2018). The second approach modifies the redshiftdependent infrared luminosity functions (IRLFs) of galaxies to construct IR luminosity distributions tuned to QSOs.…”

Section: Simulating the Sfr Contribution In Typical Qsosmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fundamental differences in the radio properties of red and blue quasars: insight from the LOFAR Two-metre Sky Survey (LoTSS)

Rosario

Fawcett

Klindt

et al. 2020

Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society

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Red quasi-stellar objects (QSOs) are a subset of the luminous end of the cosmic population of active galactic nuclei (AGN), most of which are reddened by intervening dust along the line-of-sight towards their central engines. In recent work from our team, we developed a systematic technique to select red QSOs from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS), and demonstrated that they have distinctive radio properties using the Faint Images of the Radio Sky at Twenty centimeters (FIRST) radio survey. Here we expand our study using low-frequency radio data from the LOFAR Two-metre Sky Survey (LoTSS). With the improvement in depth that LoTSS offers, we confirm key results: compared to a control sample of normal "blue" QSOs matched in redshift and accretion power, red QSOs have a higher radio detection rate and a higher incidence of compact radio morphologies. For the first time, we also demonstrate that these differences arise primarily in sources of intermediate radio-loudness: radio-intermediate red QSOs are ×3 more common than typical QSOs, but the excess diminishes among the most radio-loud and the most radio-quiet systems in our study. We develop Monte-Carlo simulations to explore whether differences in star formation could explain these results, and conclude that, while star formation is an important source of low-frequency emission among radio-quiet QSOs, a population of AGN-driven compact radio sources is the most likely cause for the distinct low-frequency radio properties of red QSOs. Our study substantiates the conclusion that fundamental differences must exist between the red and normal blue QSO populations.

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“…In a sample of 18 quasar host galaxies studied in dust continuum with ALMA, Schulze et al (2019) find no evidence for regulation of star formation. Their sample matches ours in both bolometric luminosity and SMBH mass.…”

Section: Gas Depletionmentioning

confidence: 86%

A Spatially Resolved Survey of Distant Quasar Host Galaxies. II. Photoionization and Kinematics of the ISM

Vayner

Wright

Murray

et al. 2021

ApJ

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We present detailed observations of photoionization conditions and galaxy kinematics in 11 z = 1.39-2.59 radioloud quasar host galaxies. Data were taken with the OSIRIS integral field spectrograph and the adaptive optics system at the W. M. Keck Observatory that targeted nebular emission lines (Hβ, [O III], Hα, [N II]) redshifted into the near-infrared (1-2.4 μm). We detect extended ionized emission on scales ranging from 1 to 30 kpc photoionized by stars, shocks, and active galactic nuclei (AGN). Spatially resolved emission-line ratios indicate that our systems reside off the star formation and AGN-mixing sequence on the Baldwin, Phillips, & Terlevich diagram at low redshift. The dominant cause of the difference between line ratios of low-redshift galaxies and our sample is due to lower gas-phase metallicities, which are 2-5× less compared to galaxies with AGN in the nearby universe. Using gas velocity dispersion as a proxy to stellar velocity dispersion and dynamical mass measurement through inclined disk modeling, we find that the quasar host galaxies are undermassive relative to their central supermassive black hole mass, with all systems residing off the local scaling (M • -σ, M • -M * ) relationship. These quasar host galaxies require substantial growth, up to an order of magnitude in stellar mass, to grow into presentday massive elliptical galaxies. Combining these results with part I of our sample paper, we find evidence for winds capable of causing feedback before the AGN host galaxies land on the local scaling relation between black hole and galaxy stellar mass, and before the enrichment of the interstellar medium to a level observed in local galaxies with AGN. Unified Astronomy Thesaurus concepts: Radio loud quasars (1349); Galaxy winds (626); Emission line galaxies (459); M-sigma relation (2026); Supermassive black holes (1663); Observational astronomy (1145); Astronomical techniques (1684); Near infrared astronomy (1093)

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No signs of star formation being regulated in the most luminous quasars at z ∼ 2 with ALMA

Cited by 61 publications

References 160 publications

A binning-free method reveals a continuous relationship between galaxies’ AGN power and offset from main sequence

A binning-free method reveals a continuous relationship between galaxies’ AGN power and offset from main sequence

Fundamental differences in the radio properties of red and blue quasars: insight from the LOFAR Two-metre Sky Survey (LoTSS)

A Spatially Resolved Survey of Distant Quasar Host Galaxies. II. Photoionization and Kinematics of the ISM

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